• 교육시설
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.86-95
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• 2007

This study clarifies the theoretical background and the floor plan characteristics of component schools in Small Schools Complexes. The recent researches have proved the enhancement of students' social relationship and school security in the new school environment. The findings fur the characteristics by analyzing the component schools from six school complexes follow: (1) Students can access their classrooms in component schools through main entrances, shared corridors and private corridors. (2) Teachers' area is segregated from students' area, which does not encourage the social relationship between teachers and students. (3) Some of special classrooms, which are generally considered as shared facilities in a Small Schools Complex, are planned within component schools for accommodating specialized educational programs. (4) A component school occupying multiple floors reduces Intelligibility of space and chances of users' visual contact to colleagues. Finally, this study proposed the alternative floor planning directions in order to improve users' social relationship in a component school.

• 교육시설 논문지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.3-11
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• 2015

Nowadays, the number of school students in rural area has decreased significantly. For this reason, there are mixed classes among students of different grades in schools in rural area. Moreover, there are several teachers who teach two and more subjects except for the major of teacher so educational environment has been deteriorated. To tackle this problem, the ministry of education has suggested merging small schools in rural area. However, some people believe that merging small schools would make educational environment more worse and would not solve this problem. To solve this problem, this research suggests that the proper solution for educational environment of merging small schools through surveying environment of merging schools.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.78-83
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• 2005

The purpose of this project is to create small parks in elementary schools in order to improve the educational environment and also to increase the amount of greenspace in the city. Above all, the main goal is to create space for local residents in which they can enjoy their leisure time. During a basic investigation and document investigation of elementary schools in Daegu, I placed the priority on choosing the schools that showed the most promise. Also, by doing a survey about the present conditions at schools, I verified, compared, and analyzed the validity of creating small parks in elementary schools. The summary of the results are as follows. The average area available for building small parte in Daegu elementary schools is $7,447m^2$. Even though this area is not as large as a neighborhood parti the difference is not that great. Therefore, I assumed that building small parks in schools would be as effective as building neighborhood parks. The standard size for a children's parks is $1,500m^2$, and if small parks were to be constructed in all school areas with available space larger than a children's park (i.e., larger than $1,500m^2$), the amount of added park greenspace would equal $1,217,953m^2$. The number of schools with areas under $1,500m^2$ is only 3% of all schools in which small parte can be created(5 schools). Schools that have between $1,500m^2$ and $8,000m^2$of greenspace make up 59.7% of all schools in which small parte can be created (98 schools). Schools that have greenspace of more than $8,000m^2$ make up 37% of all school in which small parks can be created (61 schools). The standard area for neighborhood parte is $10,000m^2$ (building-to-land ratio 20%). Schools that have areas that are larger than the standard area for neighborhood parte make up 31% of all elementary schools in Daegu (61 schools). Therefore city greenspace would increase to a total of $694,805m^2$ by making use of these schools, which would represent 7% of the park greenspace in Daegu.

• 교육녹색환경연구
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.54-64
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• 2018

경상남도 8개시와 9개 군지역 총 17개시 482 개교 학생수와 학급수 조사 분석을 실시하여 적정규모 정책에 대한 기초자료를 제공하고자 실시한 본 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 경상남도 8개시 동지역의 전체 206개 초등학교중 대규모 학교가 65개교(31.6 %), 적정규모 학교는 107개교(51.9 %)로 대부분을 차지하고 있고, 300명 미만의 소규모 학교는 35개교(17.0 %)로 나타났다. 시 읍면지역내 초등학교 138개교중 대규모 학교는 16개교(11.6 %), 적정규모학교는 25개교(18.1 %)로 적은데 비하여 소규모학교가 97개교(70.3 %)로 대부분을 차지하고 있고, 이중 150명 미만의 소규모 학교는 14개교(10.1 %)를 차지하고 있다. 둘째, 경상남도 9개 군 지역의 전체 137개 초등학교중 대규모 학교가 3개교(2.2 %), 적정규모 학교는 17개교(12.4 %)로 적은 편이며, 300명 미만의 소규모 학교는 117개교(85.4 %)로 이중 150명 미만의 소규모 학교가 111개교(81.0 %)로 대부분을 차지하고 있다. 셋째, 시 동지역, 시 읍면지역, 군지역으로 세분하여 분석한 결과 시 동지역과 달리 시 읍면지역과 군지역에서는 소규모 학교와 극소규모학교가 대부분을 차지하고 있었다. 따라서 시 읍면지역과 군지역 학교 교육환경을 고려한 시지역 학교와 차별화된 시 읍면지역과 군지역의 특성을 고려한 적정규모 정책 수립이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.85-95
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• 2018

This research aimed to identify transition process of invigoration project of the small-scale schools and status of promoting project of multi-family housing for rental and vacant housing remodeling in Jeju-do, Korea. The results are followings. First, invigoration project of the small-scale schools had been started in villages communities themselves and was institutionalized to local government. To invigorate the small-scale schools was started vacant housing remodeling first in the village itself from 1992. After twenty years had passed, the project was institutionalized to local government in 2013. Second, to enact ordinances about invigoration project of the small-scale schools is the accomplishment of participations and activities of residents who predicted decreasing the number of students in elementary schools. These activities have influenced their communities positively. Finally, to supply multi-family housing for rental or to remodel vacant housing is more effective in increasing residents through influx of students of elementary schools. The average number of students increased from 56.8 in 2013 to 73 in 2018 in 30 elementary schools targeted for invigoration project of the small-scale schools. In particular, the effect in schools targeted the project of rental housing is shown more than schools targeted the project in vacant housing remodeling. In addition, low ratio in the number of closed school is shown in Jeju-do.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.99-111
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• 2019

