• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.95-112
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• 2017

The competence of teachers, comes out through their lesson, is one of the key factors of school education. The purpose of this study is comparing the viewpoints on the science lessons in the elementary classrooms between pre-service teachers and highly experienced teachers in order to draw implications on pre-service teacher educating system. The participants of the study are 14 junior students in a university of education and 9 elementary school teachers who are highly educated and have much career experience. Each student participant observed one video clip with science lesson of their classmate. The total number of the video subject to observation is 4. Meanwhile experienced teachers observed 1 or 2 videos which are the same to those the students watched. The participants made a class criticism according to the General Standards for Class Critique made by KICE. The in-depth analysis of the criticism yielded the following conclusions; First, pre-service teachers had narrow views on the science class mainly limited in the practical part of class, but experienced teachers had wide views covered to class-knowledge, plan, and practice. Second, most experienced teachers thought that learning is the process by which students acquire knowledge or concepts by themselves, and the main purpose of the class is to help students' learning. Meanwhile, there were many pre-service teachers who thought that conveying knowledge or concepts to students was the main purpose of the class. Third, experienced teachers thought that a good science class should maintain consistency around the learning goals from the planning, implementation, and evaluation. However, many pre-service teachers did not take the learning objectives so seriously.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.79-99
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• 2008

Enterprises as well as central and local governments have tried to apply ubiquitous technology to the actual life on the various types of business and projects. In this paper we develop strategic plan to provide public service on public areas based on needs analysis of public services as well as trend analysis of ubiquitous and web technology. Ubiquitous service model should be based on geospatial web which can incorporate participation and collaboration concepts, as the wire/wireless network system develop rapidly. To achieve this purpose, we suggest the following projects; 1), construction of internet map based on geospatial web technology, 2), development of web contents based on geospatial web, 3), installing ubiquitous equipment, and 4), upgrade Seoul Metropolitan Government's homepage and internet system which can incorporate web 2.0 concepts. Ubiquitous service model should be based on not only development of ubiquitous technology but also needs of consumer such as citizen, enterprises, and public sectors which have an interest in that place. Geospatial web will be the core of development of ubiquitous service models.

• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.55-67
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• 2008

Following this introduction, this paper presents two conceptual and theoretical analyses-(i) CSR and its relation to profit and charity (ii) CSR as part of a service business model. The paper then illustrates these concepts using a comparative study of four service firms, with particular emphasis on their different CSR activities and how these affect the mission of each company. All four of the service companies are global actors with strong Service Brands (Edvardsson, Enquist and Hay, 2006) and a leading position in using CSR as a driving force for doing business: IKEA, Starbucks, H&M and the Body Shop. The paper then draws together the conceptual analysis and the case studies in a discussion of how CSR can be a proactive driver in the service business. Because of the limit space for a QMOD paper the focus is on the conceptual and theoretical analysis part and the empirical part and discussion/conclusion has to be further developed.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.145-170
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• 2003

Open Decision Support System(DSS) is an automated and transparent system that is built to be shared both within and across organizations. The open DSS has been thought to be a set of decision components that are communicating through Web protocols. These characteristics intuitively invite the Web services concepts, which are currently one of the new trends in network-based business services. However, web services still are not active enough to be autonomous, and to provide for composing functionalities. These lead to the motivation on building a sophisticated web service to contain these features and to utilize web services on behalf of the user. This paper aims to propose a new concept of Meta Web Service, a web service-based open DSS. Decision modules in a dynamic and open DSS can be viewed as a web service. The Meta Web Service understands the users problem statement with ontology, performs web service discovery, web service composition, and automatically generates codes for composite web service execution. A prototype of example web service has been developed to show the feasibility of the proposed idea.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.691-707
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• 2015

