• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.207-215
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• 2005

We present a finite difference solution for electrokinetic flow in rectangular microchannels encompassing Navier's fluid slip phenomena. The externally applied body force originated from between the nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann field around the channel wall and the flow-induced electric field is employed in the equation of motion. The basic principle of net current conservation is applied in the ion transport. The effects of the slip length and the long-range repulsion upon the velocity profile are examined in conjunction with the friction factor. It is evident that the fluid slip counteracts the effect by the electric double layer and induces a larger flow rate. Particle streak imaging by fluorescent microscope and the data processing method developed ourselves are applied to straight channel designed to allow for flow visualization of dilute latex colloids underlying the condition of simple fluid. The reliability of the velocity profile determined by the flow imaging is justified by comparing with the finite difference solution. We recognized the behavior of fluid slip in velocity profiles at the hydrophobic surface of polydimethylsiloxane wall, from which the slip length was evaluated for different conditions.

• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.20-26
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• 2008

Nanoimprint lithography(NIL) is becoming next generation lithography of significant interest due to its low cost and a potential patterning resolution of 10nm or less. Success of the NIL relies on the adequate conditions of pressure, temperature and time. To have the adequate conditions for NIL, one has to understand the polymer flowing behavior during the imprinting process. In this paper, an analytical approach of polymer flow in thermal NIL was performed based on the squeeze flow with partial slip boundary conditions. Velocity profiles and pressure distributions of the polymer flow were obtained and imprinting forces and residual thickness were predicted with the consideration of the slip velocity between the polymer and the mold/substrate. The results show that the consideration of the slip is very important for investigating the polymer flow in Thermal NIL.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.1274-1280
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• 2001

The fretting wear behavior of the contact between Zircaloy-4 tube and Inconel 600, which are used as the fuel rod cladding and grid, respectively, in PWR nuclear power plants was investigated in air. In the study, number of cycles, slip amplitude and normal load were selected as the main factors of fretting wear. The results indicated that wear increased with load, slip amplitude and number of cycles but was affected mainly by the slip amplitude. SEM micrographs revealed the characteristics of fretting wear features on the surface of the specimens such as stick, partial slip and gross slip which depended on the slip amplitude. It was found that fretting wear was caused by the crack generation along the stick-slip boundaries due to the accumulation of plastic flow at small slip amplitudes and by abrasive wear in the entire contact area at high slip amplitudes.

• KSTLE International Journal
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2006

Knudsen number is the ratio of molecular mean free path versus mm thickness and the criterion to determine the flow form. When its value is lower than 0.01, the flow can be assumed to has no slip boundary condition. And in the case that the value is between 0.01 and 10, then the flow has slip boundary condition at both the adjacent walls. The condition of the air flow between the rotating journal and top foil in the air foil bearing is determined by the rotating speed and load, and the Knudsen number is also varied by those values. Because the molecular mean free path is variable to the pressure and temperature, more exact formulation is necessary to understand and analyze the flow regime. In this study, the analysis considering Knudsen number formulated with those variables (pressure, temperature and mm thickness) was executed. The approximate value was examined using the equation to confirm whether the flow has the slip or no-slip boundary condition. From the analytic investigation, it was decided to range approximately 0.01 to 1.0 and the flow can be supposed to have the slip boundary condition. Under the condition of the slip flow, the static characteristics of the air foil bearing were examined using modified Reynolds equations. The results were compared with those considering no slip condition. It shows that the slip condition makes the flow decelerates and the load carrying capacity decreases compared with no slip condition. And as the bearing number and eccentricity ratio increase, the load carrying capacity also increased at both the cases. From this result, it can be supposed that the bearing torque also increases. In the analysis of the dynamic characteristics, the perturbed Knudsen number was taken into consideration. Because the Knudsen number is expressed as the terms of each variable, the perturbed equation can be simply derived. The results of both cases considering and not considering Knudsen number were compared each other. In the case of the direct terms of the stiffness and damping coefficients, the difference between both cases was little and increased as the bearing number and eccentricity ratio increased. And the cross terms have less or more differences.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2014

