• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 2014

Correlation and similarity of garlic cultivars was analyzed by measuring the composition of twenty amino acids contents in the bulb and callus from twelve garlic cultivars which were collected from Korea and foreign countries. Arginine and asparagine occupied more than 78% of total amino acids both in bulb and callus followed by glutamic acid, lysine, aspartic acid, valine, glycine, histidine and ornithine in order. Based on correlation coefficients of amino acid composition in the bulb, twelve garlic cultivars were classified into three major groups. Danyang, Euiseong, Seosan, Jeju, Mongol and Turkey cultivars belong to group-I, Namdo, China, Mexico and Nepal cultivars are in group-II, and group-III includes Philippine and Daeseo cultivars. Based on amino acid composition in callus, group-I includes Mongol, Euiseong, Danyang and Seosan cultivars, group-II includes Jeju, Daeseo, China and Namdo cultivars, group-III includes Napal, Mexico, Philippine and Turkey cultivars. Composition of amino acid contained in both callus and bulb is a clear standard to identify northern-type garlic cultivars. Especially the composition of amino acids in callus is more distinctive standard of classification between northern and southern type garlic cultivars than that in bulbs.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.83-108
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• 1989

To discern general tendency in relatively pure even-aged pine stands, to group the stands and to perceive neighbourhood effects a total of 39 sites of pine stand was surveyed from nearby Seoul (12 sites), Chunsung, Kangwon (13 sites) and Sosan, Chungnam (14 sites), for herb and shrub species 32, 19; 37, 19 and 41, 14 in the respective areas from September 1987 to July 1988. In terms of detrended correspondence analysis (DECORANA), the stands were subjected to ordinate with 16 physical variables and the vegetational variables. The resource ratio (N:P, N:K, P:K) as physical variables also was tried out in the DECORANA as well as independent variable (N.P.K). The outcome did not show any meaningful difference. It is suggested that there seems to be no apparent interaction among the elements in the study. Three vertical vegetation componeent, that is, tree layer, shrub layer, herb layer were subjccted to DECORANA independently, pairwisely and as a whole (a total 7 combinations). Of those analysis herb layer trial alone seems to indicate relatively clearer differences among the physical variables. In the stands nearby Seoul first axis indicated soil field capacity and exchangeable cations (K, Ca and Na) and second axis did not show any tendency. For the Chunsung stands first axis also revealed soil field capcity and amount of arganic matter and second axis showed amount of exchangeable cation (K, Ca and Na), In the Seosan 1st axis indicated pH and exchangeable cations (K, Ca and Na). For the 39 sites 4 clusters in terms of herb layer might be defined: Peucedanum terebinthaceum-Cymbopogon tortilis-Polygala japonica-Festuca ovina (1); Atractylodes japonica-Patrina scabiosaefolia (2); Potentilla fragarioides-Atractylodes (3); and Cymbopogon tortilis (4). In the neighbourhood effects study in terms of the basal area distribution, Thiessen polygon area and Gini coefficient for the Pinus thunbergii stands of Seosan the Thiessen polygon area approach seems to indicate earlier (30 years old) neighbourhood effect than the others (45 years).

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.317-325
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• 2000

A six parent dialled analysis was conducted to get basic information for improving yield of upland cotton. Heterosis, combining ability, genetic components and correlation coefficients for boll length, boll width, boll weight, 100 seed weight, lint weigth per boll and lint percentage were studied. Estimates of heterosis for all characters and heterobeltiosis for boll weight and lint weight per boll showed positive values. In general combining ability effect, 'Muan' and 'Imsung' showed highely positive effect in all characters. In specific combining ability effect, the combinations of 'Seungju${\times}$Imsung$.$Seosan${\times}$Imsung' for bll length, 'Cheju${\times}$Imsung$.$Seung${\times}$Imsung' for boll width, 'Cheju${\times}$Muan$.$Cheju${\times}$Imsung' for boll weight, 'Cheju${\times}$Soonchun$.$Muan${\times}$Imsung' for 100 seed weight, 'Soonchun${\times}$Muan' for lint weight per boll and 'Soonchun${\times}$Seosan$.$Seungju${\times}$Muan' for lint percentage showed highly positive effect. Partial dominance was observed for boll length, boll weight, 100 seed weight and lint weight per boll, complete dominance for boll width and overdominance for lint percentage. The number of effective gene group was estimated as one for all characters. The estimates of narrow and broad sense heritabilities were high for all characters except as one for all characters. The estimates of narrow and broad sense heritabilities were high for all characters except lint percentage. Correlation coefficients among the boll length, boll width, boll weight, 100 seed weight and lint weight per boll were positive, whereas lint percentage was negatively correlated with other characters.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.479-484
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• 2014

