• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.274-280
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• 2011

Due to their rapid growth and new paradigm applications, wireless sensor networks(WSNs) are morphing into low power personal area networks(LoWPANs), which are envisioned to grow radically. The fragmentation and reassembly of IP data packet is one of the most important function in the 6LoWPAN based communication between Internet and wireless sensor network. However, since the 6LoWPAN data unit size is 102 byte for IPv6 MTU size is 1200 byte, it increases the number of fragmentation and reassembly. In order to reduce the number of fragmentation and reassembly, this paper presents a new scheme that can be applicable to 6LoWPAN. When a fragmented packet header is constructed, we can have more space for data. This is because we use 8-bits routing table ill instead of 16-bits or 54-bits MAC address to decide the destination node. Analysis shows that our design has roughly 7% or 22% less transmission number of fragmented packets, depending on MAC address size(16-bits or 54-bits), compared with the previously proposed scheme in RFC4944. The reduced fragmented packet transmission means a low power consumption since the packet transmission is the very high power function in wireless sensor networks. Therefore the presented fragmented transmission scheme is well suited for low-power wireless sensor networks.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.113-121
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• 2007

Commonly, in the Sensor Network that composed with multiple nodes uses Ad-hoc protocol to communicate each other. Each sensed data packets are collected by base node and processed by Host PC. But the Ad-hoc protocol is too vulnerable to Sinkhole attack, where the intruder attracts surrounding nodes with unfaithful routing information, and then performs selective forwarding or changes the data passing through it. The Sinkhole attack increases overhead over the network and boosts energy consumption speed to decrease network's life time. Since the other attacks can be easily adopted through sinkhole attack, the countermeasure must be considered carefully. In this paper, we proposed the Hop-depth algorithm that detects intruder in Sinkhole attack and colluded nodes. First, the proposed algorithm makes list of suspected nodes and identifies the real intruder in the suspected node list through the Hop-depth count value. And recalculates colluder's path information to find the real intruder. We evaluated the performance of the proposed algorithm using NS2. We compared and analyzed the success ratio of finding real intruder, false positive ratio, false negative ratio, and energy consumption.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.252-258
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• 2013

As WSN is energy constraint so energy efficiency of nodes is important. Because avoiding long distance communication, clustering operating in rounds is an efficient algorithm for prolonging the lifetime of WSN and its performance depends on duration of a round. A short round time leads to frequent re-clustering while a long round time increases energy consume of cluster heads more. So existing clustering schemes determine proper round time, based on the parameters of initial WSN. But it is not appropriate to apply the round time according to initial value throughout the whole network time because WSN is very dynamic networks nodes can be added or vanished. In this paper we propose a new algorithm which calculates the round time relying on the alive node number to adapt the dynamic WSN. Simulation results validate the proposed algorithm has better performance in terms of energy consumption of nodes and loss rate of data.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.115-122
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose an efficient dynamic workload balancing strategy which improves the performance of high-performance computing system. The key idea of this dynamic workload balancing strategy is to minimize execution time of each job and to maximize the system throughput by effectively using system resource such as CPU, memory. Also, this strategy dynamically allocates job by considering demanded memory size of executing job and workload status of each node. If an overload node occurs due to allocated job, the proposed scheme migrates job, executing in overload nodes, to another free nodes and reduces the waiting time and execution time of job by balancing workload of each node. Through simulation, we show that the proposed dynamic workload balancing strategy based on CPU, memory improves the performance of high-performance computing system compared to previous strategies.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.53-65
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• 2016

Static wireless multi-hop networks, such as wireless mesh networks and wireless sensor networks have proliferated in recent years because of they are easy to deploy and have low installation cost. Two key measures are used to evaluate the performance of a multicast tree algorithm or protocol : end-to-end delay and the number of transmissions. End-to-end delay is the most important measure in terms of QoS because it affects the total throughput in wireless networks. Delay is similar to the hop count or path length from the source to each destination and is directly related to packet success ratio. In wireless networks, each node uses the air medium to transmit data, and thus, bandwidth consumption is related to the number of transmission nodes. A network has many transmitting nodes, which will cause many collisions and queues because of congestion. In this paper, we optimize two metrics through a guaranteed delay scheme. We provide an integer linear programming formulation to minimize the number of transmissions with a guaranteed hop count and preprocessing to solve the aforementioned problem. We extend this scheme not only with the guaranteed minimum hop count, but also with one or more guaranteed delay bounds to compromise two key metrics. We also provide an explanation of the proposed heuristic algorithm and show its performance and results.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.3472-3480
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• 2010