The lattice Boltzmann (LB) method has been used to simulate rarefied gas flows in a micro-system as an alternative tool. However, previous results were mainly focused on a simple geometry with flat walls because the LB method is modeled on uniform Cartesian lattices. When previous boundary conditions for the microflows are applied to curved walls, the use of them requires approximation of the curved boundary by a series of stair steps, and introduces additional errors. For macroflows, no-slip curved wall boundary treatments have been developed remarkably in order to overcome these limits. However, the investigations for the slip curved wall boundary have rarely been performed for microflows. In this work, a curved boundary treatment of the LB method for a slip flow has been introduced. The results of the LB method for 2D microchannel and 3D microtube flows are in excellent agreement with the analytical solutions.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.2197-2202
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• 2006

The steady hydromagnetic flow due to a rotating disk is studied with heat transfer considering the ion slip. The governing equations are solved numerically using finite differences. The results show that the inclusion of the ion slip has important effects on the velocity distribution as well as the heat transfer.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 유체기계공업학회 2002년도 유체기계 연구개발 발표회 논문집
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• pp.111-115
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• 2002

The objective of this work is to develop improved slip factor model and correction method to predict flow through impeller in forward-curved centrifugal fan by investigating the validity of various slip factor models. Both steady and unsteady three-dimensional CFD analyses were performed with a commercial code tn validate the slip factor model and the correction method. The results show that the improved slip factor model presented in this paper could provide more accurate predictions for forward-curved centrifugal impeller than the other slip factor models since the presented model takes into account the effect of blade curvature. The comparison with CFD results also shows that the improved slip factor model coupled with the present correction method provides accurate predictions for mass-averaged absolute circumferential velocity at the exit of impeller near and above the flow rate of peaktotal pressure coefficient.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.46-51
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• 2009

The slip effect from the molecular interaction between fluid particles and solid surface atoms plays a key role in microscale fluid transport and heat transfer since the relative importance of surface forces increases as the size of the system decreases to the microscale. There exist two models to describe the slip effect: the Maxwell slip model in which the slip correction is made on the basis of the degree of shear stress near the wall surface and the Langmuir slip model based on a theory of adsorption of gases on solids. In this study, as the first step towards developing a general purpose numerical code of the compressible Navier-Stokes equations for computational simulations of microscale fluid flow and heat transfer, two slip models are implemented into a finite element numerical code of a simplified equation. In addition, a pressure-driven gas flow in a microchannel is investigated by the numerical code in order to validate numerical results.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.2267-2275
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• 2013

기존의 천수흐름 해석 상용모형에서는 내부 경계조건을 단순히 완전활동조건으로 가정하여 유체의 흐름을 해석함으로써 구조물 주위에서의 유속, 와도, 수위, 전단력의 분포, 항력 및 양력의 시간에 따른 변화 등을 올바르게 해석하지 못하였다. 본 연구에서는 구조물 주위에서의 흐름특성을 정확하게 예측할 수 있는 유한요소모형을 개발하고, 구조물에서의 경계조건을 활동길이를 이용한 부분활동조건으로 묘사하여 내부경계조건에 따른 원형 실린더 후면에서의 층류 흐름특성을 분석하였다. 종횡방향 유속 및 와도의 시간에 따른 변화, 후류길이, 활동길이에 따른 와류열의 변화와 질량보존율을 비교한 결과 완전활동조건을 부여한 경우에는 와류열이 전혀 형성되지 않고 완전한 층류흐름이 발생하였다. 부분활동조건을 입력한 경우 실린더 표면에서의 유속분포가 변화되어 전단력의 크기와 와도의 발생에 영향을 미치므로 무활조건을 부여한 경우에 비해 와류열의 발생 주기가 짧아졌다. 최대 질량보존 오차는 무활조건을 적용한 경우 0.73%로 나타났으며, 무활조건에 비해 부분활동조건을 부여한 경우의 오차율이 최대 0.21% 감소하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.2585-2596
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• 1994

Many particle filled materials like Poweder/Binder mixtures for poweder injection moldings, have complicated rheological behaviors such as an yield stress and slip phenomena. In the present study, numerical simulation programs via a finite element method and a finite difference method were developed for the quasi-three-dimensional flows and the two-dimensional flow models, respectively, with the slip phenomena taken into account in terms of a slip velocity. In order to qualitatively understand the slip effects, typical numerical results such as vector plots, pressure contours in the cross-channel plane, and isovelocity controus for the down-channel direction were discussed with respect to various slip coefficients. Slip velocities along the boudary surfaces were also investigated to find the effects of the slip coefficient and processing conditions on the overall flow behavior. Based on extensive numerical calculations varying the slip coefficients, pressure gradient, aspect ratio, and power law index, the screw characteristics of the extrusion process were studied in particular with comparisons between the slip model and non-slip model.