• 식물병연구
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.121-125
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• 2004

2000년도와 2001년도에 남부지방(구례, 별교, 영암)의 시설 내 오이재배지에서 갈색무늬병에 피해가 심하였다. 잎에서 전형적인 수침상 병반이 생기고 초기에 황색 halo를 지닌 갈색반점이 생긴 후 점차 불규칙하고 큰 병반으로 진전되어 때때로 낙엽을 유발하였다. 감염잎으로부터 분리한 병원균은 분생자경에 연쇄상 혹은 단일 분생포자를 형성하였고 분생포자는 거의 무색에서 올리브 갈색 내지는 갈색을 띠었으며 모양은 7-11개의 위격벽을 지닌 원통형,역곤봉형, 직립형, 만곡형 등이었다. 또한 분리 병원균의 ITS영역의 염기서열은 Corynespora cassciicola와 일치하였다. 형태적, ITS영역 분석을 기초로 분리된 병원균은 C. cassiicola로 동정하였다. 병원균의 생육은 3$0^{\circ}C$ Czapek Solution Agar 배지에서 가장 좋았으며, 발병환경 조사 결과 3$0^{\circ}C$에서 18시간 이상 습전시간이 유지될 때 발병이 높아, 고온과 식물의 긴 습전기간이 발병량의 증가를 가져오는 요인이었다. 또한 국내 품종들을 대상으로 오이갈색무늬병에 대한 감수성과 저항성 품종들을 선발하였다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.97-100
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• 2010

2009년 진주시 수곡면 딸기 노지재배 육묘 포장과 하동군 옥종면 촉성재배 시설하우스 딸기포장에서 병이 발생하였다. 병징은 잎에 수침상의 작은 반점이 서서히 생기면서 엽맥의 주위에 다각형의 모무늬 병반이 나타나고 노란색의 달무리가 형성하는 것이 특징이다. 병든 잎은 서서히 시들고 암갈색으로 말라 죽는다. YDC 배지 상에서 병원균의 균총은 노란색을 띤 오랜지 색소를 분비하며 둥근 콜로니를 형성하고 단극모를 가지고 있다. 딸기에 접종한 결과 병원성이 잘 나타났다. 이상과 같이 딸기에 발생한 병정, 병원균의 특징 및 병원성을 검정한 결과 Xanthomonas fragariae에 의한 딸기 세균성모무늬병으로 동정하였다.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.189-195
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• 2005

Several models predict large and potentially abrupt ocean circulation changes due to anthropogenic greenhouse-gas emissions. These circulation changes drive-in the models-considerable oceanic oxygen trend. A sound estimate of the observed oxygen trends can hence be a powerful tool to constrain predictions of future changes in oceanic deepwater formation, heat and carbon dioxide uptake. Estimating decadal scale oxygen trends is, however, a nontrivial task and previous studies have come to contradicting conclusions. One key potential problem is that changes in the historical observation network might introduce considerable errors. Here we estimate the likely magnitude of these errors for a subset of the available observations in the Southern Ocean. We test three common data analysis methods south of Australia and focus on the decadal-scale trends between the 1970's and the 1990's. Specifically, we estimate errors due to sparsely sampled observations using a known signal (the time invariant, temporally averaged, World Ocean Atlas 2001) as a negative control. The crossover analysis and the objective analysis methods are for less prone to spatial sampling location biases than the area averaging method. Subject to numerous caveats, we find that errors due to sparse sampling for the area averaging method are on the order of several micro-moles $kg^{-1}$. for the crossover and the objective analysis method, these errors are much smaller. For the analyzed example, the biases due to changes in the spatial design of the historical observation network are relatively small compared to the tends predicted by many model simulations. This raises the possibility to use historic oxygen trends to constrain model simulations, even in sparsely sampled ocean basins.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.8-18
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• 2015