The Clustering technology of Energy efficiency wireless sensor network gets the energy efficiency by reducing the number of communication between sensor nodes and sink node. In this paper, First analyzed on the clustering technique of the distributed clustering protocol routing scheme LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) and HEED (Hybrid, Energy-Efficient Distributed Clustering Approach), and based on this, new energy-efficient clustering technique is proposed for the cause the maximum delay of dead nodes and to increase the lifetime of the network. In the proposed method, the cluster head is elect the optimal efficiency node based on the residual energy information of each member node and located information between sink node and cluster node, and elected a node in the cluster head since the data transfer process from the data been sent to the sink node to form a network by sending the energy consumption of individual nodes evenly to increase the network's entire life is the purpose of this study. To verify the performance of the proposed method through simulation and compared with existing clustering techniques. As a result, compared to the existing method of the network life cycle is approximately 5-10% improvement could be confirmed.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.137-145
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• 2010

Wireless sensors play important roles in various areas as ubiquitous computing is generalized. Depending on applications properties, each sensor can be equipped with limited computing power in addition to general function of gathering environment-related information. One of main issues in this environment is to improve energy-efficiency in sensor nodes. In this paper, we devise a new attribute-query processing algorithm. Each sensor has to maintain partial information locally about attributes values gathered at its all descendent nodes. As the volume is higher, however, the maintenance cost also increases. And the update cost also has to be considered in the proposed algorithm. Thus, some bits, AVB(Attribute-Value Bits), are delivered instead of the value itself, where each bit represents a bound of attribute. Thus, the partial information can decrease the number of exchanged messages with a little cost during query processing. Through simulation works, the proposed algorithm is analyzed from several points of view.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.442-444
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• 2005

최근 센서 기술이 발전함에 따라 무선 센서 네트워크 응용에 대한 관심이 크게 증대되고있다. 이와 더불어 무선 센서 네트워크 응용에 적합한 라우팅 프로토콜 개발에 대한 연구가 많이 이루어지고 있다. 그러나 무선센서 네트워크가 내재하고 있는 전원 용량의 제약, 메모리 크기의 제약, 프로세싱 능력의 제약, 통신 거리의 제약 등 다양한 제약사항으로 인하여 응용 특성에 특화된 라우팅 프로토콜 개발이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 기존 라우팅 프로토콜의 주요 메커니즘을 살펴보고, 이를 바탕으로 무선 센서 네트워크 응용의 특성 밀 요구 사항을 분석하고 프로토콜을 설계하는 우리의 접근 방법을 제시하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2006.06d
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• pp.337-339
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• 2006

센서 네트워크는 다양한 응용에 적용될 수 있는 장점을 가지는 반면 기본적인 제약으로 인해 기존의 라우팅 메커니즘을 그대로 적용할 수 없어 센서 네트워크에 적합한 새로운 라우팅 프로토콜들이 많이 제안 되었다. 그러나 대부분의 경우 안전성을 고려하지 못하였다는 문제점을 갖는다. 본 연구에서는 센서 네트워크를 육각형의 클러스터 기반의 구조로 정의하고 각 클러스터에 3차원 좌표를 할당하여 클러스터헤드가 이 좌표값을 이용하여 목적지로의 라우팅 경로를 동적으로 찾는다. 또한 보안을 제공하기 위한 방안으로 중간에 적절한 포스트를 두어 이 지점에서 데이터의 진위를 파악하여 잘못된 정보를 걸러줌으로써 잘못된 정보가 네트워크 상에서 계속 트래픽을 증가시키는 것을 방지한다. 제안 메커니즘은 효율적인 라우팅을 제공함과 동시에 보안 기능을 수행함으로써 보안성을 강화하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2006.06d
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• pp.310-312
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• 2006

일반적인 센서 네트워크 환경과 달리 이동성을 중시하는 환경에서의 무선 센서 네트워크는 에너지 효율성, 동적 자기구성, 이동성에 적합하도록 개발되어야 한다. 이러한 환경에서의 센서 네트워크 응용은 고정 노드와 이동 노드가 혼재되어 있는 것이 일반적이다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 이동 노드 지원을 위한 'LEACH-Mobile' 프로토콜을 제안한다. LEACH-Mobile프로토콜은 노드의 움직임에 따라 토폴로지가 변화할 때, 이동하는 노드가TDMA 스케줄에 따른 시간 슬롯에서 특정 클러스터 헤드 노드와 통신이 가능한지의 여부로서 클러스터의 멤버가 될 노드를 결정하고 클러스터를 재구성한다. LEACH-Mobile 프로토콜의 시뮬레이션 결과는 이동 노드가 증가함에 따라 이동성을 지원하지 않는 기존의 LEACH 프로토콜에 비해 데이터 전송 성공률 면에서 명확한 성능 향상을 가져오는 것을 보여준다.