• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
• /
• 2008.06a
• /
• pp.1396-1406
• /
• 2008

The Directional sign system in Korean high speed railway stations has a lot of problems. For an example, It lacks of consistency in the shape or allocation. Also, the signs do not match with the actual directions sometimes. Last but not least, the view is blocked by the other signs such as advertisement or other barriers. We suggested the methods to standardize the sign systems that include visibility, accuracy, consistency, and simplicity. First, we categorized signs into directional signs, locational signs, and informational signs. Then, we examined the actual high speed railway stations in Korea to learn the real situation. Finally, we suggested the methods to standardize the sign systems considering the factors that are visibility, accuracy, consistency, and simplicity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
• /
• v.6 no.1 s.20
• /
• pp.29-38
• /
• 2006

There are increasing needs to provide sufficient information on road directions through road signs for expanding cities and traffic networks. Improving efficiency of direction guidance information from road signs not only requires criteria for but also systematic approach to selecting place names that appear on road signs. As such, this paper looks at road direction information from existing road signs that leads to Suwon and investigates whether the current system of road signs provides efficient, systematic and continuous direction information for road users to easily reach their destination. In this paper, Suwon's city hall is set up as the final destination, which is linked from five other cities, Anyang, Osan, Ansan, Yongin and Seongnam. The paper attempts to find out whether there is continuity and suitable number of road signs for direction information by analyzing the road signs between these 5 cities and Suwon with respect to direction, direction advance notice and direction guidance. It is found that drivers cannot easily find the needed information on their destination from the existing road signs and that continuity of selected place names that systematically appear on road signs is insufficiency. In addition, direction guidance on road signs is problematic, because the appearance frequency of road signs is not adequate and the continuity of road signs is not effective. Moreover, there is insufficient information on local direction guidance for immediate destinations on road signs with respect to turning left or right or going straight.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.1581-1585
• /
• 2007

To report Sensitivity and specificity about utility as diagnosis criteria for deficiency of Qi in stroke. Korean medicine doctor surveyed deficiency of Qi of the symptoms for the Stroke case report form in stroke patients within 1 month of onset. We analyzed 643 patients have diagnosed stroke, neurological deficit continued over twenty-four hours and within one month of onset, except traumatic cerebrovascular attack (EDH, SDH) using the result by medical specialist and residents diagnosed differentiation and written CRF(Case Report Forms) which based on 'Korean Standard Differentiation of the Symptoms and Signs II' in twenty multi centers. The sensitivity of "more 1/5 in major sings and 1/5 in helpful signs", "more 1/5 in major signs and 2/5 in helpful signs", "more 2/5 in major signs and 1/5 in helpful signs", "more 2/5 in major signs and 2/5 in helpful signs""more 3/5 in major signs and 1/5 in helpful signs""more 3/5 in major signs and 2/5 in helpful signs" are respectively 83%, 50%, 72%, 46%, 47%, 32%. The specificity are respectively 28%, 59%, 55%, 74%, 80%, 89%. The sensitivity(72%) and specificity(55%) of "more 2/5 in major signs and 1/5 in helpful signs" that to be implanted. Although this values are not high, after values of sensitivity and specificity should be more than current value, and then we should be able to suggest as objective diagnosing criteria.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.63 no.3
• /
• pp.78-94
• /
• 2013

In order to examine the influence of Anti-form in contemporary fashion focusing on 'signs of time', which illustrates the zeitgeist effects art and fashion, this study investigates both Anti-form movement in art of 1960s and 1970s and the fashion designs since 1970s when the signs of the influence of Anti-form in fashion began to appear. This was done by conducting literary survey as well as case analysis. Anti-form values the process and signs of time in that it visualizes the time and the process of making artworks. The emphasis on signs of time in Anti-form is observed in postmodernism fashion. Visualization of manufacturing process, visualization of signs of wearing, and continuation of wearing experience are all influences of the Anti-form in fashion. Visualization of manufacturing process exposes the techniques and the materials involved in garment construction such as linings, inside-out seams, interlinings, and unraveled hems, as well as the use of muslin, which is used in making garment prototypes. Signs of wearing is articulated in wrinkles caused by wearing, sings of alteration, reappeared designs of the past collections, reuse of vintage fabrics or garments, and the fabrics which assumes aged appearance. Continuous experience of a wearer is indicated in that the garment shape is not predetermined but changes continuously by the wearer's body shape and movement, which generates new and relative silhouettes continuously.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.191-212
• /
• 1997

