• 한국농공학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.60-72
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• 1992

This study aims at predicting the behavior of saturated soft clayey foundation subjected to earth structure loads such as tidal dike, embankment etc. by using Biot's consolidation equation coupled with elasto-viscoplastic constitutive model. To validate the computer program developed b author, a case study was performed for the site of Kwang-yang steel works improved by sand drain, where since the beginning of the works, field measurements(settlement, lateral displacement and excess pore water pressure) had been accurately achieved. Comparisons between numerical results and observation values were carried out. The main results obtained are summarized as follows : 1. Settlement and lateral displacement between numerical and observation values show satisfactory accordance. 2. As for the exess pre water pressure, numerical results appear to be larger than observation values, which may be due to the existence of sand seams which were not found during soil investigation. 3. Useful data available for failure prediction of soft foundation can be secured by examining lateral displacement, settlement, exess pore water pressure and stress paths.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.5-12
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• 1997

연약지반 개량을 위한 프리로딩 공법에서 침하 애측은 시공관리상 매우 중요한 요소이다. 지반의 비균질성, 지반 물성치 조사의 한계 등의 이유로 설계시에 침하속도 및 침하량을 실제 발생치와 근접하게 예측하기는 매우 어렵다. 이러한 문제점 때문에 쌍곡선법,아사오카법 등 초기 침하계측을 이용한 장래 침하 추정 법들이 침하 예측 기법으로 활발하게 이용되고 있으나, 예측 시점에서 추정된 장래 침하량의 신뢰성에 대한 평가 방법엔 대하여서는 제시된 바가 없다. 본 연구는 사례연구를 통하여 쌍곡선법으로 예측된 장래침하량들과 실 침하량들을 비교하구 초기 계측 기간에 따른 장래 침하량 예측의 신뢰성에 관한 분석을 통하여. 쌍곡선법을 이용한 장래 침하량 추정의 신뢰성 평가 방법을 제시하고자 한다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 1997년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.117-122
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• 1997

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.35-44
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• 1991

This study was carried out for the purpose of pre-estimating long-term settlement under condition of actual field soil's property, in case of building up industrial sites on the marine deposit silty clay located at West Coast in Korea. This study analyzed Hyperbolic Method, Square Root Time Method and Exponential Function Method with utilization of measured survey values of settlement in In-Cheon Namdong Industrial Sites. In the future, for the continuos utilization, it seemed to be needed that further the survey values of fields should be accurartely measured for the analysis of more accurate pre-estimate about long-term settlement. Among the prediction methods of settlement Hyperbolic Method seemed to be the best fitting method for measured data. The settlement equations were derived from above three methods, for long-term settlements.

• 지질공학
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.229-240
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• 2023

연약지반 개량공사 시 계측기를 설치하여 경제적이고 안전한 시공이 이루어지도록 관리한다. 데이터 분석 시 시간에 따른 침하량 데이터를 활용하여 전체적인 지반 침하 거동을 파악할 수 있지만, 계측지점 간 상호관련성을 분석하기에는 어려움이 있다. 따라서 계측지점 간의 상대적인 압밀침하 거동을 분석하기 위하여, 침하량과 속도를 가공하여 평균 침하량 차이 지수와 기울기 차이 지수로 정의한 후, 평균 침하량 차이 지수 - 기울기 차이 지수(AS_i,j-SDI_i,j) 좌표계에 도시하였다. 계측지점 간 상대적인 압밀침하 거동 분석결과 평균 침하량 차이 지수 - 기울기 차이 지수 좌표계에 나타낸 계측지점 간의 관계가 압밀이 완료됨에 따라 영역 1로 이동하였다. 관측점의 이동 경로를 해당 좌표계에 연속적으로 나타냄으로써 계측지점 간의 상대적인 압밀침하 거동관계를 분석하였으며, 이동경로 방향에 따라 두 계측지점의 압밀침하 거동관계가 안정한 상태인지 불안정한 상태인지 확인할 수 있었다.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제13권
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• pp.699-733
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• 2000

