• 인지과학
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.29-39
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• 2001

Kaplan(2000)은 유사성에서 동일하더라도 대응조건의 사례들이 더 정확하게 범주화된다는 결과를 보고하였다. 이 연구는 Kaplan(2000)의 결과가 연구에서 언어자극이 사용되었기 때문인지를 검토하고 대응효과가 속성에 대한 선택적 주의의 결과인지를 밝히고자 하였다[16]. 실험 1에서는 속성간의 대응이 유사성과 범주화에 모두 영향을 미치는지 그리고 대응되어 있는 속성들이 더 잘 기억되는지를 검토하였다. 그 결과에 따르면 공유속성의 수가 동일하더라도 속성이 대응되어 있으면 자극들이 더 유사하게 평정되었고 범주도 더 빠르고 정화하게 학습되었다. 이러한 결과는 속성간의 대응이 범주내 유사성을 높여 범주학습을 용이하게 하였기 때문이라고 해석될 수 있지만 속성회상검사에서 대응되어 있는 속성이 더 많이 회상된 결과를 볼 때 대응효과가 반드시 유사성에 의존한다고 보기 어렵다. 실험 2에서는 대응효과가 속성에 대한 선택적 주의의 결과인지를 살펴보기 위해 대응범주와 비 대응범주를 정의하는 속성의 수를 동일하게 통제하고 범주화에 적절한 속성에만 주의를 기울이도록 지시하였다. 그 결과를 보면 지시조건과 무관하게 비 대응조건보다 대응조건에서 범주가 더 빨리 학습되었지만 비 대응조건에서는 범주화에 적절한 속성에 주의를 기울이도록 지시한 조건에서 범주가 더 빨리 학습되었고 판단시간도 더 빨랐다. 결론적으로 범주화에서 대응은 범주화에 적절한 차원에 선택적 주의를 하는 과정을 촉진하는 것으로 보인다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.351-362
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• 2000

To set the similarity conditions between a prototype usually in the field and its reduced-scale model is a crucial part in model tests. No technique is available to keep perfect similarity for this procedure so far. The experimental work using a wind tunnel is not exceptional. based on the field measurements, the effect of stack parameters and wind conditions on the dispersion of stack plume has been investigated in the laboratory. in this paper intensive methodology is focused on matching these similarities. Due to the limitations to keep perfect similarity conditions some simplifications are involved in common. In this study geometric conditions and kinematic conditions using Froude number and Reynolds number have been con-sidered to keep the similarity conditions required. From the tests it is found that the critical Reynolds number (Recrit) is 2,700 when the height of stack discharge is 50mm. The dispersion has a similar trend for the higher Reynolds number than the critical Reynolds number. It is also found that different Froude number does not make any significant influence for the normalized tracer gas concentrations at the recipient providing the same ratio of the wind speed to the discharge speed. No significant effect of stack diameter is observed in the normalized tracer gas concentrations with the same Frounde number. The similarity conditions therefore used in this study are reliable to simulate the conditions in prototype into the wind tunnel tests.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.51-60
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• 2016

PURPOSES : The applicability of the mechanics-based similarity concept (suggested by Feng et al.) for determining scaled variables, including length and load, via laboratory-scale tests and discrete element analysis, was evaluated. METHODS: Several studies on the similarity concept were reviewed. The exact scaling approach, a similarity concept described by Feng, was applied in order to determine an analytical solution of a free-falling ball. This solution can be considered one of the simplest conditions for discrete element analysis. RESULTS : The results revealed that 1) the exact scaling approach can be used to determine the scale of variables in laboratory tests and numerical analysis, 2) applying only a scale factor, via the exact scaling approach, is inadequate for the error-free replacement of small particles by large ones during discrete element analysis, 3) the level of continuity of flowable materials such as SCC and cement mortar seems to be an important criterion for evaluating the applicability of the similarity concept, and 4) additional conditions, such as the kinetics of particle, contact model, and geometry, must be taken into consideration to achieve the maximum radius of replacement particles during discrete element analysis. CONCLUSIONS : The concept of similarity is a convenient tool to evaluate the correspondence of scaled laboratory test or numerical analysis to physical condition. However, to achieve excellent correspondence, additional factors, such as the kinetics of particles, contact model, and geometry, must be taken into consideration.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.453-456
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• 2005

