• Title/Summary/Keyword: Self-Conditioning

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Hypnotherapy for Warts : A Case Report (사마귀의 최면치료 1례)

  • Park, Hee-Gwan
    • Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.188-192
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    • 1998
  • Brief hypnotherapy with daily self-hypnosis was used to a 20-year-old male patient who had severe warts on the fingers of both hands for 6 years. He had had several dermatological treatments, including attempts to remove the warts with topical chemotherapy, but the warts had always recurred. During the hypnotic session, it was suggested that the warts would begin to feel cool and disappear with imaginary laser. He responded well to ideosensory suggestions and was free of the warts within 5 sessions. Inquiry after 7 months revealed that no recurrence had taken place. Finally, it is stimulating to think that harmony between mind and body involving cell-mediated immunity can intervene in conditioning the course of the skin diseases.

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A Combustion Instability Analysis of a Model Gas Turbine Combustor for Co-generation (열병합발전용 모델 가스터빈 연소기의 연소불안정 해석)

  • Cha, Dong-Jin;Shin, Dong-Myung
    • Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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    • 2009.06a
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    • pp.1449-1457
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    • 2009
  • Combustion instability is a major issue in design of co-generation gas turbine combustors for efficient operation with low emissions. Combustion instability is induced by the interaction of the unsteady heat release of the combustion process and the change in the acoustic pressure in the combustion chamber. In an effort to develop a technique to predict self-excited combustion instability of co-generation gas turbine combustors, a new stability analysis method based on the transfer matrix method is developed. The method views the combustion system as a one-dimensional acoustic system with a side branch and describes the heat source as the input to the system. This approach makes it possible to use not only the advantages of the transfer matrix method but also well established classic control theories. The approach is applied to a simple co-generation gas turbine combustion system, which shows the validity and effectiveness of the approach.

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Development and Evaluation of Fixed Abrasive Pad in Tungsten CMP (고정입자패드를 이용한 텅스텐 CMP 개발 및 평가)

  • Park, Boumyoung;Kim, Hoyoun;Kim, Gooyoun;Jeong, Haedo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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    • v.2 no.4
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    • pp.17-24
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    • 2003
  • Chemical mechanical polishing(CMP) has been applied for planarization of topography after patterning process in semiconductor fabrication process. Tungsten CMP is necessary to build up interconnects of semiconductor device. But the tungsten dishing and the oxide erosion defects appear at end-point during tungsten CMP. It has been known that the generation of dishing and erosion is based on the over-polishing time, which is determined by pattern selectivity. Fixed abrasive pad takes advantage of decreasing the defects resulting flam reducing pattern selectivity because of the lower abrasive concentration. The manufacturing technique of fixed abrasive pad using hydrophilic polymers is introduced in this paper. For application to tungsten CMP, chemicals composed of oxidizer, catalyst, and acid were developed. In comparison of the general pad and slurry for tungsten CMP, the fixed abrasive pad and the chemicals resulted in appropriate performance in point of removal rate, uniformity, material selectivity and roughness.

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Robust Vehicle Occupant Detection based on RGB-Depth-Thermal Camera (다양한 환경에서 강건한 RGB-Depth-Thermal 카메라 기반의 차량 탑승자 점유 검출)

  • Song, Changho;Kim, Seung-Hun
    • The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.31-37
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    • 2018
  • Recently, the safety in vehicle also has become a hot topic as self-driving car is developed. In passive safety systems such as airbags and seat belts, the system is being changed into an active system that actively grasps the status and behavior of the passengers including the driver to mitigate the risk. Furthermore, it is expected that it will be possible to provide customized services such as seat deformation, air conditioning operation and D.W.D (Distraction While Driving) warning suitable for the passenger by using occupant information. In this paper, we propose robust vehicle occupant detection algorithm based on RGB-Depth-Thermal camera for obtaining the passengers information. The RGB-Depth-Thermal camera sensor system was configured to be robust against various environment. Also, one of the deep learning algorithms, OpenPose, was used for occupant detection. This algorithm is advantageous not only for RGB image but also for thermal image even using existing learned model. The algorithm will be supplemented to acquire high level information such as passenger attitude detection and face recognition mentioned in the introduction and provide customized active convenience service.

