• Title/Summary/Keyword: Skill Standard

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A Study on Referents and Inputs in Pay Comparisons (임금비교에 있어서 비교대상 및 비교기준에 관한 연구)

  • Hong, Kwang-Hoon
    • Management & Information Systems Review
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    • v.19
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    • pp.223-241
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    • 2006
  • This study has two purposes. One is to systematize a number of referents and to examine the types of comparisons. The other is to examine categories of comparative standards such as inputs in equity theory. In pay comparison process, referents and inputs are very important elements. The first factor analysis is related to referents, which include 18 variables in 6 categories were subjected to factor analysis. 3 factors emerge with an eigenvalue of 1.0 or greater. Factor I, economic need, includes referents in personal worth and system referent. Factor II, market comparison, includes internal and external referents except one variable(external-peer). Between internal and external referents is not distinguished. This result is corresponded with Hills'(1980) and Hong's(1995) findings. FactorIII is named 'historical/social comparisons'. 14 inputs are subjected to the second factor analysis. 3 factors emerge with an eigenvalue of 1.0 or greater. The 5 variables loading on factor I, equity standard, are responsibility, competency, effort, outcome, and skill. FactorII, equality standard, includes age, gender, and education. FactorIII, seniority standard, includes career and company tenure. All the factors are positively associated with each other. Especially, personal worth is associated with equity standard(r=0.50466). Internal and external referents are associated with any comparative standard.

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A Study on the Quantity Food Production Practices of Foodservice in Sangju and Near-by Region (상주 및 인근지역 단체급식소의 다량조리 실태 연구 -식단분석 및 다량조리 실태-)

  • 박모라;김귀영;박필숙;강우원
    • Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.36-50
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    • 1998
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate quantity food production practices in foodservices by analysing the menus of April, 1996, The questionnaire was developed and responded to by 96 dietitians in Sangju, Munkyung, Gumee, Kimchun, and Andong during November, 1996. The survey was performed by simple random samplings. The results were as follosw; 1. Hospitals and industry served food for thirty days and schools for twenty days. Kimchi was a select-menu for hospitals and one side dish for industry and schools. The type of menu was a single use menu which consisted of cooked rice, soups and three side dishes. 2. The most frequently used ingredients were green onions, rice, carrots, onions, Korean radish roots, pork, eggs, glutinous rice, and milk. Kimchis were served most frequently in all food services and cooked rices and soups were next. 3. The age of most of the respondents was 26 to 30.54.2% of subjects were juniou college graduates and 77.1% were single. Fifty seven point three percent of the dietitians lived with family relatives, or friends. 87.5% of the dietitians had been working for 1 to 5 years. 4. Most foodservices were self-operated. The number of meals served was determined by meal coupon counting in hospitals(37.5%), meal board counting in industry(29.2%), and attendance card counting in schools(41.1%) The cost of sales per meal was approximately 2,450 won in hospitals and was approximately 1,100 won in industry and schools. The average number of days per menucycle was 7.4 in hospitals. 10.3 in industry and 25.5 in schools. Hospitals, industry, and schools held about 118, 265 and 263 recipes respectively. The average number of dietitians was 2.6 in hospitals and 1.0 in industry and schools. Except for the number of recipes, the general practices of foodservices were significantly different(P<0.05). 5. In the general quantity food production, food and seasonings measuring was hardly done. the percentage of foodservices using chemical seasonings was higher in hospitals and industry than in schools. the most important concern was taste, Registered cooks were employed in 75% of schools but only 50.0% in hospitals and 20.8% in industry. Most of the dietitians respinded that their cooks skill was not bad. The education of unregistered cooks was performen once or two times a month in hospitals and industry, and in schools performed everyday. The problem when educating cooks was the lack of cooking skill of the dietitians in schools, and the lack of time in hospitals, and the negative attitude toward education in industry. The method for improving cooking in all foodservices was OJT, or the extension of education facilities and the development and dissemination of standard recipes. The frequency of throwing away leftovers was higher in hospitals. But in industry, the frequency of saving leftovers was higher. 6. Though all foodservices have standard recipes, the number that used them was low, Another problem is that standard recipes resulted in leftovers. The inconveniences of using standard recipes were the difficulty of applying standard recipes to various numbers of customers the complication of use, or facility insufficiency.

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An analytical study on recent school library standards : Britain, United State and Japan (영국. 미국. 일본의 학교도서관 기준 분석)

  • 김효정
    • Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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    • v.25
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    • pp.51-82
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    • 1996
  • This study compare and analyzes recent school library standards in advanced countries including Britain, United States and Japan. The examination is based on the changing process of standards and development of school library in the each countries. To Suggest the model of reasonable standard for the activation of school library in Korea, the study has identified the common elements ; staff, material, environments, management and cooperative system, and learning skill with curriculum of school library standards showed in the each of advanced countries.