Significance verification of electric fabric compared with existing electrode is very useful for the wearable and ubiquitous healthcare. In this paper, we verified the significance between Ag/AgCl electrode and electric fabric in dry-normal condition through heart rate variability analysis. We can find 98 % or more similarity about low frequency and high frequency which is important parameter for the heart rate variability analysis between two different electrodes in experiment. From this result, we confirmed that the power spectral density of low frequency, high frequency component from the electric fabric has high similarity compared with the result of heart rate variability from Ag/AgCl electrode in dry-normal condition.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.596-599
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• 2003

In this paper, a new asymptotic stability condition of continuous fuzzy system is proposed. The new stability condition considers the nonquadratic stability by using the P-matrix measure. Later the relationship of the suggested stability condition and the well-known stability condition is discussed and it is shown in a rigorous manner that the proposed criterion includes the conventional conditions.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.63-70
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• 1994

Laser processing workmen should select the working condition for laser cutting of new materials by the preparatory experiments for that material or from the past experiences in cutting of other similar materials. This paper proposes a criterion to determine how much a material is similar to other materials by using the Sugeno fuzzy integral. With the proposed criterion the laser processing workman can objectify the considered material for his decision. The expert system programmer can give the system a high flexibility by experimenting with some materials in a large range of similarity and can support the laser processing workman by offering the similarity between materials.

• 한국대기환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국대기환경학회 1999년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.189-190
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• 1999

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.773-777
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• 1999

Scale-up experiments for hydrolysis of beef tallow, fat, and palm kernel with lipase derived from Candida cylindracea were carried out in 1-1, 100-1, and 10,000-1 reactors. The optimum agitation speed for the hydrolysis of the 1-1 reactor was investigated and found to be 350rpm, and this was a basis for the scale-up of agitation speed. The hydrolysis system in this work was the oil-water system in which the hydrolysis seems to process a heterogeneous reaction. An emulsion condition was the most important factor for determining the reaction rate of hydrolysis. Therefore, the scale-up of agitation speed was performed by using the power n = 1/3 in an equation of the rules of thumb method. The geometrical similarity for scaling-up turned out to be unsatisfactory in this study. Thus, the working volume per one agitator was used for the scale-up. In the case of scale-up from a 1-1 reactor to a 100-1 reactor, the hydrolysis of palm kernel was very much scaled-up by initiating the rules of thumb method. However, the hydrolysis of fat and beef tallow in a 100-1 reactor was a little higher than that of the 1-1 reactor because of the difference of geometrical similarity. The scale-up of hydrolysis from the 100-1 reactor to the 10,000-1 reactor was improved compared to that of the 1-1 to 100-1 reactor. The present results indicated that the scale-up of hydrolysis in the oil-water system by the rules of thumb method was more satisfactory under the condition of geometrical similarity. Even in the case where geometrical similarity was not satisfactory, the working volume per one agitator could be used for the scale-up of a heterogeneous enzyme reaction.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.353-368
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• 2003

Analogy, based on a similarity, is to infer the properties of the similar object from properties of an object. It can be a very useful thinking tool for learning mathematical patterns and laws, noticing on relational properties among various situations. The purpose of this study, when manipulating hint condition, figure and table conditions and the amount of original learning by using algebra word problems, is to verify the effects of analogical transfer in solving equivalent, isomorphic and similar problems according to the similarity of source problems and target ones. Five study questions were set up for the above purpose. It was 354 first grade students of S and G middle schools in Seoul that were experimented for this study. The data was processed by MANOVA analysis of statistical program, SPSS 10.0. The results of this studies would indicate that most of the students would be poor at solving isomorphic and similar problems in the performance of analogical transfer according to the similarity of source and target problems. Hints, figure and table conditions did not facilitate the analogical transfer. Merely, on the condition that amount of teaming was increased, analogical transfer of the students was facilitated. Therefore, it is necessary to have students do much more analogical problem-solving experience to improve their analogical reasoning ability through the instruction program development in the educational fields.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2010년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.543-543
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• 2010

The objective of this research is estimating the location of interested sound source by using the similarity between a beamformer output in time domain and the candidate signal. The waveform of beamformer output at the location of sound source is similar with the waveform emitted by that source. To estimate the location of sound source by using this feature, we define quantified similarity between candidate signal and beamformer output. The candidate signal describes the signal which is generated by interested source. In this paper, similarity is defined by four methods. The two methods use time vector comparison, and the other two methods use time-frequency map or linear prediction coefficients. To figure out the results and performance of localization by using similarities, we demonstrate two conditions. The one is when two pure tone sources exist and the other condition is when several bird sounds exist. As a consequence, inner product with two time-vectors and structural similarity with spectrograms can estimate the locations of interest sound source.