• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.45-68
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• 2004

This study was done to examine the sexual knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of Korea college students and investigate the effects of sexual education programs on college students with respect to their sexual knowledge and sexual attitudes. For these objectives, a single 92 item sexual questionnaire was administered to 213 college students (113 in the experimental group and 100 in the control group) as a pretest one day before the experimental group participated in a sexual education program. Then a three week sexual education program was given to the experimental group and a posttest was administered to both groups day after the program. The findings from the pretest； 1) The main sources of sexual information were friends, Internet, books and magazines. College students in this study showed relatively high scores on their overall sexual knowledge but showed low scores on their knowledge of venereal disease and HIV/AIDS. Female students had a higher sexual knowledge of physiology, pregnancy and sexual abuse than male students. 2) The overall sexual attitudes of college students were subjective. They showed especially strong liberal attitudes to premarital intercourse, had few double standards and agreed on induced abortion. Male students showed a more liberal attitude to premarital intercourse and extramarital intercourse (X²＝50.679, p＜.001). Christian students showed the lowest rates of permissiveness for induced abortion than students of other religions. 3) 64.9％ of the subjects in this study had experience in intercourse. The gender and age of students did influence the experience rates of intercourse. Male students had much higher rates of intercourse than female students (X²＝13.565, p＜.001) and older students had higher experience rates of intercourse. 4) From the analysis of the relationship between sexual knowledge, attitudes and behaviors, this study revealed that sexual knowledge and sexual attitudes of college students have a correlation 6＝0.324, p＝0.000). Students' experience of intercourse did not influence their sexual knowledge scores, but did influence their sexual attitudes. Students who had experience of intercourse showed more liberal sexual attitudes than those students who did not (t＝2.677, p＜.050). And students who were exposed to sexual media such as pornography, sexual magazines, sexual books and the Internet, also showed more liberal sexual attitudes than those students who were not. The findings from the comparison of pretest and posttest ； 1. The sexual knowledge of the experimental group that participated in the sexual education program was significantly increased after the program compared to before the program (p＜.001). However the control group did not show any significant change in their sexual knowledge. 2. The sexual attitudes of the experimental group were also changed significantly becoming less liberal (p＜.001). The control group also showed significant change in their sexual attitudes, also becoming less liberal (p＜.001). Therefore, the sexual education program used in this study was effective in increasing college students' accurate sexual knowledge, but had little effect on their sexual attitudes.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.254-261
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• 2007

Objective: This survey assessed the prevalence and type of sexual dysfunction in middle-aged women regarding sexually related personal distress and examined the prevalence of perceived sexual dysfunction and perceived partners' dysfunction by women. Methods: One-hundred ten healthy community-based middle-aged women participated voluntarily, and validated questionnaires of the Female Sexual Function Index(FSFI) and the Female Sexual Distress Score(FSDS) were used. Results: The percentage of women having sexual dysfunction and sexual distress were 67% and 32% respectively according to the cut-off of FSFI and FSDS. The average score of FSFI was 23.5(s.d.=5.7), which was lower than the cut-off of FSFI, while the average score of FSDS was 13.2, which was in range of a normal score. When considering the two concepts simultaneously, the women were categorized into 4 groups: sexually stressed dysfunction group (24.8%), sexually depressed group(42.2%), sexually healthy group(25.7%), and sexually hyperactive group (7.3%). The percentage of women reporting sexual problems was 24.3%, while the percentage of women reporting sexual dysfunction in their partner was 29.9%. Conclusions: The results indicate a high rate of sexual dysfunction and sexual distress in middle-aged women. However, considering the relationships between sexual dysfunction and sexual distress, almost two thirds were in the sexually depressed group among the women having sexual dysfunction.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.339-346
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• 2003