The environmental interpretation in historic sites will be considered as an important management strategy for improving the understanding of users of natural and cultural resources which surround them. The purpose of this study was to survey on the status and visitor's awareness of environmental interpretation in historic sites. This study was carried out through the review of literature, the questionnaire to 487 visitors who visited 14 historic sites including palace, royal tomb, and others(Kyongbok Palace, Changdok Palace, Changgyong Palace, Toksu Palace, Unhyon Palace, Donggunung, Soonung, Honinung, Sonjongnung, Yongnung, Chongmyo shrine, Sajik Park, Suwon Castle, Namhan Mountain Castle) at October 26th, 27th in 1996, the field survey of 14 historic sites, and the interview. The results derived from this study were as follows; First, the environmental interpretation of the historic sites that were carried out this research were mainly the signs, interpretive publications, but Changdok Palace(the Secret Garden)have been only implemented the environmental interpretation by guide. Generally, the techniques of environmental interpretation in historic sites were not various, and environmental interpretation for visitor were not implemented effectively. Second, from the questionnaire analysis, visitors who visited 14 historic sites were not concerned with signs being used as typical environmental interpretation media in historic sites, but they were satisfied with the accessibility and location of signs relatively. Also they were more satisfied with the number, graphic, and color of signs than the others. Third, according to the results of satisfaction analysis through re-grouping question item about signs, visitors were the most satisfied with the accessibility of signs, but were not the most satisfied with the design of signs. There were significantly different to the satisfaction about the design and management of signs and comprehensive satisfaction of signs by age group. This results suggested that new environmental interpretation media should be planned and designed in consideration of desire and need by age group. Fourth, it was studied that visitors had not experience of various environmental interpretation. and most visitors agreed to the necessity of introducing diverse environmental interpretation and improving environmental interpretation.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.82-91
• /
• 2009

Sign language spotting is the task of detecting and recognizing the signs in a signed utterance. The difficulty of sign language spotting is that the occurrences of signs vary in both motion and shape. Moreover, the signs appear within a continuous gesture stream, interspersed with transitional movements between signs in a vocabulary and non-sign patterns(which include out-of-vocabulary signs, epentheses, and other movements that do not correspond to signs). In this paper, a novel method for designing a threshold model in a conditional random field(CRF) model is proposed. The proposed model performs an adaptive threshold for distinguishing between signs in the vocabulary and non-sign patterns. A hand appearance-based sign verification method, a short-sign detector, and a subsign reasoning method are included to further improve sign language spotting accuracy. Experimental results show that the proposed method can detect signs from continuous data with an 88% spotting rate and can recognize signs from isolated data with a 94% recognition rate, versus 74% and 90% respectively for CRFs without a threshold model, short-sign detector, subsign reasoning, and hand appearance-based sign verification.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.27-38
• /
• 1998

