• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.828-837
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• 2001

Purpose: This study was aimed to identify the difference of the self-efficacy and the health promoting behaviors between obese and normal-weight middle school students. Method: Data were collected from a convenient sample of 360 middle school students (180 normal-weight students and 180 obese students) in Pusan from November 22nd to December 20th. 2000. based on self-report questionnaires. The following instruments were used in the study after being reconstructed by the researcher with the consultation of experts and the literature review: General Self Efficacy Scale(Sherer et al.. 1982). and Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile (Walker. Sechrist & Pender. 1987). The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, chi-square test. and t-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: 1. There were significant differences in father's obesity (p=.014) mother's obesity (p= .007), sibling's obesity (p=.00l), and school record (p=.001) between obese and normal-weight students. 2. There were statistically significant differences in the score of self-efficacy between the obese and normal-weight students (p=.0001) 3. There were statistically significant differences in health promoting behavior (p= .000) and in six sub-i terns: personal relationship (p =.000), exercise (p=.001), responsibility for health (p=.003), stress management (p = .015), self-actualization (p =.043) between the obese and normal weight students. 4. There were very statistically significant negative correlations between obesity and the self-efficacy (r=-.19. p<.001), health promoting behavior (r=-.18. p<.001), specifically personal relationship(r=-.20. p<.001), stress management (r=-.12. p<.05), responsibility for health (r=-.15. p<.01), and self-actualization (r=-.14. p<.01). Conclusion: According to the above results it is concluded that self-efficacy and health promoting behavior influence the obesity of middle school students. Therefore I recommend adding programs that can lead to improve self-efficacy and health promoting behavior to the obesity prevention programs for middle school students.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to compare the differences of weight-bearing distribution between subjects with low back pain and healthy subjects. Fifty-one subjects (22 men, 29 women; mean age = 42.9 years) with low back pain and 31 healthy subjects (11 men, 20 women; mean age = 35.4 years) were evaluated. The weight-bearing distribution was measured by two commercial scales during comfortable standing. The difference of weight-bearing distribution between right and left side was calculated for each subject. The differences of weight-bearing distribution in subjects with low back pain and healthy subjects were 6.0 kg and 4.5 kg, respectively. However, there were no significant differences in the weight-bearing distribution between subjects with low back pain and healthy subjects.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.57-64
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• 1984

In order to clarify an effect of seedling weight on the growth pattern of ginseng, seedlings ranged from 0.4g plant to 1.8g plant were transplanted, and then the characters of 5- and 6-year-old ginseng were investigated. The characters of root and leaf, such as length and diameter of main root, root weight, leaf area, and leaf dry weight of 5- and 6-year-old ginseng originated from large seedlings were superior as compared with those from small seedlings, and percentage of missing plant was increased with the increase of seedling weight. There were, however, no significant difference in stem length, stem dry weight, number of seeds per plant and number of palmate leaves and leaflets per plant in 5- and 6-year-old ginseng and these characters were not affected by the weight of seedings transplanted. Root field per unit area was higher in seedings of above 0.6g/plant than in small seedlings.

• 한국축산식품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국축산식품학회 2005년도 정기총회 및 제35차 춘계 학술 발표대회
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• pp.159-163
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• 2005

Ninety KNP were divided into three group by differential market weight(20 of each group): Live weight of Group 1(G 1), Group 2(G 2) and Group 3(G 3) were 50-59kg, 60-69kg, 70-80kg, respectively. Values of pH and shear force showed an increase, while cooking loss showed decreased with increased weight. In color analysis, $a^{\ast}$ value in meat and $b^{\ast}$ value in backfat of KNP showed higher as slaughter weight increased. Slaughter weight did not significantly affect the fatty acid composition of subcutaneous fat of KNP. With the exception of oleic acid in intermuscular fat, there were no significant weight-dependent differences in the fatty acid profiles.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2000

