• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• v.y2004m10
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• pp.71-76
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• 2004

This paper investigate that the effect of the concrete containing mineral admixtures(pozzolanic materials such as fly-ash, ground granulated blast-furnace slag, silica fume and meta kaolin) on the resistance properties to chloride ion invasion. The purposed testing procedure was applied to the concrete added mineral admixtures for $3\sim4$ replacement ratios under W/B ratios ranged from 0.40 to 0.55. Specimens were immersed in $3.6\%$ NaCl solution for 330 days, and penetration depth, water soluble chloride contents and acid soluble chloride contents were measured in 28, 91, 182 and 330 days. Then, diffusion coefficient were calculated using total chloride contents. As a results. the kinds of mineral admixture and replacement ratios had a great effect on the resistance property of the concrete to chloride ion invasion compared with the plain concrete. And the optimal replacement ratios of mineral admixture had a limitation for each admixtures. The amount of acid soluble chloride ions and water soluble chloride ions were varied with the kinds of mineral admixtures and the penetration depth from the concrete skin. Chloride diffusion coefficient of each concretes decreased with the time elapsed. and the diffusion coefficients of the concrete immersed salt water for 330 days had a establishment with the compressive strength measured before immersing.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.78-84
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• 2010

Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) is an inflammatory disorder that's characterized by daily, spiking high fever, arthritis and an evanescent, salmon-pink rash. AOSD is diagnosed purely on the basis of the typical clinical features of the illness. The symptoms commonly include swelling of the lymph nodes, enlargement of the spleen and liver, and a sore throat. AOSD is difficult to differentiate from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) due to the similar clinical manifestations. We report here on a case of a 16-year-old female patient with autism and epilepsy and who complained of daily spiking fever for 20 days. The patient had maculopapular skin rashes on the face and whole body and lymphadenopathy. The liver function tests were elevated mildly. The initial rheumatoid factor (RF) and antinuclear antibody (ANA) tests were negative. We diagnosed her as having adult-onset Still's disease according to the criteria of Yamaguchi. We successfully treated her with oral prednisolone. But her antinuclear antibody test was changed to positive after discharge. So we finally diagnosed her as having SLE.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.309-314
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• 2005

This study was to determine whether the massage would enhance the physical relaxation in healthy women, and whether the effects of massage on the relaxation would be different by the applied regions of the body. Five healthy young women participated in the two test sessions of back and lower extremities massage in a chamber controlled at an air temperature of $28^{\circ}C$ and a relative humidity of $50{\pm}5%$. The slow stroke massage with lavender aroma oil for 30 minutes was applied to the subjects with a 10-min. and a 20-min rest time before and after the application, respectively. Rectal temperature decreased and the chest and thigh skin temperatures increased with the massage application, and the changes of the temperatures were greater with lower extremities massage than with back massage. Heart rate also decreased during massage period and tended to be lower with lower extremities massage. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased with lower extremities massage. These results show that the slow stroke massage for 30 minutes can induce physiological responses related with the enhanced relaxation in healthy women, and lower extremities massage is more effective on the physical relaxation rather than back massage.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.2 s.32
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• pp.331-336
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• 1996

We have studied the effect of auricular acupuncture on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). 100 female patients undergoing transabdominal hysterectomy were entered into the study. The patients were divided into two groups (auricular acupuncture treatment group and non-treatment group) to test the effectiveness of auricular acupuncture. acupuncture consisted of needle insertion in one ear at four points: sympathetic, stomach, shinmoon and occiput. Before the operation, the above points were punctured perpendicularly by the thumbtack-type needle, leaving its handle lying flat on the skin surface. There was no significant difference in age, weight, height and duration of anesthesia among the two groups of patients. There was a cignificant difference between the control group and auricular acupuncture treatment group in the incidence of vomiting at the first 12 h after surgery 68% and 30%, respectively, p<0.01) No noteworthy side effects fbom treatment were observed. auricular acupuncture is effective in reducing nausea and vomiting after transabdominal hysterectomy in female patients.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.45-57
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• 1995

A study .to identify an occupational hazards for hospital working health care providers from needle stick injury as an occupational hazards of health care providers in hospital and prevention A survey of 2430 health professionals (2184 nurses, 182 doctors, and 64 Lab technicians) was conducted to describe and provide information about 1) the experience of needle stick. 2) the number of needle stick, 3) the treatment after needle stick. 3) the situation of needle stick, 4) the report of needle stick, 5) the cause of needle stick, 6) the discard method of used needles, and 7) how to worry about getting infection disease after needle stick. Data were collected using questionnarires constructed by the authors and tested by a pilot study. Results of the study showed that 96.7% of the sample had an experience of needle stick (96.8% of the nurses, 96.7% of the doctors, and 92.2% of Lab technicians). Seventy seven percent of the sample experienced less than 10 needle sticks, 19% of the sample experienced 11 to 20 needle sticks, and the rest of the sample experienced more than 20 needle sticks. The situations where needle sticks occurred include intrvenous injection (36.5%), intramuscular injection (21.6%), blood withdraw (17.8%), and preparation(11.8%). The study showed that needle sticks (67.5%) usually occurred after client treatment. Health professionals used recapping method (55%) after they used needles. Needle sticks were predominantly caused by the carelessness of health professionals (61%), After needle sticks, 88.2% of the sample subjects treated needle sticks using disinfection technique by themselves. Most of health professionals (92.6%) did not report the accident. and 95.6% of them did not receive any test or further treatment. After needle sticks, 87.8% of nurses, 83.6% of doctors, and 96.6% of lab technicians worried about hepatitis infection. 'Health professionals also worried about AIDS infection, tetanus, venereal infection, and skin injury. These findings suggest that health professionals are at high-risk of needle stick and fail to report needle stick accidents. They should pay more attention to needle stick in order to avoid unwanted infection.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.82-89
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• 2008

