• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.349-356
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• 2013

When making a yellow layer cake, an existing chemical leavening agent, sourdough starter powder, was used instead of using baking powder in order to produce batter where the acid agent in the baking powder was reduced using baking soda. The control group had the lowest share of the batter and therefore had the highest specific volume. In a test group, the share of SP4 was low and therefore, the specific volume was high. In terms of physiochemical characteristics, the volume, symmetry and uniform index was high in SP4 in the test group. The control group had the highest moisture content followed by SP4. In terms of texture, the control group had the lowest hardness and highest springiness. In the test group, SP4 had the lowest hardness and highest springiness. The result of the sensory evaluation indicates that SP4 had the best taste and flavor. In terms of overall preference, SP4 showed significantly higher preference overall. However, it did not show any significant difference compared to the control group.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.121-142
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• 2017

A study on the global trend of accreditation for mediators implies many important aspects of controlling of the quality of mediation. Firstly, whether or not having an accreditation system, most European countries and the U.S. have a common understanding on the fact that mediators need to be trained to mediate disputes, apart from their own expertise on the subject matters. Secondly, private-led accreditation has been utilized in countries having a Anglo-American law system such as the United Kingdom and the U.S. a while nation-managed one has been operated in the countries having a continental law system such as Austria, Belgium, Italy and Germany. Thirdly, private mediation service providers (usually institutions or companies) play an active role in the training and accreditation of mediators and further make them act as mediators in the disputes referred to them. Fourthly, the countries having a nation-managed accreditation system usually stipulate a certain mediation training and accreditation requirement by law. Fifthly, there is no uniform trend on the minimum hours of training required for accrediting the mediators. Sixthly, mediation training generally focuses on the practical mediation capacity-building, including mediation theory and role-playing, mediation simulations, peer review and supervision. And finally, the mediation theory mainly includes the role of mediator, mediation procedures, mediation communication, negotiation and communication skills, mediation ethics and mediator's code of conduct, etc.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.279-284
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• 2004

In this study, we suggested the ring creep test using the ring specimen of Arsene for estimating the burst creep properties of the cladding in stead of burst creep test. For this objective, we used the load-displacement conversion relationship of ring specimen called LCRR which had been determined on our previous study at high temperature by performing the ring tensile test and the numerical analysis. Then we carried out both the ring creep test and the burst creep test between 350 $^{\circ}C$ and 600$^{\circ}C$ which were higher then the in-service temperature of the cladding in a reactor. The creep properties from the ring creep test with applying LCRR were compared with those from the burst creep test of closed-end specimens. From the results, it could be seen an very strong relationship between them, especially in Larson- Miller parameter. So, it is expected that we can easily anticipate the creep properties of not only claddings but also various small pressure pipes using the ring creep test.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.151-157
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• 2008

In generally, we use a method of the survey to forecast the economic demands and non-economic demands for a market trend. But we have a difficult problem to estimate the demand for the marketplace objectively because the survey with the non-response and the inadequate understanding on questionnaires did not provided the strong and uniform forecast. Here, we proposed a method compounded of survey and a statistical model to estimate the demand for the marketplace and discussed the mixture model applied to the service demand on an agency.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.423-429
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• 2013

Recently, steel structures have increasingly been required to have sufficient deformability because they are subjected to progressive or abrupt displacement arising from structure loading itself, earthquake, and ground movement in their service environment. In this study, high-strength low-carbon bainitic steel specimens with enhanced deformability were fabricated by varying thermo-mechanical control process conditions consisting of controlled rolling and accelerated cooling, and then tensile and Charpy V-notch impact tests were conducted to investigate the correlation between microstructure and mechanical properties such as strength, deformability, and low-temperature toughness. Low-temperature transformation phases, i.e. granular bainite (GB), degenerate upper bainite(DUB), lower bainite(LB) and lath martensite(LM), together with fine polygonal ferrite(PF) were well developed, and the microstructural evolution was more critically affected by start and finish cooling temperatures than by finish rolling temperature. The steel specimens start-cooled at higher temperature had the best combination of strength and deformability because of the appropriate mixture of fine PF and low-temperature transformation phases such as GB, DUB, and LB/LM. On the other hand, the steel specimens start-cooled at lower temperature and finish-cooled at higher temperature exhibited a good low-temperature toughness because the interphase boundaries between the low-temperature transformation phases and/or PF act as beneficial barriers to cleavage crack propagation.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to analyze characteristics of apartment housing unit plans based on analyzing overall patterns of housing unit plans and identifying the types of unit plans according to the size and to provide the fundamental data for developing diverse dwelling unit plans of apartment. This study deals with apartment housing unit plans built between 1999 and 2000 in Seoul, the capital region and new town. The major findings of this study are as follows; 1) Most apartment housing unit plans have fixed and uniform layouts. Most apartment housing units have L-DK type meaning they have isolated living room space. Certain layouts(especially $60-85\textrm{m}^2$ sized unit plans) show a "trickle-down" phenomenon with respect to the areas of units according to time series. 2) New plan types are rarely proposed since 2000, especially in large-sized(area more than $120\textrm{m}^2$) and $60-85\textrm{m}^2$ sized plans. 3) Another feature of apartment housing unit plans is increase of the service are (balcony, entrance area, additional kitchen, and storage area), and introduction of masters space (composition of master bedroom, dressing room, powder room, path, and etc.) and etc.)

