• 한국안전학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2008

In usual safety signs are final means to transmit hazard information so that the importance of them cannot be emphasized too much. Nevertheless, in Korea, few people are interested in functions of safety signs so that evaluation of safety signs are seldom committed. This research was conducted to evaluate and compare perceptional characteristics of safety signs, especially "Fall" signs, by Semantic Differential Method and Multi-dimensional Scaling Method, with undergraduate students as well as industrial workers. According to research results on several signs evaluated high through suggested procedure, action inducibility was different for students majoring in different sciences, but it had common elements in the sense of 'openness' or 'arrangements'. Besides, perceptional images on safety signs were mainly recognized with bases of 'arrangement' for student group and 'simplicity' for industrial workers, respectively, and their maps corresponded well with each other by partial rotating so that students and workers seemed to recognize safety signs with similar factors though their name might be different. However, since perceptional characteristics including image map, comprehensibility, and action inducibility were similar for student group whereas those were not for worker group, it was concluded that the test for action inducibility would be absolutely necessary for safety signs for workers' group.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.133-147
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• 1999

Traffic signs without a cognitive consideration in their design may cause information-processing problem that could result in a mental confusion among drivers often lead to a serious traffic accident. Therefore, in this study, several traffic signs currently used in Seoul Metropolitan area have been sampled and analyzed to identify design problems that usually caused by neglecting drivers cognitive ability. To classify the practical design problems, five major information-processing problems have been suggested: indistinguishable information, information conflict, missing information, sign-load mismatch, and information overload. In order to solve these cognitive problems, new traffic signs have been suggested in this study. An experiment was also performed to validate the new traffic sign. Twenty-four healthy subjects participated in the experiment. They were asked to answer the Question after observing the traffic signs continuously displayed on computer screen. The result indicated that subjects improved the accuracy in understanding the signs by 1.4 times when they used the suggested traffic sign compared to the old one. Based upon the results, a cognitive guideline was suggested for correct and speedy reading of traffic signs by improving information processing and reducing of human error. In conclusion, the traffic sign may well be applied to design an intelligent traffic sign system to increase the safety and comfort of drivers, especially in complex load condition.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.50-56
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• 2017

The number of accidents in school zone is decreasing than before with the introduction of strengthening traffic safety policy since January 2011, but the danger still exists. The School zone sign is widely known to have much effect in protecting children from risks of traffic accidents, but design improvement is being demanded to improve a sense of safety and legibility of safety signs in School zone due to the lack of understanding on the safety signs in crosswalk and School zone. This study analyzed differences in shape and color of existing safety signs through a case analysis of traffic developed countries as America, England, Japan, and Germany and suggested improvement plans for drivers to clearly perceive the school zone. For improvement methods, this study suggested the importance of delivering definite and unified warning message for school zone to drivers by using indication sign and caution sign together, and to use yellow, a safety color, and to unify the safety sign into triangle shape that symbolizes warning and caution to conform the international standards. Actual design production and experiment through improvement plans are needed in the future, and it is expected to secure safety of children and to provide international standardization of safety signs in school zone.

• 한국디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국디자인학회 2004년도 춘계 학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.238-239
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• 2004

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.81-85
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• 2016

Reasonable disaster prevention signs play an important role in guiding evacuation. Through the field investigation on disaster prevention signs in shelters and surrounding areas in Beijing, some problems were found in the using of sign system. Based on the principle of integrated design, evacuation and rescue requirements, it is necesssary to make further study on aspects such as, design of function, systematic consideration, humanization design, as well as the internationalization using. This paper presents an evaluation index system for disaster prevention signs. Such a system is very important for strengthening the independent guiding function of sign systems and improving evacuation efficiency. An effective connection could be realized between the internal environment of buildings, evacuation routes, and emergencey shelters.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.96-101
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• 2007

Usually pictograms embedded in safety signs are such final means to transmit hazard information that the importance of them cannot be emphasized too much. Nevertheless, in Korea, few people are interested in safety signs and their functions so that evaluation of safety signs are seldom committed nor safety signs draw workers' attention to fulfill their functions. Therefore this research aimed to standardize the procedure for developing safety signs in order not only to give practical help to industrial workers but to match them international standards, and to develop a few examples through the suggested standard procedure. As results, a procedure for developing industrial safety signs was developed by combining both ANSI Z535.3 and ISO 9186 with a special emphasis on action inducibility as the former emphasized as well as comprehensibility as the latter suggested. According to test results with undergraduate students as well as industrial workers on a few signs developed through the suggested procedure, action inducibility was higher whereas confusion rate was lower than expected on one hand, and it could be concluded that the procedure would supply results that can be satisfied on the other hand.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.24-30
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was aimed to identify the effects of Self-Foot Reflexotherapy on the Fatigue, Mood and Vital Signs of the Nursing students. Methods: The research design was a quasi experimental, one-group pretest-posttest design. The data were collected from June 15 to August 31, 2008. The one group was consisted of 21 subjects. The instruments used for the study were the Fatigue and Paleasant mood. The data were analyzed by SPSS WIN 12.0 program. In order to compare the effect of the pre-post Foot Reflexotherapy, paired-test and Repeated Measures ANOVA was employed. Results: A significant decrease in fatigue, increase in Mood and Vital signs after providing self foot reflexotherapy was observed. Conclusion: The result suggests that a self foot reflexotherapy could be utilized as an effective nursing intervention to the patients to reduce fatigue, Mood and vital signs.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.71-81
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• 1998