Reduction of the fuel oil consumption and corresponding greenhouse gas exhausted from ships is an important issue for today's ship design and shipping. Several concepts and devices on the superstructure of a container ship were suggested and tested in the wind tunnel to estimate the air drag reduction. As a preliminary performance evaluation, air drag contributions of each part of the superstructure and containers were estimated based on RANS simulation respectively. Air drag reduction efficiency of shape modification and add-on devices on the superstructure and containers was also estimated. Gap-protectors between containers and a visor in front of upper deck were found to be most effective for drag reduction. Wind tunnel tests had been carried out to confirm the drag reduction performance between the baseline(without any modification) configuration and two modified superstructure configurations which were designed and chosen based on the computation results. The test results with the modified configurations show considerable aerodynamic drag reduction, especially the gap-protectors between containers show the largest reduction for the wide range of heading angles. RANS computations for three configurations were performed and compared with the wind tunnel tests. Computation result shows the similar drag reduction trend with experiment for small heading angles. However, the computation result becomes less accurate as heading angle is increasing where the massively separated flow is spread over the leeward side.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2000년도 The 7th International Symposium
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• pp.114-115
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• 2000

Aralia elata is found in mountain areas all over Korean peninsula. Aralia elata is the scientific name for Japanese angelica tree. The tree belongs to the family Araliaceae, commonly known as ginseng family. Bud sprouts from apical shoot tip of the plants are rich in flavor and thus mainly used for both folk medicine and vegetable. The stalks with apical buds are gathered in the early spring and planted in sandy soil or water in the greenhouse. The sprouting buds are then collected and sold as fresh vegetable. Although the plants have been used for food, they have been cultivated in a very small scale. In spring, local farmers just go around mountain areas to search the trees and gather the stalks as much as they get and sell them to the market. No conservation efforts have been made to stop the exploitation or to save the dwindling population. We tried to provide local farmers with the plants that may be used as an alternative to stalks from wild populations. This will bel! p conserve the wild populations. However, it is hard to propagate them either by conventional cuttings or by seed germination in a short period of time. Mass propagation using tissue culture systems have shown a great promise with several woody plants. Recently we developed a mass propagation technique via somatic embryogenesis system using mature and/or juvenile explants for Aralia elata. Several factors affecting somatic embryogenesis system including SE(somatic embryo) induction, embryogenic callus proliferation, SE germination, plant regeneration and transplanting to field frill be presented. And some problems arising for the somatic embryogenesis system will be also discussed.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.34-39
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• 2017

현재까지 에너지의 지속적인 요구는 대부분 화석연료에 의해 충족되고 있다. 하지만 화석연료의 한계성과 온실가스 발생 등의 환경문제로 인해 새로운 대체에너지 연구 개발에 대한 관심이 크다. 탈수 하수 슬러지를 연료 에너지로 전환하기 위해 슬러지 촤와 흑연의 두 가지 열수용체를 적용한 경우 마이크로웨이브 열분해 특성을 파악하였다. 두 수용체 모두 열분해 생성물 발생량은 가스, 슬러지 촤 그리고 타르 순으로 생성되었다. 열분해의 경우 생성가스의 주성분은 수소와 메탄이고 일부 경질 탄화수소 등이 포함되었다. 흑연 수용체의 경우 중질타르가 다량 발생되었고, 많은 양의 경질탄화수소가 발생되었다. 이 상의 실험결과로 볼 때 탈수 하수 슬러지의 마이크로웨이브 열분해에 의해 생성된 가스를 연료로 이용이 가능하지만, 가스 중에 함유된 응축성 PAH 타르를 처리해야 한다.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.263-268
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• 1997

다래(A. arguta)의 절간조직을 절편체로하여 식물생장조절제의 종류와 광조건이 shoot 형성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였으며 아울러 기내발근을 통하여 다래로부터 완전한 식물체를 재분화시킬 수 있는 실험체제를 확립하였다. 절간절편체는 3.0 mg/L의 zeatin이 단독첨가된 배지에 암배양한 경우 62.5%로 높은 shoot 형성률을 나타내었다. 0.5mg/L NAA가 포함된 WPM 배지에 4주 동안 배양하여 발근시킨 식물체는 vermiculite와 perlite 가 1:1(v/v)로 혼합된 배양토에 1주간 순화시킨 후 일반토양에 이식한 결과, 완전한 식물체로 생장시킬 수 있었다. 다래의 절간절편체를 shoot 유도배지에 배양하여 shoot의 형성과정을 발달단계별로 조직학적인 측면에서 관찰한 결과, 배양초기에는 신장되거나 모양이 다양한 무정형의 세포가 대부분이었으나 배양이 진전됨에 따라 세포의 크기가 작고 세포질이 충만한 분열조직군이 형성되면서 이들로부터 장차 shoot로 발달될 shoot primordia가 형성되는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다.