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.5-12
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• 2003

Using the wind, we can get a thermal comfort in summer. In winter we must shut out the wind. To achieve sustainable environmental building design, especially wind data is very important. The wind direction and wind velocity of 32 cities were analyzed to suggest the wind map of Korea. The weather data which was used in this paper was from National Weather Service(19711.1~2000.12.31). The results of this study are 1) The monthly wind velocity of Seoul is 1.1m/s-3.8m/s. 2) The maximum wind velocity could be estimated from the annual average wind velocity. The regression curve is Y(The maximum wind velocity)=6.369732 X(annual average wind velocity) + 6.391668 (P< 9.66E-12). 3) The wind velocity at the inland area which is far from 25km sea side is smaller than coastal area. The distance from the sea is major index of wind velocity. 4) The monthly wind direction was compared inland area with coastal area. 5) The uniform-velocity line on the Korean map was obtained.

• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.113-122
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• 1994

In this paper, We analyze and inspect the problem of our country PSTN subscriber telephone number and suggest the ISDN/PSTN subsciber numbering plan in the future. Expecially, when you eastablish plan to change present telephone number system to ISDN telephone number system, public goverment and public office which has many calls have to be given a same number that many people want and being easy rememberance thoughout the country. Therefore we think that it is saving hours and reduce lost calls. As concrete action of convert plan it must be made consistent numbering plan when the numbering reorganization is carried out in Korea before T-time. If a partial is not carried out, it should be given when the telephone number is newly-organized or the big buliding and goverment and public office eastablich RSS individually. At that time chaos will be minimized.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.68-77
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• 2003

It is important to understand the characteristics of material strength and fracture under the dynamic loading like as earthquakes to assure the integrity of welded structures. The characteristics of dynamic strength and fracture in structural steels and their welded joints should be evaluated based on the effects of the strain rate and the service temperature. It is difficult to predict or measure temperature rise history with the corresponding stress-strain behavior. In particular, material behaviors beyond the uniform elongation can not be precisely evaluated, though the behavior at large strain region after the maximum loading point is much important for the evaluation of fracture. In this paper, the coupling phenomena of temperature and stress-strain fields under the dynamic loading was simulated by using the finite element method. The modified rate-temperature parameter was defined by accounting for the effect of temperature rise under the dynamic deformation, and it was applied to the fully-coupled analysis between heat conduction and thermal elastic-plastic behavior. Temperature rise and stress-strain behavior including complicated phenomena were studies after the maximum loading point in structural steels and their undermatched joints and compared with the measured values.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.29 no.7 s.238
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• pp.964-969
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• 2005

In this study, we suggested the ring creep test using the ring specimen of Arsene for estimating the burst creep properties of the cladding in stead of burst creep test. For this objective, we used the load-displacement conversion relationship of ring specimen called LCRR which had been determined on our previous study at high temperature by performing the ring tensile test and the numerical analysis. Then we carried out both the ring creep test and the burst creep test between $350^{\circ}C$ and $600^{\circ}C$ which were higher than the in-service temperature of the cladding in a reactor. The creep properties from the ring creep test with applying LCRR were compared with those from the burst creep test of closed-end specimens. From the results, it could be seen an very strong relationship between them, especially in Larson-Miller parameter. So, it is expected that we can easily predict the creep properties of not only claddings but also various small pressure pipes using the ring creep test.