Purpose: This study was to add to the understanding of sexual autonomy in college students in Korea. A descriptive survey design was used. Method: The participants in this study were 1,865 college students from 13 colleges, The questionnaire consisted of 15 items on general characteristics and 13 items measuring sexual autonomy. The SPSS 10.0 program was used for data analysis. Result: The global score for sexual autonomy was relatively high at 55.24 with a possible range of 13～65. The item on sexual autonomy with the highest score were, ‘I can prevent repeated STD infections’ and the item with the lowest sexual autonomy score was ‘I can speak clearly about having intercourse’. Factors related to sexual autonomy were identified as gender, parents’ attitude, year in university, experience with STD prevention and experience with pregnancy prevention. The score for sexual autonomy was lower in male college students (p=.000), students whose parents’ attitudes to sex were vague, first year students (p=.000), students who had little experience with prevention of STDs (p=.002), students who had little experience with prevention of pregnancy (p=.001). Conclusion: The results showed that in setting priorities for sex education the following groups of students should be given first priority, male students, students whose parents’ attitudes to sex were vague, first year students, students who have not had experience with prevention of STDs, and students who have not had experience with prevention of pregnancy.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2020

Purpose: This study examined the level of self-esteem and awareness of sexual harassment among college students majoring in physical therapy to discover the status of sexual harassment and the types of and responses to sexual harassment at clinical training sites. Methods: The study participants included 195 college students majoring in physical therapy in Gyeonggi and Chungcheong provinces, who responded fully to the survey questionnaire. The data were prepared through self-reporting on a structured questionnaire and collected from September to November 2018. Results: The difference in the mean value of self-esteem was evident between the two groups investigated. The most common types of sexual harassment were verbal, visual, and physical. The types of damage reported by the participants were emotional, physical, and social. The group of participants who experienced sexual harassment had a high rate of avoidance, while the group of participants who did not experience sexual harassment exhibited a high rate of coping. Conclusion: The incidence of verbal sexual harassment was reported to be significantly higher, and the emotional damage was the most serious. Students should be provided with more specific and realistic preventive education or countermeasures so they can respond more proactively to real situations.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.198-206
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to compare sexual concerns and adjustment between men and women with spinal cord injuries. A total of 108 persons (67 men and 41 women), registered to the Spinal Cord Injury Organization or admitted at rehabilitation unit from February 1999 to February 2000, were selected as subjects of the study. Participants answered the questionnaires concerning importance of life events, sexual concern, sexual adjustment, relationship with a sex partner, and depression. The results are as follows : 1) There were no significant differences between men and women in the general characteristics except sexual dysfunction. 2) With respect to eleven different life areas, sex life ranked the fifth among men, whereas it occupied the lowest position for women among the 11 areas. However economic status was the most highly-ranked for both sex. 3) Men took much interest in the "methods and techniques for achieving sexual satisfaction", "Helping a partner cope emotionally with limitations on sexual activity", whereas women were interested in "Helping a partner cope emotionally with limitations on sexual activity" and "Ability to have children". 4) The means of sexual adjustment, relationship with a sex partner, and depression among men were higher than women. But there was no significant difference between two groups. As a result, the study suggests that there are no significant differences in the general characteristics between men and women with spinal cord injuries except sexual dysfunction. Men evaluated the sexual events highly compared to women, and differences were also shown in terms of sexual concerns between men and women. Therefore differential approaches to sexual rehabilitation are required; in both socio-psychological and physical aspects for men and particularly in socio-psychological respect for women.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.12-31
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• 2017