A Study on the Improvement of Assessment Criteria through Green Building Certification Cases for Apartment Houses (공동주택 친환경건축물인증 사례를 통한 평가항목 개선안 연구)

  • Kim, Myoung-Shin;Hwang, Jae-Woo;Park, Kyung-Soon;Son, Won-Tug
    • Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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    • 2008.06a
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    • pp.563-568
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    • 2008
  • The Green Building Certification is issued through self-assessment of applicant, assessment of assessment members and deliberation committee members. These assessments are carried out based on a standard provided Ministry of land transport and maritime affairs and environment. However, opinion difference of assessment standards could be occurred due to diversity of understanding for a standard or subjectivity of committee member. In this paper, We discussed the primary cause of score difference after analyzed assessment standard for the site, transportation, energy and resources, ecological environment, indoor environment in five different Apartment Houses located in Seoul. At a result, score difference was at least 3 points in each section except indoor environment and total score difference of housing complex is by 10 points. To improve these problems, educational program should be activated and guide for assessment standard should be published.

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Real-time steady state identification technology of a heat pump system to develop fault detection and diagnosis system (열펌프의 고장감지 및 진단시스템 구축을 위한 실시간 정상상태 진단기법 개발)

  • Kim, Min-Sung;Yoon, Seok-Ho;Kim, Min-Soo
    • Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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    • 2008.06a
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    • pp.282-287
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    • 2008
  • Identification of steady-state is the first step in developing a fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) system. In a complete FDD system, the steady-state detector will be included as a module in a self-learning algorithm which enables the working system's reference model to "tune" itself to its particular installation. In this study, a steady-state detector of a residential air conditioner based on moving windows was designed. Seven representing measurements were selected as key features for steady-state detection. The optimized moving window size and the feature thresholds was suggested through startup transient test and no-fault steady-state test. Performance of the steady-state detector was verified during indoor load change test. From the research, the general methodology to design a moving window steady-state detector was provided for vapor compression applications.

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Literature review of technologies and energy feedback measures impacting on the reduction of building energy consumption (건물에너지 사용 저감을 위한 에너지 피드백에 관한 기초연구)

  • Lee, Eun-Ju;Pae, Min-Ho;Jang, Ji-Hyeon;Kim, Dong-Ho;Kim, Jae-Min;Kim, Jong-Yeob
    • Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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    • 2008.06a
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    • pp.813-818
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    • 2008
  • In order to reduce energy consumption, this study presents a way to energy reduction through energy-feedback which enables a household to self-recognize the need for energy reduction and respond to. The effect of this energy-feedback has been reported as $10{\sim}15%$ in average, and been actively investigated in abroad from 1970's while study in korea has been in its first step. In this study, examination on the cases of abroad study is made as it shows the effectiveness and applicability of energy feedback. And paradigms to consider for application to korea will be suggested anticipating the change of actions through energy feedback.

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Shear bond strength of a self-adhesive resin cement to resin-coated dentin (간접수복용 복합레진과 자가 접착 레진 시멘트의 전단결합강도에 레진코팅법이 미치는 영향)

  • Hong, Jee-Youn;Park, Cheol-Woo;Heo, Jeong-Uk;Bang, Min-Ki;Ryu, Jae-Jun
    • The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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    • v.51 no.1
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    • pp.27-32
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    • 2013
  • Purpose: The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of a resin coating on the shear bond strength of indirect composite restoration bonded to dentin with a self adhesive resin cement and to compare the shear bond strength with that of a conventional resin cement. Materials and methods: The occlusal enamels of thirty six extracted noncarious human molars were removed until the dentin flat surfaces of the teeth were exposed. Then, they were divided into 3 groups. The dentin surfaces of group 1 and 3 were left without any conditioning, while the dentin surfaces of group 2 were resin-coated with Clearfil SE bond and a flowable resin composite, Metafil Flo. After all specimens were temporized for 24 hours, indirect composite resin blocks fabricated by Tescera were bonded to dentins by Unicem for group 1 and 2, and by Panavia F for group 3. After 48 hours of water storage, shear bond strengths were measured. The data was analyzed with one-way analysis of variance and multiple comparison test (Tukey method). Results: The shear bond strengths of Unicem applied to resin coated dentin surfaces were significantly higher than those of Unicem and Panavia F used to uncoated dentin surfaces (P<.0001). Conclusion: Application of a resin coating to the dentin surface significantly improved the shear bonding strength of a self adhesive resin cement in indirect restoration.