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Control of IEEE1394 digital home appliances using AV/C Command Set

  • Kim, Il-Jung;Park, Jong-An
    • 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2001.10a
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    • pp.98.2-98
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    • 2001
  • It is necessary to have enough transmission capacity for advanced internet techniques and various digital home appliances networking. Home appliances interface IEEE1394 technique has much wealthy transmission skill. IEEE1394 is using home appliances through various information form image and voice change data real time print out. In this paper, AVC CTS technology and IEEE1394 technology are introduced. Digital Video Camera includes compression format using DV. System composition control is consisted of protocols like IEC-61883 and AV/C command set standard.

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A Study on Application Method of GT (GT기법의 적용항법에 대한 연구)

  • 이현용;이승우;강경식
    • Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.139-153
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    • 2000
  • To develope a domestic machinery industry, international competition through reducing cost by increasing productivity is as important as evolving technology and increasing quality. In this study, we have studied in application of GT technology. GT is a skill that acquires high productivity using part's resemblance for multi part and small size production like mass production. We have classified group, such as design, layout and the others, to be applied systematically. The design group includes retrieval for drawings and study for GT design. The layout group includes GT layout, analysis of production process and study for composition method. And others include scheduling, standardization and standard process.

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The Causes of Demand Increase and the Real State of Non-Standard Workers (비정형근로자의 활용실태와 수요증가의 원인 -사업체 조사를 중심으로-)

  • Bai, Jin Han
    • Journal of Labour Economics
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.125-162
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    • 2001
  • According to the survey results on non-standard employment, most of the non-standard workers are women and work at service jobs and some jobs that do not require firm-specific skill. Also wages of non-standard workers appear to be lower than those of standard workers by 10~19%. Non-standard workers are very much likely to be excluded from beneficiaries of economic growth because job contents and ability are not important relatively as criteria in determining their basic wage and their benefits are also much lower in severance pay and bonuses, vacations, 4 social insurances, education and training opportunities. Because of very low rate of union membership, the working conditions of non-standard workers are not expected to be improvable easily by unions. It seems that the reason of the demand increase for non-standard workers is mainly because not only an individual establishment demands quantitative flexibility in employment, but also there are tendencies of being smaller in establishment size and of growing service industries macro-economically. The number of non-standard workers are expected to increase continuously in the future, too.

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Science-Engineering Education Crisis, Industry-University Co-op, Job-Skill-Standard and College Mathematics Education (이공계위기, 산학협력, 직무능력표준 및 대학수학교육학)

  • Chung Chy-Bong
    • Communications of Mathematical Education
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    • v.19 no.4 s.24
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    • pp.649-670
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    • 2005
  • The university mathematics education has been in a crisis during the last 10 years. In recent years, the crisis is rapidly amplified with a science-engineering student resource downsizing. In korea, government and industry have intervent several supporting policies to treat the mathematics-science-engineering crisis in university education. In this article, policies and its contents about human reasource development, industry-university co-ops, national skills standards are presented in context of university mathematics education.

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Evaluation of Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET) Proficiency Testing for Water Quality Measurement Agencies in Korea (국내 수질측정대행업에 대한 생태독성 숙련도시험 평가)

  • Park, Woo Sang;Kim, Sang Hun
    • Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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    • v.29 no.4
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    • pp.568-573
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    • 2013
  • In this study, we conducted whole effluent toxicity (WET) proficiency testing based on the results which $EC_{50}$ value of 3 types (A, B, C) unknown samples calculated from 32 water quality measurement agencies in Korea. WET proficiency testing was expected to their improve of analysis skill and ensure reliability of analysis results. Ultimately, it is intended to promote the reliable enforcement of WET. WET proficiency testing was evaluated using the z-score, robust z-score and the results showed that 30 participating agencies were "compliance". In addition, $EC_{50}$ values of "unknown sample A" were the normal distribution. Therefore, "unknown sample A" was considered as the most suitable standard toxicity substance.

A Study on Establising Standards for School Libraries in Korea (한국 학교도서관 기준설정을 위한 연구)

  • Kim Hyo-Jeong
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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    • v.31 no.1
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    • pp.71-104
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    • 1997
  • This study examines the changing process of standard and development of school library in advanced countries including Britain, United States, Japan and Korea. Also, this study compares and analyzes recent school library standards in the each countries. The examination is based on the common elements including staff, material, environments, management, cooperation system, and learning skill showed in the each of advanced countries. Finally, the study suggests the model of reasonable standard for the activation of school library in Korea.

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A Study on Managerial Efficiency in Economic Development (경제발전에 있어서의 경영효율에 관한 연구)

  • 권춘식;배수진
    • Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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    • v.5 no.7
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    • pp.33-42
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    • 1982
  • The standard theory of production treats human and non-human inputs in the same way. Inert Areas Theory drops this assumption. One distinction is obvious. Human capital, the source of human inputs, can not be purchased outright by firms. Usually what is purchased are units of labor time. What is critical is directed effort, at or beyond some level of skill. Direct effort, however, involves choice and motivation, and these are the critical variables left out of the standard theory. Leibenstein introduces the concept of "inert areas" by which he means "a set of effort positions whose associated levels of utility are not equal but in which the action required to go from a lower to a higher utility level involves a utility cost that is not compensated for by the gain in utility." This idea is used when discussing the behavior of firm's management.f firm's management.

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