Purpose : To assess knowledge levels of cancer warning signs, a descriptive study wad conducted in Chungju rural area. Materials and Methods : We conducted a population-based study of men women who were 30 years of age or older, living in a three myens of Chungju rural area. Of 8,026 residents in 3 Myens, 1,148 adults(30 years of age or older) were completed structured questionnaire survey from July 21, 1997 to July 26, 1997. 7 cancer warning signs were used to assess knowledge level of cancer warning signs. Results : Participants in this study were poorly informed about the cancer warning signs, and the 24.9% of participants and divided by two groups. The high level group was 19.3%, and the low 80.7%. In this initial univariate analysis, the following variables were significantly associated with knowledge levels of cancer warning signs: age, sex, education, living with parter, annual income, smoking status, hepatitis vaccination, perceived possibility of cancer, previous cancer-screening examinations. In multivariate logistic analysis, we found three variables, sex, education level, previous pap-smear test, are significantly associated with knowledge levels of cancer warning signs. The knowledge level was higher among women, people with higher education, and those who had previous pap-smear examination. Conclusion : This study demonstrates that cancer warning signs are not common knowledge among the rural public. It also indicates the need for cancer education to improve knowledge in the rural public and the develop education programmes targeted especially at the old, men, and those who had not cancer screening examination should be considered to plan.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.30
• /
• pp.183-200
• /
• 1996

The purpose of this study is to examine the custume of Stone statues in roylal tombs and graves in Shilla dynasty. Stone statues in royal tombs and graves in Shilla dynasty. Stone statues in royal tombs and graves are divided into statues of the twelve horary signs(十二支像) and stone figure of a man(石人像). The results are as follows. 1. Statues of the twelve horary signs are found eleven in royal tombs and graves. First statues of the twelve horary signs in assumed Shinmunwangrung(推定神文王陵) wear long robe(長袍) pants(袴) skirt(裙) It says that the costume element of Shilla and the costume element of Tang are mixed. But statues of the twelve horary signs was developed as a tutelary god. Statues of the twelve horary signs in Kimyoushinmyo(金庾信墓) wear jacket pants(袴) instead of long robe(長袍). Also as attaching instead of long robe. Also as attaching other color cloth in collar of jacket or not they are showing dress of mulitary officer. next statues of the twelve horary signs in Hondokwangrung(憲德王陵) wear long robe(長袍) pants(袴). it says that they imitate assumed Shinmunwangrung(推定神文王陵) Kimyoushinmyo(金庾信墓). And statues of the twelve horary signs in the rest of royal tombs and graves put on decorative armor. 2. Stone figure of a man are found is Song-dokwangrung(聖德王陵) Wonsongwangrung(元聖王陵), Hungdokwangrung(興德王陵) and divided into two types. Type 1 wear long robe(長袍) and Yangdang(裲襠). They stend for the best dress uniform of military officer. Type 2 wear Danreong(團領) with side slash. They stend for common soldier.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.17 no.6
• /
• pp.1538-1542
• /
• 2003

This Study was carried out for proof of confidence of Iris Diagnosis. We analyzed relation between Iris Signs and Chief Complain, and then analyzed relation between Iris Signs and Past History. The rate of relation between Iris Signs and Chief Complain was 72.1 %. The rate of relation between Iris Signs and Past History was 52.9%. synthetically, We had known that this diagnosis method have probability of 79.7%. It was confirmed that there are close correlations between Iris Signs and Chief Complain and between Iris Signs and Past History.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.59 no.3
• /
• pp.14-26
• /
• 2009

This study is to investigate makeup shown in fashion collections of Christian Dior based on semiotical theory of Morris. Morris's theory developed from semiotics of Peirce composed of syntactics, semantics and pragmatics. Therefore, in the case of analysis of fashion makeup, syntactics investigates signs of forms, colors, textures and materials of makeup, semantics finds out meanings of the signs of syntactics and pragmatics analyzes aesthetic characteristics which the signs of syntactics and the meanings of semantics symbolize. Fashion makeup in Christian Dior Collections were expressed experimentalism sign, multi-culture sign and popularity sign. Experimentalism signs were expressed with graphic makeup and cyber techno makeup and multi-culture signs were done with ethnic make up and retro makeup. In addition, goth make up and hitch makeup showed popularity signs. This study found that the three types of signs were considered to reflect aesthetics of the contemporary fashion. Also, this study could conclude that fashion makeup was able to be interpreted by Morris' semiotics.