This study aims to develop biology teachers' education program based on argumentation activity about core concepts of evolution and to analyze the characteristics of core concepts of evolution learned during the program. The eight core concepts of evolution in this study were variation, heritability of variation, competition, natural selection, adaptation, differential reproductive rate of individuals, changes in genetic pool within a population, and macroevolution. The performances of teachers participating in the program were compared before and after argumentation activities; consisting of seven sessions on the eight core concepts of evolution. The process of the program was specially designed by learning cycle model for teacher education, consisting of seven phases: identification of the task, production of a tentative argument, small group's written argument, share arguments with the other groups, reflective discussion, final written argument, and organization by an instructor. Participants in the study were two pre-service biology teachers and four in-service biology teachers. The results suggest that biology teachers reduced the teleological explanation for biological evolution and improve its adequacy after the intervention. Teachers lacked the opportunity to discuss variation, heritability of variation, competition, and macroevolution because science textbooks lack information on the concepts of biological evolution. The results of this study suggest that because the argumentation program developed for teachers helps to improve understanding the concepts of evolution and to reduce inadequate conceptions in biology, teacher education programs using argumentation activity and eight core concepts of evolution will play a role for efficient evolution education for biology teachers.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.2498-2511
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• 1997

Due to the recent advances in computer technologies and high-speed networks, telecommunication services and provision of multimedia services will be considered a new software architecture adapting networking infrastructure on information networking architecture. In this paper, the video conference services has been selected as a target service example because it is expected to become one of the most important services on the full service network. In fact, it can be viewed as the basis for providing telecommunication services such as video telephony and video conferencing. This paepr presents the prototyping of TINA(Telecommunication Information Networking Architecture) based desktop video conference system using the concepts of session management. The prototyping of deskop video conference system aims at assessing TINA concepts and refinement of the mapping between session graph and connection graph, and provides support of open service platform towards distribution and objected-orientation.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.12B no.4 s.100
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• pp.479-486
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• 2005

The ontology was proposed to construct the logical basis of semantic web. Ontology represents domain knowledge in the formal form and it enables that machine understand domain knowledge and provide appropriate intelligent service for user request. However, the construction and the maintenance of ontology requires large amount of cost and human efforts. This paper proposes an automatic ontology construction method for defining relation between concepts in the documents. The Proposed method works as following steps. First we find concept pairs which compose association rule based on the concepts in domain specific documents. Next, we find pattern that describes the relation between concepts by clustering the context between two concepts composing association rule. Last, find generalized pattern name by clustering the clustered patterns. To verify the proposed method, we extract relation between concepts and evaluate the result using documents set provide by TREC(Text Retrieval Conference). The result shows that proposed method cant provide useful information that describes relation between concepts.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.43-59
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• 2002

There has been a long debate whether the Sun revolves the Earth or the Earth revolves the Sun. Also, students are very interested in the solar systems, which means the entire system of planets, satellites, minor planets, comets, and meteoroids that orbit the sun. However, students are not sure about them. New models which enhance teaming about them are strongly needed. This study is intended to develop the new models on the solar systems and to investigate how the preservice elementary teachers' concepts are affected by them. Subjects are 20 preservice elementary teachers, One instrument including 11 items is used. Data are collected before using the new models and after using them through the tests. As a result, learning through the new models has a positive effects on the preservice elementary teachers' concepts on the solar system.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.371-384
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• 2008

The purposes of this study were to investigate perspective teachers' conceptions of liquid-state and get implications for the direction of science curriculum or professional development. The instrument was composed of seven questions focusing on aspects of liquid-state phenomena. The results showed that the participants have various alternative concepts about liquid-state. The problem revealed in almost every question was their macroscopic explanations for the phenomena. In addition, it appeared that the participants seemed to understand phenomena in terminology level, but they didn't know basic reasons or fundamental concepts about the phenomena. It is required to change the curriculum or instructional methods in secondary school and teacher education programs to anchor the scientific concepts on molecular or microscopic level.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Information Technology Applications Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.1-6
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• 2005

The purpose of this paper is to propose a novel modeling approach called Services Ecosystem that applies the concept of ecosystems in ecology to Service-Oriented Software Development and Integration. For this purpose, an ecological system for software systems is proposed for the emerging Service-Oriented Computing paradigm, describing how participants interact with each other within their environments. Three emerging concepts, Service-Oriented Programming, Software Factories, and Service Grid, are employed to explain biotic and abiotic environments. Based upon the Services Ecosystem model, we demonstrate Services Ecosystem Model transformations by using a case example. The Services Ecosystem model is a novel approach for envisioning the Service-Oriented Computing paradigm in terms of an ecosystem in which the roles/perspectives of each participant and their relationships/interactions to environments are clearly described with a holistic view.