• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.117-125
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• 1992

TWINSPAN(two-way indicator species analysis), DCCA(detrended canonical correspondence analysis) and polar ordination method wee used so as to analyze the the relation between forest vegetation and hibitat of mudungsan(1, 187m) located in kwangju area. Vegetationsurvey consulted 1:25, 000 topographical map, set up 41 quadrats and analyzed from April, 1990 to August, 1991. Forest vegetation of mudungsan was classifild to quercus acutissima community, fraxinus mandshurica community, quercus mongolica community, quercus serrata community, quercus dentata community, quercus variabilis community, and pinus densiflora community by TWINSPANmethod, and this almost coincide with the result of plar ordination. according to DCCA analysis, P. densiflora community was formed in xeric and low altitude region which soil nutrient was poor, compared with other communities. q. variabilis and q. acutissima community wee distributed in the region that low altitude and organic matter content was comparatively low, but q. acutissima community was formed in a damp region while q. variabilis community in a xeric region. q. mongolica and f. mandshurica formed the communities in a high altitude region, especially f. mandshurica cmmunity was distributed in a high humidity region. According to polar ordination analysis, the forest vegetation was classified to 7 communities by means of environmental gradient such as humidity, organic matter, ph, temperature, c.e.c and P2O5.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.62-66
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• 2010

In this article, a oscillator at X-band with a double H-shape metamaterial resonator (DHMR) based on high-Q is proposed with metamaterial structure to improve Ihe phase noise and output power. The proposed oscillator is required low phase noise and high output power for the high performance frequency synthesizer. DHMR is designed to be high-Q at resonance frequency through strong coupling of E-field. This character makes phase noise excellent. The oscillator using DHMR is oscillated in X-band so as to apply frequency synthesizer of radar systems. The output power is 4.33 dBm and the phase noise is -108 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz offset of carrier frequency.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.99-106
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• 2018

Board games have many game characters and many state spaces. Therefore, games must be long learning. This paper used reinforcement learning algorithm. But, there is weakness with reinforcement learning. At the beginning of learning, reinforcement learning has the drawback of slow learning speed. Therefore, we tried to improve the learning speed by using the heuristic using the knowledge of the problem domain considering the game tree when there is the same best value during learning. In order to compare the existing character the improved one. I produced a board game. So I compete with one-sided attacking character. Improved character attacked the opponent's one considering the game tree. As a result of experiment, improved character's capability was improved on learning speed.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.135-150
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• 2003

This study is described the stabilizing technology of water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion and the mechanism of emulsification with quaternium-18 hectorite (Q-18 HTRT) by swelling action. When Q-18 HTRT is dispersed in oil, it swells and constructs card-house structure adding ethanol, and formation of water phase is caused by hydrogen bonding. The gelling activities of Q-18 HTRT were excellent such as mineral oil, squalane, cetostearyl isononanoate, isostearic acid, cetyl octanoate, octyl dodecanol and so on. Especially, when oil gel containing Q-18 HTRT passed one to three times by Roll mill. It made the W/O emulsion cream (W/O-ECRM) having 2.0 w/w% of Q-18 HTRT and also produced the control sample (control) including 3.0 w/w% of cetyl PEG/PPG- l0/l dimethicone. The stability of after 24 weeks, Hardness of W/O-ECRM dropped 7.48%, whereas hardness of control went down 57 71%. As a result of these test emulsification of W/O-ECRM is superior compared with control. In cosmetic, 0-18 HTRT can use as suspending agent, oil adsorbent, emulsifying agent, dispersing agent, viscosifier and pigment.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.209-215
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• 2015

Colorectal carcinoma is one of the four major cancers in Korea, and it shows the tendency of increase every year due to economic development and changes to western styles. Accordingly, various diagnostic methods are needed and so comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was performed. Deletion was detected on 5q (10%), 10q (17%), 17p (40%), 18p (23%), 18q (47%), 22q (23%), and higher deletion loci were 18q (12/30, 47%), 17p (12/30, 40%), and 22q (7/30, 23%). Amplification was shown on chromosomes 6pq (10%), 7p (17%), 7q (33%), 8q (13%), 9pq (10%), 12q (17%), 13q (37%), 20p (23%), and 20q (57%) respectively. The highest amplification was detected on chromosomes 20q (17/30, 57%), 13q (11/30, 37%), and 7q (10/30, 33%). The genetic change pattern with the locus of colorectal carcinoma was shown mean 3.1 (amplification 1.7, deletion 1.4) on the right colorectal carcinoma, while rectal carcinoma appeared high mean 6.3 (amplification 3.7, deletion 2.6) (p<0.001). The genetic change pattern with lymphatic gland metastasis, mean 3.5 (amplification 2.2, deletion 1.3) from "no metastasis" group, while high mean 6.3 (amplification 3.5, deletion 2.8) from metastasis group (p<0.003). The genetic change pattern with disease stages appeared mean 3.5 (amplification 2.1, deletion 1.4) from I-II stages, while high mean 6.0 (amplification 3.4, deletion 2.6) from III-IV stages (p<0.006). No significance was observed in comparing histological classification and serum CEA increased groups.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.22-28
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• 1982