Objectives : The aim of the study is to investigate the oral health knowledge, attitude and dental caries experience in Korean 12-year-old adolescents. Methods : The subjects were 2,196 adolescents living in Seosan, with an average age of 12.2 years. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire from April 10 through June 10, 2011. A trained investigator made an oral examination of them in natural light, using a mirror and an explorer to determine their DMFT index. Results : The prevalence rate of dental caries of adolescents was 59.1%. The DMFT index of the subjects was 1.98, which was lower than the national mean of 2.2 for the same age. The DMFT index was significantly higher in the female(2.25) than the male group(1.72). The attitude of oral health was positively related to DMFT index in this study(OR=1.25; CI=1.01-1.54). It appears that knowledge and attitude concerning oral health, among young Korean 12-year-old adolescents living in Seosan, are in need of improvement. Conclusions : Based on the findings, dental caries experience is associated with attitude of oral health. This result suggests that the implementation of oral health promotion should be considered for various factors related to attitude of oral health in adolescents.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.125-134
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• 2007

Purpose: The study aimed to identify the effects of a newborn care education program on newborn care confidence and behavioral accuracy of primiparas in a postpartum care center. Method: This was a quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control group non-synchronized design. Subjects were 29 primiparas selected from a postpartum care center in D and P hospitals in Ulsan. The intervention was a newborn care education program which was composed of education with a booklet, demonstration, watching a video, and verbal encouragement. The outcome variables were newborn care confidence and behavioral accuracy. Data was collected from Feb. 1 to Mar 22 in 2005 with self-administered questionnaires and observation by researchers. Data was analyzed using the $X^2-test$, Fisher's exact test, t-test and ANCOVA. Result: The experimental group showed significantly higher score changes between the pre-test and post-test in confidence and behavioral accuracy than the control group. Conclusion: The newborn care education program showed positive effects on newborn care confidence and behavioral accuracy of primiparas in a postpartum care center. Therefore, we recommend that this program should be applied in postpartum care centers.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.351-364
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• 2010

This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between abuse and suicide risk focused on the Korean elderly over 65 years old living with their families. The data for the study was collected from 1,193 people in Incheon metropolitan city, Kyunggi and Chungnam province. Among them, 711 elderly adults who experienced abuse within their families, were analysed for the study. The results were as follows: First, the group who had experienced abuse was revealed at 29.8%, and the group who had experienced suicide was revealed at 23.1%. Second, the victims of abuse at older ages affects the risk of suicide. Moreover, considering the elderly population under the control of influencing variables such as socioeconomic traits, ADL and depression, the risk of suicide for the group of being abused was higher than the group that was never abused. Third, four groups of elderly(groups without both abuse and suicide risks, the group with only abuse victims, the group with only suicide risks, and the group with both abuse and suicide risk) were divided based on the victims of abuse and the risk of suicide. The group without abuse and suicide risk was positive in subjective economic status, ADL, number of diseases and depression. On the contrary, the group with both abuse and suicide risk was negative in the above indices. The study indicated that there were some similar traits between abuse risk groups and suicide risk groups, but the group with suicide risk was lower than the group with abuse risk in ADL and depression.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.141-151
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• 2013