Decreased equilibrium in standing and walking is a common problem associated with hemiparesis secondary to cerebral vascular accident. In patients with hemiplegia, postural sway is increased and often displaced laterally over the non-affected leg, reflecting asymmetry in lower extremity weight bearing during standing balance. Human balance is a complex motor control task, requiring integration of sensory information, neural processing, and biomechanical factors. Limits of stability (LOS) is a one of the biomechanical factors. The purposes of this study were to establish the influence of asymmetrical weight-bearing on the LOS of independent ambulatory hemiparetic patients. The subjects of this study were 29 hemiparetic patients (18 males, 11 females) being treated as admitted or out patients at Young-Nam University Hospital and Taegu Catholic University Hospital, all of whom agreed to participate in the study. Participants were asked to lean and displace their center of gravity (COG) as far as possible in directions to the sides and front of the body. The LOS and weight-bearing ratio were measured with a Balance Performance Monitor (BPM) Dataprint Software Version 5.3. In order to assure the statistical significance of the results, the independent t-test and a Pearson's correlation were applied at the .05 and .01 level of significance. The results of this study were as follows: 1) There were statistically significant differences in anteroposterior LOS according to the cause of brain demage (p<.01). 2) There were statistically significant differences in mediolateral LOS according to the hemiparetic side (p<.05). 3) There were statistically significant differences in anteroposterior and mediolateral LOS according to the brain operation (p<.01). 4) The mediolateral LOS significantly correlated with weight-bearing ratio (p<.01).

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.153-159
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• 2016

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of joint mobilization on foot pressure, ankle moment, and vertical ground reaction force in subjects with ankle instability. Method: Twenty male subjects (age, $25.38{\pm}3.62yr$; height, $170.92{\pm}5.41cm$; weight, $60.74{\pm}9.63kg$; body mass index (BMI), $19.20{\pm}1.67kg/m^2$) participated and underwent ankle joint mobilization. Weight-bearing distribution, ankle dorsi/plantar flexion moment, and vertical ground reaction force were measured using a GPS 400 and a VICON Motion System (Oxford, UK), and subsequently analyzed. SPSS 20.0 for Windows was used for data processing and paired t-tests were used to compare pre- and post-mobilization measurements. The significance level was set at ${\alpha}$ = .05. Results: The results indicated changes in weight-bearing, ankle dorsi/plantar flexion moment, and vertical ground reaction force. The findings showed changes in weight-bearing distribution on the left (pre $29.51{\pm}6.31kg$, post $29.57{\pm}5.02kg$) and right foot (pre $32.40{\pm}6.30kg$, post $31.18{\pm}5.47kg$). There were significant differences in dorsi/plantar flexion moment (p < .01), and there were significant increases in vertical ground reaction forces at initial stance (Fz1) and terminal stance (Fz2, p < .05). Additionally, there was a significant reduction in vertical ground reaction force at midstance (Fz2, p < .001). Conclusion: Joint mobilization appears to alter weight-bearing distribution in subjects with ankle instability, with resultant improvements in stability.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.118-123
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• 2013

This study was performed from April, 2007 to August, 2012 with female patients who were being treated for and suffering from chronic lumbar pain for periods of 6 months and over. The 53 female patients were diagnosed with osteoporosis by having a T-Score of <-2.5 in a bone mineral density(BMD), as well as showing signs of metabolic syndrome. This was deduced by taking measurements of blood pressure, carrying out blood-chemical examinations and physical measurements such as weight, height, waist measurement and body mass index(BMI). After 5 minutes rest, the patient's blood pressure, height and weight were measured. BMI was calculated using the equation BMI = weight (Kg)/height ($m^2$). The patients had their blood taken in a fasted state(more than 12hours), the fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol were measured. The average BMD and T-score were calculated by measuring BMD(mg/cc) of L1-L3 using QCT. In a correlation analysis of the physical examinations, clinical character of metabolic syndrome and T-score, the result showed that age and T-score had a negative correlation(r=-0.699, p<0.01) as did triglyceride and T-score (r=-0.047, p<0.01), where as weight(r=0.239, p<0.05) and height(r-=0.329, p<0.01) and T-score had a positive correlation. There was no significant correlation with total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, blood sugar, blood pressure and T-score. This study showed that there are significant correlations with age, weight, height and T-score. But there are no significant correlations with total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, blood sugar, blood pressure and T-score and that these did not influence bone density. Further research with more subjects is required to determine whether there is a correlation of clinical character of metabolic syndrome and T-score.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.381-397
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• 2001

