• Korean Journal of Occupational Therapy
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.111-125
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• 2018

Objective : This study was designed to determine the effects of sensory integration group therapy with regard to the sensory processing, peer interactions, and task performance, and whether they continue. Methods : Twelve children aged 7 to 13 years enrolled in this study for 60 minutes per session, three times a week for 8 weeks. Sensory integration group therapy consisted of a total of 24 activities that included sensory processing, play skills, and interaction with peers. Short Sensory Profile was used to select subjects. In order to measure the outcome, we used the Short Sensory Profile, Penn Interactive Peer Play Scale and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure at pre, post, and follow-up evaluations. The results were analyzed by means of repeated measures analysis, and the pre-test, post-test, and follow-up tests were compared using the Wilcoxon matched-pair signed rank test. Results : After sensory integration group therapy, sensory processing, peer interaction, and task performance significantly improved(p<.05). In addition, we confirmed that the effects of treatment were maintained in the 4 weeks follow-up test. Conclusion : Sensory integration group therapy is an effective way of mediating effects not only by improving sensory processing skills, but also by providing imitation and training in groups for children in need of peer interaction and linking them to daily life.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.42-54
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• 2020

Objective : The purpose of this study was to define a standard score of Sensory Processing Scale for Children (SPS-C) and its concurrent validity by correlation with the Short Sensory Profile (SSP). Methods : The subjects were children enrolled in nurseries and kindergartens in Busan and Gyeongnam. We defined the standard score of the SPS-C and identified its concurrent validity for 337 children. Both the SPS-C and SSP instruments were used to assess the children's sensory processing ability. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0. A statistical analysis was used to define the standard score for SPS-C based on the mean and SDs of -1 and -2. To identify the concurrent validity of the SPS-C, the correlation between it and SSP was measured using Pearson's correlation analysis. Results : The ranges of total standard scores on the SPS-C were classified as follows: 115~160 indicated "Typical Performance"; 105~114 indicated "Probable Difference"; and finally, 50~104 indicated "Definite Difference." Concurrent validity was ascertained using the Pearson correlation between the total scores of the SPS-C and the SSP; the Pearson correlation coefficient was .755, indicating a statistically significant correlation. Conclusion : This study suggests the standard score of the SPS-C for interpreting results in clinical settings and confirms that it is a valid tool for evaluating children's sensory processing ability.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.18-30
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• 2019

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Ayres's sensory integration (ASI) intervention on the sensory processing ability and motor development in children with Developmental Delay. Methods : 9 children in the experimental group and 8 children in the control group participated in this study for Developmental Delay children aged 3-5 years. For research tool, the Short Sensory Profile (SSP), Peabody Developmental Motor Scale-2 (PDMS-2) are used. In the experimental group, individual sensory integration therapy according to principle of ASI was performed for twice a week, 40 minutes, and 16 times for 8 weeks. Methods for the data analysis included Mann Whitney U test, Chi-square test, Wilcoxon's signed rank test, Cohen's d test of SPSS 24.0. Results : In the ASI Intervention group, the sensory processing ability showed statistically significant difference in total score, movement sensitivity, auditory filtering and low energy/weak compared to the control group without ASI intervention (p<.05). In the ASI Intervention group, the motor development showed statistically significant difference in Gross Motor Quotient, Fine Motor Quotient and Total Motor Quotient compared to the control group without ASI intervention (p<.05). Conclusions : In this study, ASI intervention had a positive effect on the sensory processing and motor development in children with Developmental Delay.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.67-74
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• 2017

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference and relationship between sensory processing abilities, gross motor and fine motor capabilities in children with cerebral palsy. METHODS: 104 children with cerebral palsy participated in the study. Sensory processing abilities of the subjects were measured by Short Sensory Profile (SSP). Gross and fine motor abilities were each measured using the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) and Manual Ability Classification System (MACS), respectively. RESULTS: There were significant correlations between SSP level and GMFCS (R=.72, p<.00) or MACS (R=.77, p<.00) levels. Significant differences were showed each gross motor (p=.01) and fine motor level (p=.00) among sensory processing level of children. In addition, sub-items of sensory processing as Tactile sensitivity, Movement sensitivity, Auditory filtering and Low energy/Weak were significantly were showed significant correlations gross motor and fine motor level (p=.01). Also, multiple regression result was showed that as MACS level and GMFCS level were higher, the SSP total score was higher all of participants (adjusted $R^2=.62$). CONCLUSION: Sensory processing abilities of children with cerebral palsy were related with gross motor and fine motor capabilities. Also gross motor and fine motor capabilities are as higher, the sensory processing skill was well of cerebral palsy.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2021

Objective : The purpose of this study was to compare sensory processing ability by smartphone addiction levels in preschool children, and to investigate the correlation between smartphone addiction level and sensory processing ability within smartphone addiction group. Method : The subjects of this study were 324 persons, with 124 persons in the addiction group and 200 in the normal user group. Measurements in this study were a questionnaire about general characteristics of subject, smartphone addiction scale, and short sensory profile. Methods for the data analysis included descriptive statistics, independent t-test, Pearson correlation analysis of SPSS 22.0. Results : There was a significant difference in the total Short Sensory Profile (SSP) score and in all sub-domains between the addiction and normal use groups (p<0.05). In the smartphone addiction group, there was a negative correlation between the SSP total score (r=-.278), auditory filtering (r=-.293), visual/auditory sensitivity (r=-.393) and smartphone addiction level. Conclusion : This study confirmed that there was a difference in smartphone addiction and sensory processing ability between the preschool children addiction and normal use groups. It has been proven that there is an interrelationship between sensory processing ability and smartphone addiction in the addiction group. It is significant in that it provides basic data to prevent smartphone addiction.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.27-38
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• 2023