The micro-tensile bond strength of two-step self-etch adhesive to ground enamel with and without prior acid-etching (산부식 전처리에 따른 2단계 자가부식 접착제의 연마 법랑질에 대한 미세인장결합강도)

  • Kim, You-Lee;Kim, Jee-Hwan;Shim, June-Sung;Kim, Kwang-Mahn;Lee, Keun-Woo
    • The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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    • v.46 no.2
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    • pp.148-156
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    • 2008
  • Statement of problems: Self-etch adhesives exhibit some clinical benefits such as ease of manipulation and reduced technique-sensitivity. Nevertheless, some concern remains regarding the bonding effectiveness of self-etch adhesives to enamel, in particular when so-called 'mild' self-etch adhesives are employed. This study compared the microtensile bond strengths to ground enamel of the two-step self-etch adhesive Clearfil SE Bond (Kuraray) to the three-step etch-and- rinse adhesive Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (3M ESPE) and the one-step self-etch adhesive iBond (Heraeus Kulzer). Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a preceding phosphoric acid conditioning step on the bonding effectiveness of a two-step self-etch adhesive to ground enamel. Material and methods: The two-step self-etch adhesive Clearfil SE Bond non-etch group, Clearfil SE Bond etch group with prior 35% phosphoric acid etching, and the one-step self-etch adhesive iBond group were used as experimental groups. The three-step etch-and-rinse adhesive Scotchbond Multi-Purpose was used as a control group. The facial surfaces of bovine incisors were divided in four equal parts cruciformly, and randomly distributed into each group. The facial surface of each incisor was ground with 800-grit silicon carbide paper. Each adhesive group was applied according to the manufacturer's instructions to ground enamel, after which the surface was built up using Light-Core (Bisco). After storage in distilled water at $37^{\circ}C$ for 1 week, the restored teeth were sectioned into enamel beams approximately 0.8*0.8mm in cross section using a low speed precision diamond saw (TOPMET Metsaw-LS). After storage in distilled water at $37^{\circ}C$ for 1 month, 3 months, microtensile bond strength evaluations were performed using microspecimens. The microtensile bond strength (MPa) was derived by dividing the imposed force (N) at time of fracture by the bond area ($mm^2$). The mode of failure at the interface was determined with a microscope (Microscope-B nocular, Nikon). The data of microtensile bond strength were statistically analyzed using a one-way ANOVA, followed by Least Significant Difference Post Hoc Test at a significance level of 5%. Results: The mean microtensile bond strength after 1 month of storage showed no statistically significant difference between all adhesive groups (P>0.05). After 3 months of storage, adhesion to ground enamel of iBond was not significantly different from Clearfil SE Bond etch (P>>0.05), while Clearfil SE Bond non-etch and Scotchbond Multi-Purpose demonstrated significantly lower bond strengths (P<0.05), with no significant differences between the two adhesives. Conclusion: In this study the microtensile bond strength to ground enamel of two-step self-etch adhesive Clearfil SE Bond was not significantly different from three-step etch-and-rinse adhesive Scotchbond Multi-Purpose, and prior etching with 35% phosphoric acid significantly increased the bonding effectiveness of Clearfil SE Bond to enamel at 3 months.

A Comparison of shear Bonding Strength with Polyacrylic acid and Phosphoric acid Enamel Surface Conditioning (폴리아크릴산과 인산으로 법랑질표면 처리후 전단결합강도의 비교)

  • Roh, Joung-Sub;Kim, Sang-Cheol
    • The korean journal of orthodontics
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    • v.32 no.1 s.90
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    • pp.51-57
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    • 2002
  • The purpose of this study was to compare in vitro shear bonding strength with three different enamel surface preparations (1) 30% sulfated polyacrylic acid with 0.3M lithium sulfate (2) 40% sulfated polyacrylic acid with 0.3M lithium sulfate (3) 37% phosphoric acid. 105 extracted human premolar teeth were divided into each three groups of 35. Metal brackets were bonded to teeth in the three groups. The same self curing resin was used for all groups. A shearing force was applied to the teeth. After debonding, bases of bracket and enamel surfaces were examined under steroscopic microscope to determine the failure modes. Statistical analysis of the data was carried out with one way ANOVA and Student t- test. The results were as follows. 1. Shear bond strength values for the 30% polyacrylic acid and 40% polyacrylic acid group were approximately two thirds of the phosphoric acid group. It maintains clinically acceptable but not enough bond strength. 2. There was no statistically significant difference in shear bond strengths between 30% and 40% polyacrylic acid group. 3. The failure modes of brackets had some differences. In polyacrylic acid groups, the percentage of adhesive/enamel failure was higher than that of adhesive/ bracket interface failure. On the contrary in phosphoric acid groups, the results were reversed. Further study of bond strength could be required. If polyacrylic acid enamel conditioning is used clinically.