• 통합자연과학논문집
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.131-167
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• 2009

Global warming is regarded as one of the most critical issues that should be taken care of by the entire global community as it threatens the survival of mankind. South Korea, in particular, undergoes faster warming than the average rate of global warming. South Korea has revealed various warming rates and trends being surrounded by sea on three sides and having complex terrains dominated by mountains. The rates vary according to regions and their urbanization and industrialization. Differences also derive from seasons and weather elements. Changes to the highest, mean, and lowest temperature are also different according to the characteristics of regions and observatories, which is more apparent where the force of artificial weather applies. In an urban area, temperature gaps tend to decrease as the lowest temperature rises more than the highest temperature. Meanwhile, temperature gaps grow further in a coastal or country region where the force of artificial weather is small and the force of natural weather prevails. In this study, the investigator analyzed the changes to the weather elements of 11 observation spots that had gone through no changes in terms of observation environment since 1961, were consecutively observed, and had the quality of their observation data monitored on an ongoing basis. Using the results, I tried to identify natural and artificial causes affecting certain spots. Located on the east coast of the Asian Continent, South Korea sees weather changing very dynamically. Having huge influences on our weather, China has achieved very rapid industrialization for the last 30 years and produced more and more greenhouse gases and air pollution due to large-size development projects. All those phenomena affect our weather system in significant ways. Global warming continues due to various reasons with regional change differences. Thus the analysis results of the study will hopefully serve as basic data of weather statistics with which to set up countermeasures against climate changes.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2000년도 제7차 국제 심포지움(생약자원개발에 관한연구) 및 추계정기 학술발표회 초록집
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• pp.16-17
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• 2000

Aralia elata is found in mountain areas all over Korean peninsula. Aralia elata is the scientific name for Japanese angelica tree. The tree belongs to the family Araliaceae, commonly known as ginseng family. Bud sprouts from apical shoot tip of the plants are rich in flavor and thus mainly used for both folk medicine and vegetable. The stalks with apical buds are gathered in the early spring and planted in sandy soil or water in the greenhouse. The sprouting buds are then collected and sold as fresh vegetable. Although the plants have been used for food, they have been cultivated in a very small scale. In spring, local farmers just go around mountain areas to search the trees and gather the stalks as much as they get and sell them to the market. No conservation efforts have been made to stop the exploitation or to save the dwindling population. We tried to provide local farmers with the plants that may be used as an alternative to stalks from wild populations. This will hel! p conserve the wild populations. However, it is hard to propagate them either by conventional cuttings or by seed germination in a short period of time. Mass propagation using tissue culture systems have shown a great promise with several woody plants. Recently we developed a mass propagation technique via somatic embryogenesis system using mature and/ or juvenile explants for Aralia elata. Several factors affecting somatic embryogenesis system including SE(somatic embryo) induction, embryogenic callus proliferation, SE germination, plant regeneration and transplanting to field will be presented. And some problems arising for the somatic embryogenesis system will be also discussed.lso discussed.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.513-520
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• 2018

Since Paris Climate Change Conference in 2015, many policies to reduce the emission of greenhouse gas have been accelerating, which are mainly related to renewable energy resources and micro-grid. Presently, the technology development and demonstration projects are mostly focused on diversifying the power resources by adding wind turbine, photo-voltaic and battery storage system in the island-type small micro-grid. It is expected that the large-scaled micro-grid projects based on the regional district and town/complex city, e.g. the block type micro-grid project in Daegu national industrial complex will proceed in the near future. In this case, the economic cost or the carbon emission can be optimized by the efficient operation of energy mix and the appropriate construction of electric and heat supplying facilities such as cogeneration, renewable energy resources, BESS, thermal storage and the existing heat and electricity supplying networks. However, when planning a large residential town or city, the concrete plan of the energy infrastructure has not been established until the construction plan stage and provided by the individual energy suppliers of water, heat, electricity and gas. So, it is difficult to build the efficient energy portfolio considering the characteristics of town or city. This paper introduces an energy mix optimization(EMO) method to determine the optimal capacity of thermal and electric resources which can be applied in the design stage of the real large-scaled residential town or city, and examines the feasibility of the proposed method by applying the real heat and electricity demand data of large-scale residential towns with thousands of households and by comparing the result of HOMER simulation developed by National Renewable Energy Laboratory(NREL).