Korean commercial-organized girl groups were remarkable in the late 1990's. However, by the late 2000's, girl groups had an even more profound effect on Korean popular music compare to past influences. This study aimed to analyze the social-cultural meaning of the changing appearance of girl group between the first and second-generations. For this purpose, this study analyzed media image and text, based on a social-cultural context, about 13 girl groups. The results are as follows. First, while the first -generation girl group tended to maintain girlish/sexy images trying to the male desire, the second -generation girl group strategically showed various sexual identities such as femininity, masculinity, masculinity and androgyny along with contextual sexual images. The reason why girl groups increased the number of strategic images featuring various sexual identities was in order to appeal to a wide, diverse audience. Second, the second generation girl groups had - slim bodies with great athleticism, basically due to trainee system. Because of this, their semiotic body images have been commercially used to promote the consumption. Third, the second generation girl groups - were the bigger stars than first generation girl groups - because the members worked in many different fields. Therefore, the group members' images were successful consumed directly and then reproduced symbolically. Fourth, each member of the second -generation girl groups characterized by appearing in diverse, yet familiar images, through various media sources. Although the intention of this was to have recognition and popularity, it became difficult for them to change their image once one particular image was deemed popular.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.25-36
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of obesity and sexual knowledge between age-matched 168 postmenarcheal and 168 premenatcheal girls among 6th grade elementary school girls in Busan. Anthropometric measurements were taken for height and body weight of subjects for obesity and a questionnaire for sexual knowledge representing 5 categories was developed by researcher. For the statistical analysis of the collected data, frequency, Chi-square, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation were performed by SPSS WIN Vesion 12.0 program. These measurements of menarcheal grils were significantly higher than those of non-menacheal girls in height, body weight, BMI and obesity level. The sexual knowledge was low, expecially they didn't know well about sexual disease and contraception. There was no significant difference between two groups, but there was significant difference among obesity level, obesity group had sexual knowledge than others. And there were significant positive relations between the menarche and the obesity. The most important findings in the study showed that is needed the systemic and concrete sexual education in home, school and community, and especially by the professionals in the sex education field.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.216-223
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• 2016

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of sex education, focusing on the sexual activities of the elderly, on high school girls' sexual knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions. Methods: A quasi-experimental pre-post design was used, and the data of 82 participants (41 in each group) were analyzed. The educational effects were assessed through sexual knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions. The data were analyzed through SPSS 18.0, using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and paired t-tests. Results: The experimental and control groups had similar demographics. Sex education was effective in increasing sexual knowledge (p<.001), and changing the attitudes (p<.001) and perceptions (p<.001) of members of the experimental group for the better. Conclusions: This study has shown that sex education can improve high school girls' understanding of elderly sexual activities. This study is meaningful in that, it sought to facilitate a positive change in young people's attitudes towards elderly sexuality and quality of life.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.198-210
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• 2013

This study investigates the detrimental effect of watching sexual content in three-dimensional (3D) moving pictures. An increasing amount of investment is put especially in 3D adult content to boost their 3D media industries. It is crucial that the effect of sexual contents on viewers be identified. In this experiment, a between-subject design was employed to analyze various effect of sexual content on participants whether they viewed the same stimuli in 3D or in 2D. In particular, the presence scaling was used to evaluate how real the video clip is. In addition, the permissiveness toward sexual behaviors and the level of sexual arousal were measured to examine the different effect of sexual content by dividing two separate groups in 2D and 3D condition. The result shows that those who watched a 3D video clip perceived higher sense of presence compared to those who watched a 2D video clip. Furthermore, subjects in 3D condition reported lower scores of permissive attitude toward sexual behaviors. This confirms that 3D display delivers more visual experience and has an impact on people in terms of perceiving sexual contents and changing their attitudes towards sexual behaviors.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.135-146
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• 2000

This study compared the effectiveness of various prevention methods(1-time video viewing; repeated video viewing; participation-enriched video viewing) used in delivering awareness of sexual abuse and coping skills to preschool children. All of the experimental groups performed better than the control group. The participation-enriched viewing group displayed higher levels of coping skills than the control and the 1-time viewing groups. Repeated viewing and participation-enriched viewing approaches were most effective in long-term understanding. The repeated viewing group showed superiority in long-term coping skills. Direct participation, interaction, and reinforcement by means of repetition are important for optimal results in sexual abuse prevention education.