Objective : This study aims to verify the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the Sensory Processing and Self-Regulation Checklist (SPSRC) for children with and without autism spectrum disorder. Methods : The Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient was calculated using Short Sensory Profile (SSP) to verify concurrent validity. Construct validity was verified by comparing the sensory processing ability and self-regulation ability of the two groups. Cronbach's α was calculated in the case of internal consistency for reliability verification, and the test-retest reliability was verified through the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results : Based on the verification of the concurrent validity, the Korean version of SPSRC and SSP showed a statistically significant correlation (p < 0.01). The construct validity was found to have a statistically significant difference between the two groups in the area and sub-items of the Korean version of SPSRC (p < 0.001). For the internal consistency, Cronbach's α ranged from 0.700 to 0.975. The test-retest reliability showed that the correlation coefficient ranged from 0.937 to 0.997. Conclusion : The Korean version of SPSRC was confirmed to be an evaluation tool with high validity and reliability. It is expected to be used as an evaluation tool for planning treatment goals in clinical trials and as a meaningful basis for future research.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.34-43
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• 2020

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference between smartphone addiction and sensory processing ability depending on the time of smartphone usage by at risk of smartphone addiction. Methods : Participants of this study were 124 toddlers in a The data collection period was from September 2019 to December 2019. Measurements in this study included a questionnaire on general information about the subject, a smartphone addiction scale, and a short sensory profile. Methods for the data analysis included descriptive statistics and an independent t-test using SPSS 22.0. Results : There were significant differences between groups depending on smartphone usage time in terms of total smartphone addiction, salience, impulse-compulsive use, withdrawal, tolerance, and interpersonal conflict among toddlers. There were also significant difference in sensory processing ability between groups according to the total Short Sensory Profile score (and in all sub-domains; p=.000 ~ .042). Conclusion : This study found that there was a difference in smartphone addiction and sensory processing ability depending on the smartphone usage time of toddlers at risk of smartphone. It is meaningful because it raises the need for education on the use of smartphones by toddlers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.10
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• pp.1726-1734
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• 2004

Response surface methodology on sensory evaluation was used to optimize cooking condition of cooked short grain rice (CSR) and cooked short grain rice containing grainy sea-tangle patch (CSTR). Texture profile analysis and nutritional evaluation were also performed. For maximizing overall acceptability, it can be predicted sea-tangle patch 14%, added water 1.67 times of rice and sea-tangle amount and steeping time 47 min as optimum cooking conditions from sensory evaluation conducted by the forties panelist. Hardness of pressure cooked short grain rice containing grainy sea-tangle patch (CSTR) were lower than cooked short grain rice (CSR), but it showed similar as CSR in adhesiveness, chewiness and higher in springiness and cohesiveness. In addition CSTR was delayed retrogradation compared with CSR. The nutritional Quality of CSTR showed higher level in total dietary fiber, protein, ash than CSR, but lower in protein digestibility, C-PER, gelatinization degree compared with CSR.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.531-539
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• 2019

This study was intended to investigate the effects of parenting attitude of mothers of multicultural family and sensory processing skills of children on school readiness of preschool children. This study conducted Maternal Behavior Instrument(MBRI), Short Sensory Profile(SSP), and School readiness test on children of multicultural family and their mothers who are residing in Gwangju and Jeonnam, and results are as follows. According to the result of parenting attitude of mothers of multicultural family showed that total score 165.72±24.19. According to the result of investigating a correlation between parenting attitude of mothers of multicultural family and sensory processing skills of children on school readiness, only parenting attitude of mothers of multicultural family showed positive relationship with school readiness of children(p<.05). According to the result of investigating the effects of parenting attitude of mothers of multicultural family and sensory processing skills of children on school readiness, it was identified that parenting attitude of mothers of multicultural family makes significant effect on school readiness of children. To sum up, it is considered that parents education required for developing positive parenting attitude of mothers of multicultural family and mediations related to school readiness for school life adaptation of children of multicultural family are necessary for children of multicultural family to get adjusted to school life easily after they enter school.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.13-25
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• 2009

Objective : The purpose of the study is to find out how group sensory integrative (SI) intervention enhances play skill and social interaction of the children with sensory integration disorders. Method : Three children who were showing problems related in sensory integration received 12 SI intervention sessions. The Sensory Profile (SP) and The Social Maturity Scale (SMS) were accomplished by the subject's primary caregiver. Test of Playfulness (ToP) and Peer Social Interactions Rating Scale (PSIRS) were utilized to investigate the children's play skills and social interactions with their friends. Goal Attainment Scale (GAS) is applied to assess the children's play skill, social interactions with peer, and sensory processing at each session. Data was collected before- and after the intervention and analyzed by the Wilcoxon matched-pair signed rank test with SPSS/WIN version 10.0 and Microsoft Excel. Results : The average scores of ToP, PSIRS, and SMS were increased after the sensory integrative intervention. However, there is no significant difference in the play skills and social interactions between data of pre-intervention and the one of post-intervention. The score of the GAS was frequently increased in terms of the play skills and sensory processing throughout the whole sessions. Conclusions : This study reveals a possibility of that the group sensory integrative intervention may affect not only sensory processing ability, but also play skills and social interactions of children experiencing difficulties of sensory processing. Future research should supplement limitations of this study regarding insufficient number of the subject and the short period of the experiment.