This study examines the mineralogy of sepiolites occurred within the carbonaceous rocks of Songak schist and Pyeongtaek migmatitic gneiss of Precambrian Seosan group, in the western part of Chungnam. Host rocks of the sepiolite were dolomitic rocks and have experienced hydrothermal alteration and metamorphism. Mesozoic granite is assumed as a main source of hydrothermal alteration for the dolomitic rocks. Some of the tremolite asbestos coexist with the sepiolites. Representative sepiolite and tremolite samples were collected from the layers cracks or fractures of the dolomitic rocks and/or examined with microscope with microscope, XRD, SEM and TEM. Sepiolites are mainly recognized along the cracks assumed as pathways of hydrothermal solution. Tremolites are mainly found at layers or cracks of the dolomitic rocks and occur as asbestos as well as non-asbestos forms. It was confirmed that some of the tremolite asbestos were coexisted with the sepiolites. Overall results suggest that the occurrences of sepiolites within the dolomitic rocks mainly result in the hydrothermal alteration and the fluid from the acidic rocks, possibly granites. It also suggests that coexisting tremolite asbestos were formed by similar geological environment.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.125-137
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to analyze the regional ripple effects and residents' perceptions of the West Coast Highway on four regions of Chung-nam province. The data was collected through questionnaire interviews with 400 residents in four regions of the west coast area. After data cleaning, the statistical methods used were confirmative factor and cluster analysis with 309 sampled from four regions of Dangjin, Boryong, Seosan and Taean. The results of this study were as follows. First, it is classified, according to the residents' perceptions against the opening of the West Coast Highway, into four groups. Group A is the people who haven't lived there long and mainly consists of relatively young (30's-40's) males, while Group B is the people with lower incomes and middle-aged males (40's) who have lived there for 11 to 20 years. Group C is mainly the people who are middle-aged housewives in their 40's and who haven't lived there long and with a relatively higher income. Group D is the people who lived for less than five years and had lower incomes than other groups. The results show that their perceptions against the influence of regional development differ demographically from each other. In conclusion, it was determined that most of them were concerned that it, coupled with the construction of the West Coast Highway, would damage the surrounding countryside but believed it would contribute to the growth of the region's economy. Whereas groups A and B seem to acknowledge the necessity of regional development and environmental protection, groups B and D appear to be more content with the tourism development derived from the West Coast Highway and are paying more attention to such plans than other two groups.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.458-464
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• 2010

Twelve garlic cultivars collected from Korea and Mongolia were evaluated genetic similarity and diversity by RAPD method using oligo-nucleotide random primers. Genomic DNA isolated from twelve garlic cultivars were amplified by polymerase chain reaction using 143 primers, and 55 primers showed polymorphic DNA bands. Among a total of 187 bands amplified by 55 primers, 128 polymorphic bands were subjected to analysis for genetic relationship of garlic cultivars. Garlic cultivars were classified into three groups, such as group-I corresponded to Euiseong, Seosan, Samchuk and Yecheon-A, Yechun-B, Euiseong-norang, Jeongsun, Namdo, Yookback and Danyang cultivars, and group-II to Mongolia and group-III to Daeseo cultivars. Thirty DNA bands showing unique specificity to the specific cultivars are likely to be useful for identification of garlic local cultivars as DNA markers.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.121-127
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• 2013

In this study, growth-line analysis was carried out on the hard clam (Meretrix petechialis) collected from the Neolithic shell middens in Daejuk-ri, Seosan, Korea, to reconstruct palaeoenvironment. Growth increments of 206 specimens of the clam were examined. The ages of the specimens were determined from the rings on the shells. The relationship between shell length and ring radius in each ring group was expressed as a regression line, indicating a correspondence in each ring formation. Growth pattern of the midden specimens was compared to that of modern ones collected from Gimje, Jeonbuk. Growth curves for shell length fitted to the von Berta anffy's growth curve were expressed respectively as follows: $SL_t=102.9025[1-e^{-0.18657(t+1.0906)}]$ in the shell midden specimens, $SL_t=104.2583[1-e^{-0.2277(t+0.7499)}]$ in the modern ones. The relationship between shell length (SL; mm) and shell height (SH; mm) was expressed by the following equations: SH = 0.7791 SL + 3.6636 ($R^2$ = 0.946) in the midden specimens, SH = 0.8103 SL + 0.5145 ($R^2$ = 0.991) in the modern ones. The results of the tests regarding the differences between regression coefficients and elevations of growth curves of these two populations demonstrate that the slopes were not significantly different (p < 0.05), but the elevations were (p > 0.05). However, overall growth curves of the midden and modern populations were not significantly different, indicating that shell growth environments of the two areas are similar. Therefore, it is likely that sea temperature near the midden area could be similar to that of present Gimje area, and thus temperature during the period of the midden formation could be higher than presently known.