In the patients with hemiplegia caused by stroke and TBI. postural sway is increased and open displaced laterally over the non-affected leg, reflecting asymmetry in weight bearing on lower extremities during standing balance. Recovery of symmetric weight bearing and postural stability is an important aim in physical therapy. Plastic AFO has been used for hemiplegic patients in order to help their abnormal walking patterns. Past studies have mainly focused on the AFO influences on hemiplegic walking patterns without balance function approaches. The purpose of this study was to identify the immediate effects of plastic AFO and shoes on the static balance in hemiplegic patients. The scale for static balance were weight bearing on affected leg(%), sway area(mm2), sway path(mm), maximal sway velocity(mm/s), anteroposterior sway angle($^{\circ}$ ), and lateral angle($^{\circ}$ ). Seventeen hemiplegic patients participated in this study: 13 men and 4 women, with an average age of 50.18 years. Static balance was measured using BPM(balance performance monitor; dataprint software version 5.3) under four standing condition namely bare-foot standing. standing in shoes, standing with AFO, and standing in shoes with AFO. In order to assure the statistical significance of the results, an one-way ANOVA, the independent t-test. and a pearson's correlation were applied at the .05 level of significant. The results of this study were as follows: 1) There were statistically significant differences in weight bearing(%) on the static balance between affected leg and non-affected leg(p<.01). 2) There were statistically significant differences in sway reverse frequence(Hz) in standing with AFO between affected leg and non-affected leg(p<.05). 3) Sway area(mm2) on standing in shoes with AFO was lower than bare-foot standing(p<.05), Lateral sway angle($^{\circ}$ ) on standing in shoes with AFO was lower than bare-foot standing and standing in shoes(p<.05). 4) Weight bearing in affected leg was not significantly correlated with postural sway.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.411-415
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• 2010

The present study was devised to determine the effects of body weight, organ weight, hematological values and biochemical parameters by vitamin E and selenium (Selevit) in the ovariectomized (OVX) rats. The animals were divided into 4 groups. Intact group (n=10) received no treatment and operation. Sham group (n=10) received only sham operation and no treatment. OVX group received operation and no treatment. OVX+Selevit received operation and Selevit. The body weights of the all group increased, and that of OVX+Selevit group was the lowest rates. There were significant differences (P<0.01, P<0.001) of body weights between OVX+Selevit group and all other groups. Also, organ weights such as heart, liver, spleen and kidney were measured. The heart and liver weight were significantly lower (P<0.01, P<0.001) in the OVX+Selevit group than in the Intact and Sham group. Also, the kidney weight was significantly lower (P<0.05, P<0.01) in the OVX+Selevit group than in the all other group. On the other hand, there was no significantly difference in the organ weight of spleen between the OVX+Selevit group and the other groups. The number of WBC was significantly higher (P<0.05) in the OVX+Selevit group than in the all other groups. The hematological values of RBC, MCV, MCH and MCHC were no significant differences in any groups. The biochemical parameters of serum total protein and alkaline phosphatase increased significantly in the OVX+Selevit group as compared to that in the OVX group. But, there were no significant differences in AST and ALT in any groups. We conclude that vitamin E and selenium were significantly decreased the body weights in the ovariectomized rats. Our findings suggest that vitamin E and selenium may influence the process of lipid packaging and absorption in the ovariectomized rats.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.419-427
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• 2007

This study explored the effects of dietary calcium level and Hijikia fusiforme supplementation on bone indices and serum lipid levels using 36 female Sprague-Dawley rats as a model. Rats received low Ca diet for 3 weeks after ovariectomy. The rats were then divided into six dietary groups and fed low (0.1% Ca), normal (0.5% Ca) and high (1.5% Ca) Ca diets (CaL, CaN, CaH) and low, normal, high Ca diets with Hijikia fusiforme supplementation (CaLH, CaNH, CaHH) for 3 weeks. After each experimental periods, 24 hour urine and/or blood samples, left and right femurs were collected for analysis. Serum Ca concentration showed no significant difference by dietary Ca levels and Hijikia fusiforme supplementation. Alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly higher in normal and high Ca group compared to low Ca group. Serum total cholesterol, triglyceride and total lipid were not significantly different among groups. HDL-cholesterol showed no significant difference by Hijikia fusiforme supplementation. However, the normal and high Ca groups showed significantly higher HDL-cholesterol compared to the low Ca group. Urinary hydroxyproline and hydroxyproline/creatinine ratio were not significantly different among groups. The wet weight of the femur was significantly higher in low Ca group compared to normal or high Ca group. The dry weight, wet weight/body weight, length and breaking force of the femur were not significantly different among groups. Ash contents/wet weight of the femur was significantly increased as dietary Ca levels up and significantly higher in Hijikia fusiforme supplementation groups. The Ca content of the femur were significantly higher in the normal and high Ca groups than the low Ca group. However, there was no significant difference in Ca content by Hijikia fusiforme supplementation.