Background: Although a skin test is the primary option for detecting allergen-specific IgE in clinics, the serum IgE immunoassay is also important because it allows for the diagnosis of allergy without any accompanying adverse effect on the patient. However, the low detection limit of IgE levels by immunoassay may restrict the use of the method in some occasions, and improving its sensitivity would thus have a significant implication in allergy-immunology clinics. Methods: In this study, we attempted to detect specific serum IgE by using immuno-polymerase chain reaction (IPCR) which combines the antigen-antibody specificity of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) with the amplification power of PCR. Results: Our results demonstrated that Blo t5-specific serum IgE can be detected by IPCR with a 100-fold higher sensitivity than ELISA, and cross-reactivity of serum IgE to other mite allergens is able to be analyzed by using only $0.3{\mu}l$ of serum sample. Use of real-time IPCR seemed to permit more convenient determination of specific serum IgE as well. Conclusion: We believe that IPCR can serve as a valuable tool in determining specific serum IgE, especially when the amount of serum sample is limited.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.345-353
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• 2001

Thermography는 신체 체표면에서 발생되는 온도를 정량화하는 다양한 방법에 대한 일반적인 표현이다. Electrothermography는 의학분야에서 사용이 증가되고 있는 술식이다. 인체를 포함한 모든 물체는 적외선을 방출한다. 그래서, Wien의 법칙에 따르면, 방출되는 최대에너지에서의 주파수는 체온에 의존한다는 것을 알 수 있다. 따라서, 피부 표면에서 방출되는 적외선을 측정하는 것에 의해 온도가 측정될 수 있다. 최근에는, electrothermography가 만성 구강안면동통 환자의 진단에 있어서 새로운 진단 기기로서 각광을 받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 측두하악관절장애의 증상이 있는 교근, 측두근, 그리고 측두하악관절의 발통점의 피부 온도와 증상이 없는 대측의 피부 온도를 디지틀 적외선 체열 촬영으로 비교하고자 하였다. 측두하악관절장애를 주소로 하고 편측성의 구강안면동통을 호소하는 21명의 내원환자를 선택하였다. 디지틀적외선 체열촬영은 DTI-16-DOREX21(Dorex Inc., U.S.A) 기기를 사용하였다. 발통점 피부에 marker를 부착하고, 좌측과 우측의 color thermogram을 $0.1^{\circ}C$ 해상도로 측정하였다. 본 실험에서 측정한 발통점은 masseter inferior, masseter anterior, temporalis anterior 그리고 TMJ이었다. 증상이 있는 부위와 증상이 없는 대측의 피부온도 차이를 알아보기 위해 paired t-test를 사용하였으며, 실험 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 급성 근육장애 환자에 있어서는 증상이 있는 부위와 증상이 없는 대측과의 피부온도 차이가 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.0075). 2. 만성 근육장애 환자에 있어서는 증상이 있는 부위와 증상이 없는 대측과의 피부온도 차이가 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 볼 수 없었다. 3. 측두하악관절 내장증 환자에 있어서는 증상이 있는 부위와 증상이 없는 대측과의 피부온도 차이가 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 볼 수 없었다. 결론적으로 적외선 체열촬영은 급성저작근장애의 진단에 있어서 유용한 진단방법의 한가지로 사료되며, 앞으로 임상적으로 더욱더 심화된 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.41 no.10
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• pp.820-826
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• 2013

In this paper, a compact and wideband CLAS(Conformal Load bearing Antenna Structure) was studied using smart skin technique. In order to satisfy the electrical performance of the CLAS antenna, the proposed CLAS antenna is composed of conductive mesh, face-sheet, radiator, honeycomb, housing. Especially, radiator is composed of composite magneto-dielectric material and radiating element etched on the PCB (Printed Circuit Board). The radiating element is inserted into the composite magneto-dielectric material and has sloted Folded LP(Log Periodic) structure. By fabricated composite magneto-dielectric, the resonance frequency is decreased and the impedance matching characteristics is improved. We verified that the antenna has wideband characteristics and compact size using the antenna test results.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.11-21
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• 2011

The most critical issue in free-form buildings is how to construct the free-formed exterior facade panels. Their geometric complexity delivers many cons and problems in fabricating and constructing their shapes. To construct a free-form building, first of all, its skin has to be chopped into small pieces, which is called panelization. After panelization, the panels go through an optimization process to construct them economically. The panel's geometries are modified or regenerated through this optimization process. In this study, the panel optimization process of free-form buildings are performed through a case study. The panel shapes of the case study are modeled with Digital Project. To test the constructability of the various panels, 8 mock-up panels are made and laser scanning technology is applied to measure the preciseness of the panels manufactured in comparison with their original design.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.157-167
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the quality characteristics of the natural dishwashing liquid added with the mixture extracts of Curcuma Longa L. (CL), Morus alba (MA) and Ecklonia cava (EC) at various concentrations. The pH and lightness of the natural dishwashing liquid were reduced by adding the mixture extracts, while the turbidity was increased. The natural dish washing liquid added with mixture extracts was shown to display strong antimicrobial activities against L. monocytogenes compared to that of control. Also, it revealed that antioxidant activity was increased depending on concentrations. However, natural dishwashing liquid added with mixture extracts showed the low detergency efficiency. In sensory evaluation, the natural dishwashing liquid containing CL 0.5%, MA 0.25% and EC 0.25% was preferred than the control and it showed negative result in skin patch test. These results suggest that the addition of CL 0.5%, MA 0.25% and EC 0.25% positively improved the qualities characteristics in the natural dish washing liquid.