저출산과 도심공동화현상으로 소규모학교의 수는 점차 증가할 전망이다. 이런 추세에서 이제까지 교육부가 1982년 이후 학교 통폐합시 지속적으로 학생 수를 기준으로 삼아 온 것은 지방교육재정 효율화를 위한 것이라 하더라도 오히려 농산어촌 교육의 악순환 구조를 발생시켰을 뿐만 아니라 현실적 요건과 시대변화를 충분히 반영하지 못한 것으로 보인다. 학생 수의 지속적 감소 속에 학생 수를 기준으로 통폐합시 도시지역에서도 학교없는 마을들이 생겨날 가능성이 높기 때문이다. 이런 점에서 경제적 논리를 앞세워 소규모학교들을 통폐합하기보다는 지역적 특성 및 사회경제적 환경을 고려한 작은 학교 살리기가 바람직하다고 본다. 학교와 마을의 상생뿐만 아니라 21세기 지식 정보화사회 및 4차 산업혁명 시대에 필요한 인력 양성을 위해서도 소규모 학교 운영을 통해 교육의 질을 높이는 방향으로의 전환이 필요하다고 본다. 이에 지역사회 소규모 학교를 확산시키고 미래 사회 변화에 적합한 소규모 학교로 발전시키기 위한 과제들을 모색하였다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.67-78
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• 2015

The purpose of the study was to present a model of WHO Health Promoting School easily applicable to small-sized schools in rural areas. Methods: The study analyzed data of 11 small-sized schools in rural areas selected from 85 health promoting schools, an initiative led by the Ministry of Education from 2012 to 2014. Results: Through the analysis, the study found out the operation process of health promoting schools consists of five stages: system development, needs survey & survey on current status, school health policy development, program development & execution, and evaluation. In addition, the study was able to discover three key factors in operating health promoting schools: connection with curriculum, connection with community, and consensus among members. While it turned out the schools were following operation manuals faithfully, the biggest problem with operation was that the stages of needs survey, priority setting, and core task development were not closely coordinated. Conclusion: Although the model suggested in the study fails to reflect the characteristics of small-sized schools in rural areas, it is close to a universal model which could serve as a guideline when regular schools adopt the system of health promoting schools.

• 교육시설 논문지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.11-20
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• 2013

According to the decrease in birth rate and reduction of population, many schools in rural area have brought about the r decrease of number of student, and environment of education have became deteriorated. Accordingly, small schools be required improvement, and it should be altered placement of schools because it change number of student, distance and time of attending school, and formation of school zone are changed by alternating of human and physical environment. Merger and abolition of small schools are inevitable for change of placement standard to school and qualitative improvement of environment of education in rural area. This study researches the user's satisfaction at the boarding middle school following the merge and abolition of small schools in rural area. Finally, it reports the results of satisfaction research: the users are generally satisfied with education and student school life in the unified dormitory school.

• 교육시설 논문지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2019

Current, integrated schools are small schools in rural areas and old towns with declining population, or special purpose middle and high schools. And new residential districts in urban areas including Seoul have also been established in integrated schools. In particular, the number of school of central investment evaluation for integrated schools in urban areas is increasing. In this way, integrated schools, which have been mostly implemented in small rural areas, are being introduced as new ways to establish schools in urban housing development areas where the number of students is small or the number of students is difficult to predict. However, many studies of integrated school have been limited to appropriate scaling of small schools in rural areas, school management methods, and satisfaction surveys. The study of integrated school in urban areas is also focused on the study of architectural planning. In addition, there were limitations in suggesting the comprehensive establishment plan of schools or approaching urban planning when developing housing complexes. The purpose of this study is to suggest efficient establishment plan of integrated school in the development of urban housing complexes.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.704-714
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• 1997

The purpose of this survey was to investigate the operation and the environment of foodservice in elementary schools nationwide. A questionnaire about foodservice management to practice and foodservice operation was mailed to dietitians of each school . Of the 1, 416 schools that participated in this survey, 388 schools were selected for analysis. The main results of this study are as follows. More schools in small cities . Education levels of dietitians were significantly different from area to area. Mean total length of employment for dietitians at school foodservice was 4.7 years and varied significantly by area and the type of foodservice system. Foodservice has been operated for 2-5 years in most of schools. Schools in large cities served more people than those in small cities and rural areas. Also , schools adapting conventional foodservice system served more people than those adapting commissary or joint management system. Foodservice expense also veried significantly by area and foodservice systems. Mean foodservice expense per meal were significantly higher in schools adapting commissary system than those adapting other systems. Most schools employed dietitians, cooks, and assistant cooks, but not engineers not drivers. Mothers of students were working voluntarily. The degree of participation by mothers in cooking , serving , and cleaning was higher in schools of small cities and rural areas than those in large cities, in schools adapting commissary or joint management system than those adapting conventional system. Education and training ranked as personnel management had one of the hardest tasks. Education and training of employees were also difficult for dietitians, especially in commissary or joint management systems. Percentage of schools having separate lunchroom was higher in small cities rural areas than in large cities, in joint management or commissary system than conventional system. Most difficult matters in serving was the portion control. Over 40% of schools did not use standard recipes. Menu cycles were shorter in schools in small cities and rural areas which adapted the joint management system than area other schools. Except refrigerators, thermos , display racks, sterilizers, sinks, worktables, and table, all other equipment were insufficient in most of schools. More than half of the schools didn't have rice cookers, flatware racks, and distributing carts which are stated plainly in detailed enforcement regulations for school foodservice. Cooking equipments were described as the most needed by dietians. According to the results of this survey, many and urgent problems need to be addressed improve the quality of school foodservice . Lunchroom setups, effective personnel management and expenses, recipes standardization, serving size control and regular checking and repairing of equipments are all problems to be addressed.