Under a continuous-review inventory system, the inventory position process was proved to be asymptotically independent of the general renewal demand processes, when the two processes form an asymptotic unimodel joint distribution. The analytical technique implemented through this work seems to be more like general, and so the periodic-review system can be similarly investigated. In conclusion, the results may be evaluated to direct to the analytical analyses of some inventory systems which have been treated under some restrictions on demand processes.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.85-101
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• 1999

Let $p$ be analytic in the unit disc U and let $q$ be univalent in U. In addition, let ${\Omega}$ be a set in C and let ${\psi}:c^3{\times}U{\rightarrow}C$. The author determines conditions on ${\psi}$ so that $$\{{\psi}(p(z),zp^{\prime}(z),z^2p^{{\prime}{\prime}}(z);z){\mid}z{\in}U\}{\subset}{\Omega}{\Rightarrow}p(U){\subset}q(U)$$. Applications of this result to differential inequalities, differential subordinations and integral inequalities are presented.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.263-272
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• 2011

In the paper [1], an explicit correspondence between certain cubic irreducible polynomials over $\mathbb{F}_q$ and cubic irreducible polynomials of special type over $\mathbb{F}_{q^2}$ was established. In this paper, we show that we can mimic such a correspondence for quintic polynomials. Our transformations are rather constructive so that it can be used to generate irreducible polynomials in one of the finite fields, by using certain irreducible polynomials given in the other field.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.80-94
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• 1992

To inspect the changing of the forest soil and plants community structrure by air plooutand & acid rain during from September to November in 1990, the smapling sites were selected in the Piwon, Namsan and Kwangnung forest. In sites, plots were set up in Q. aliena forest at Piwon, Quercus mongolica and Pinus densiflora forest at Namsan and Q. mongolica and Pinus densiflora forest at Kwangnung. To obtain the individual number of trees, number of species, importance values and species diversity, using the Curtis & McIntosh methods. The results are following that; 1) In Pinus densiflora community, it was almost dominated by Q. spp. in the canopy layer and P. densiflora and Carpinus laxiflora through the subtree to shrub layer at Kwangnung. It wassaid that C. laxiflora is the climax species in moddle temperature zone. On the contrary, in Namsan forest, there is no appearance thesamplings of P. densiflora & C. laxiflora, but Styrax japonica and Stephanandra incisa that are acid-tolerance species are dominant ones. On the other hand, in Q. spp. community, Q. spp. and C. laxiflora are dominant ones. On the other hand, in Q. spp. community, Q. spp. and C. laxiflora are dominant species through all layer, and in addition C. cordata somewhat appear at Kwangnung. But at Namsan and Piwon forest, Q. mongolica & Q. aliena that were dominant species in canopy layer disappeared in the subtreeand shrub layer, and C. laxiflora and Corunus cordata absolutely disappeared. It were similarly dominated by Robinia pseudo-acacia, Styrax japonica, Sorbus alnifolia, Acer pseudo-sieboldianum, Rhododendrn mucronulatum and so on at Namsn and Piwon forest. In the light of these facts, it found out that disclimax was similar between Namsan and Piwon forest. 2) Species diversity and maximum species diversity were decreased in Kwangnumg, Namsan, Piwon in order. It was xpected that vegetational community was affected by environmental pollutant. 3) As the vegetational community structure analyses, using DCA technique among the ordination, ecological successional series are stopped to Q. spp. from P. densiflora at Namsan and Piwon, but that of Kwangnung is on the way that P. densiflora, Q. alena, C. laxiflora. It was obvi ously different from Namsan and Piwon. 4) In Q. spp. & P. densiflora community, the number of woody plants inNamsan & Piwon is much less than that of Kwangnung through all Layer. Especially, Piwon shown very severe difference. Through all community, the number of individuals of Piwon and Namsan are less than that of Kwangnung. Specially, that of the shrub layer is obvious. 5) In the growth rate of trees, it found out that all sites showed the growth decline phenomena. Especially, since in 1975, there have been the micro disclimax phenomena in Q. community of Kwangnung. 6) In the Q. community, soil acidity of Namsan & Piwon measured 4.57, 4.40 respectively. It was very strong acidity and far lower than that of Kwangnung. Also the content amount of Mg++ in Namsan & Piwon forest were still lower than Kwangnung.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.54-60
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• 2018

The data acquired from seismic exploration can be used to detect the existence of oil and gas resources through appropriate processing and interpretation. The seismic attributes indicating the existence of resources are extracted from amplitude information, where the Q-factor representing intrinsic attenuation plays an useful role of hydrocarbon indicator. So, the accuracy of Q-factor estimation is very important to investigate the existence of resources. In this study, we calculated the Q-factor and analyzed the error rate through a numerical example. To mimic real data, random noise was added to the synthetic data. With the noise-added data, the Q-factor was estimated and the error rate was analyzed by using the spectral ratio method (SRM) and peak frequency shift method (PFSM). Both methods provided a relatively accurate Q-factor when the signal-to-noise ratio was 90 dB. However, the peak frequency shift method (PFSM) produced better results than the spectral ratio method (SRM) as the level of random noise increased.