This article analyzes the state-of-play of WTO dispute settlement for first four and a half years. Remarkable points found on this analysis are as follows: First, the Quad consisting of the United States, the European Community (EC), Canada and Japan has participated in the WTO dispute settlement mechanism more frequently than any other WTO member. Second, among developing country members some leading countries such as Korea, Brazil and India have relied actively upon the mechanism to claim and defend their rights and obligations under the WTO rules. Third, bilateral dispute settlements generally have been preferred to multilateral dispute settlements by the panel or Appellate Body. Fourth, observation of the Appellate Body proceedings well shows WTO members' strategy to use every process available to them. Fifth, the provisions of GATT 1994 have been most frequently invoked by the members. GATS and TRIPS Agreement disputes are mainly involved in developed countries, in particular the U.S. and the EC. Sixth, very high winning ratio in the panel and Appellate Body process indicates that complaining parties review the possibility to get favorable rulings even before referring to the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) and prepare for the case very thoroughly. Seventh, roughly speaking, disputes were settled within two or three years. Therefore, seeking bilateral dispute settlement can be more advantageous to a complaining party than referring to a panel or an arbitrator because of low costs and short time period in dispute settlement. Finally, the DSB approved retaliatory actions for winning complaining parties against the defending parties who had rejected implementation of its rulings and recommendations. In conclusion, it can be said that the WTO dispute settlement mechanism has been operated very successfully for the first four and a half years. It is hoped that continued study on state-of-play of WTO dispute settlement mechanism will be contributory to improved national interest of Korea.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.94-102
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• 1998

This paper aims at developing the prediction technique of the deformation for the embankment such as sea dike and shore protection relevant to reclamation project along the southern coast of the Korean Peninsula. Generally total deformation of a sea dike over clayey foundation are composed of immediate settlement, plastic deformation and consolidation settlement. Plastic deformation occurs when the ultimate bearing capacity is less than overburden pressure containing the stress increment due to the construction of an embankment. The reliable prediction of total settlement is very important since deformed final geometry of sea dike is directly connected for analysing the safety of the long-term slope failure and piping. During this study, plastic deformation, major part of deformation was analysed using the program developed by authors, whereas immediate settlement and consolidation settlement were predicted by Mochinaka and Sena's method and Terzaghi's 1-dimensional theory of consolidation respectively. In order to validate the prediction technique for the deformation, a case study of Koheung Bay reclamation works was carried out. A good agreement was obtained between observation and prediction, which means the applicability of the technique.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.3611-3616
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• 1974

Alluvial plain of the coast of Kum river tail were found as being mostly consisted of weak foundation. The settlement of the ground, density and change of moisture content which were formed by the load due the construction of earth works were disclossed by the field investigations and laboratory tests. The results are as follow, 1) Banking materials are SM and soft soil stratum is CL. 2) Field moisture content; Wf=19-1.37c c; percentage of clay (less than 0.005mm) 3) optimum water content and maximum density of banking materials; rt=2.15$\mid$0.0165W(12%24%) 4) Density and moisture coutent of banking materials; rt=2.146-0.0095W (8%50%) 5) Density and moisture content of weak foundation; rt=2.06-0. 007W After construction (20%50%) Befor construction (40%60%) 6) Load and settlement of weak foundation; Everage settlement ratio; 12% of actual load p Maximum settlement ratio; 19% of actual load p Minimum settlement ratio: 5% of actual load p 7) Relation of cohesion and unconfined compression test value; c=1/2qu (qu<0.5kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$) c=1/3qu (qu<0.5kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$)

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.171-182
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• 2022

InSAR (Interferometry SAR) 기술은 복소수 데이터를 활용해 두 개 이상의 SAR 이미지 자료에서 위상차 정보를 얻어 고해상도 영상추출, 지표면 변화 탐지, 표고 측정, 빙하 변화 관측을 할 수 있는 기술이다. 많은 국가에서 InSAR기술을 활용한 화산활동 탐지, 남극의 빙하관측, 지반침하 및 지표변화 분석 등 다양한 분야에서 InSAR 기술에 관한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 지하수위 저하로 인해 지반침하가 발생한 사례에 대하여 InSAR기술로 분석된 지반침하량을 수치해석기법, 계측결과와 비교·분석하였다. 분석결과 InSAR기술결과와 수치해석기법을 이용하여 추정한 침하양상이 상당히 유사한 것으로 나타났으며, 주요 침하구간에서 발생한 최대침하량이 InSAR기술과 계측결과가 유사한 것으로 나타나 InSAR기술의 신뢰성을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 사례연구를 통해 과거 발생한 지역의 시계열적 지반침하 이력과 터널 및 지하공간 건설 중 갑작스런 이벤트 발생으로 인한 계측이 수행되지 않은 인접구간의 침하특성 파악 등에 InSAR 기술이 핵심기술로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2005년도 지반공학 공동 학술발표회
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• pp.3-14
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• 2005

Reliable predictions of the movement of earth retaining structures and the ground adjacent to braced walls in urban excavation are often difficult due to many variable factors. The ground settlement and the damage of adjacent structures in urban excavation has been an important issue. Therefore, the stability of the adjacent structures must be secured with the excavation support and research on the protection of adjacent structure is necessary. This study showed an urban excavation case and introduce observation method for case of damage behavior in urban excavation.