도시의 옥외광고물은 직, 간접적으로 그 도시의 주체성 확립과, 가로경관을 형성하는데 가장 기본적인 요소로 인식되고 있다. 옥외광고물은 단순히 상업적 수단에 의해 출발하였지만 최근 들어서는 급속한 경제발전과 다양화된 사회구조 속에서 수많은 업종이 탄생하며, 그에 따라 광고물의 절대적인 종류와 양의 팽창을 가져오게 하였다. 이러한 양적 팽창은 새로운 도시환경 문제로 대두되게 되었으며 옥외광고물의 보다 더 효율적인 관리와 세련되고 합리적인 디자인이 필요하게 되었다. 따라서 본 연구를 통하여 가로경관이 향상될 수 있는 방향을 설정해 보고자 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 도시의 가로경관(Street Scenes of City), 옥외광고물(Outdoor Advertising Signs)의 개념과 특성 및 옥외광고물의 영향 등을 알아본 후 현황분석 에서는 현재 우리 나라 옥외광고물법과 외국 옥외광고물법의 특징을 조사 비교하여 보며 또한 도시경관에서 옥외광고물이 어떤 영향을 미치는지에 대한 조사를 실시하여 그 문제점을 도출한 후 옥외광고물의 디자인 관리정책 방향을 다음과 같이 제시하고자 한다. (1)도시의 환경 적, 경관 적 문제해결을 위하여 옥외광고물의 지역별 차별화 유도, (2)비현실적 광고물법은 변화하는 옥외광고물에 대응하기 위하여 개정이 필요함. (3)관리행정상의 문제는 옥외광고물 행정의 효율화를 통하여 해결해야 한다. (4)광고 제작업체의 문제는 장, 단기 계획으로 유도한다. (5)광고주 및 광고제작 업자의 경관의식과 공동의식 함양을 위하여 경관오염 징수 제를 실시하여야 한다. 이렇게 커다란 정책의 방향을 제시하여 도시경관의 향상과 지역 차별화를 유도하여 보다 더 아름다운 도시경관을 이루고자한다.

• 한국전통조경학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.66-75
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• 2012

서울시는 2008년 현상공모를 거쳐 공공디자인 관점에서 문화재 안내판 디자인을 선정하고, 서울시 소재 국가 시지정 및 등록문화재에 도입하였다. 이러한 배경에서 본 연구는 모니터링 성격으로 종로구 소재 서울 유형문화재 안내판 26개소의 설치 양상에 대해 고찰하였다. 특히 문화재 안내판은 문화재 주변 경관까지 고려하여 설치 위치와 디자인을 선정해야 한다는 필요성을 제기하고자 하였다. 연구의 결과로써 첫 번째, 안내판 배치에 있어서 관람자 동선뿐만 아니라 관람자 시선의 방향 고려, 타 시설물과 가설물 등으로 방해받지 않는 위치, 유사한 문화재 안내판의 통합이 요구되었다. 두 번째, 강화유리 마감의 서울 유형문화재 안내판은 내구성과 가독성이 떨어지고, 해당 문화재보다 안내판이 눈에 띄는 단점이 확인되었다. 세 번째, 한 가지 디자인의 안내판을 일괄 설치함으로써 안내판의 배경이 되는 녹지 바위와 같은 자연물 또는 인공적 담장 건물 벽체 등 다양한 양상이 고려되지 못한 결과, 안내판의 규모 형태 재질이 주변과 조화롭지 못한 사례가 많았다. 종로구 소재 서울 유형문화재와 같이 도심에 산발적으로 분포된 '나홀로문화재' 유형은 안내판을 하나로 통일시키는 것보다 배경이 되는 자연경관 또는 인공경관, 그리고 문화재의 형상을 고려한 복수의 안내판 유형이 디자인된 후, 그 중에서 개별 문화재에 어울리는 안내판을 선택하는 것이 바람직하다. 이에 본 연구는 모범적 사례를 토대로 하여 안내판의 대안 모델을 선정하고 부정적으로 평가된 대상지별로 적절한 안내판을 제안하였다.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.25-35
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• 2015

Purpose: Signs that are installed at unnoticeable places or that disconnect before the destination can bring errors of location information delivery. Therefore, this study aims to find out the spatial relation between structure of space and signs in the perspective of visual exposure possibility, operating arrangement and assesment by applying spatial structure theory. Methods: Effectiveness of organization of guidance signs was evaluated after the four way-finding factors(Plan Configuration, Sign System, Perceptual Access, Architectural Difference) that G.D.Weisman suggested were interpreted by spatial structure theory(J-Graph analysis, Space Syntax, Visual Graph Analysis) under the premise that it is closely related to the structure of space. Results: 1) Because the south corridor that connects each department of outpatient division is located in the hierarchy center of the space, and walking density is expected to be high, guidance signs need to be organized at the place with high integration value. 2) The depth to the destination space can be estimated through J-Graph analysis. The depth means a switch of direction, and the guidance signs are needed according to the number. 3) According to visibility graph analysis, visual exposure can be different in the same hierarchy unit space according to the shape of the flat surface. Based on these data, location adjustment of signs is possible, and the improvement effect can be estimated quantitatively. Implications: Spatial structure theory can be utilized to design and evaluate sign systems, and it helps to clearly understand the improvement effect. It is desirable to specify design and estimation of sign systems in the order of J-Graph analysis${\rightarrow}$Space Syntax Theory${\rightarrow}$visibility graph analysis.