• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.103-109
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• 2007

The increasing industrialization of the world has led to precipitous rise for the demand of petroleum-based fuels. The world is presently confronted with the twin crises of fossil fuel depletion and environmental pollution. The search for alternative fuels, which promise a harmonious correlation with sustainable development, energy conservation, efficiency and environmental preservation, has become highly pronounced in the present. Bioenergy is playing an increasingly important role as an alternative and renewable source of energy. Use of Bioenergy has several potential environmental advantages. The most important perhaps is reduction in life cycle greenhouse gases emissions relatives petroleum fuels, since bioenergy is derived from plants which convert Carbon dioxide ($CO_{2}$) into Carbohydrates in their growth. Bioenergy includes solid biomass, biomas and liquid bio-fuels which are fuels derived from crop plants, and include biomass that's directly burned. The two most important bio liquid fuels today are bioethanol from fermenting grain, grass, straw or wood, and biodiesel from plant seed oil.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.282-290
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• 2019

Cuphea viscosissima plants accumulate medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs), i.e., those containing 8 ~ 14 carbons, in their seeds, in addition to the longer carbon chain fatty acids (≥16 carbons) found in a variety of plant species. Previous studies have reported the existence of three C. viscosissima MCFA-producing acyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) thioesterases with different substrate specificities. In this study, CvFatB4, a novel cDNA clone encoding an acyl-ACP thioesterase (EC 3.1.2.14), was isolated from developing C. viscosissima seeds. Sequence alignment of the deduced amino acid sequence revealed that four catalytic residues for thioesterase activity are conserved and a putative N-terminal chloroplast transit peptide is present. Overexpression of CvFatB4 cDNA, which was under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter, in Arabidopsis thaliana led to an increase in 16:0 fatty acid (palmitate) levels in the seed oil at the expense of 18:1 and other non-MCFAs.

• Plant Resources
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.258-262
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• 2005

In autumn, to determine the optimal planting date and plant density of rapeseed in southern areas of Korea, Yudal variety for autumn sowing, the highest yielding variety was grown under three different planting dates and five different plant densities. Yield components such as plant height, ear length, number of seedling stand per $m^2$, number of branches and pod length were highest at the plots with Sep. 30 of planting date and 30/20 cm drilling of plant density. Yield of seed, oil and 1,000 grains weight were highest at the Sep.30 of planting date and 30/20 cm drilling of plant density. Judging from the results reported above, at optimum planting date and plant density of rapeseed seemed to be Sep.30 of planting date and 30/20cm plant density in autumn sowing.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.415-420
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• 2009

This study was carried out to select economical byproduct composts as the substitute for the traditional organic fertilizer, Yacto, in the cultivation of ginseng seedlings, and to investigate the application method of a selected compost. Among tested byproduct composts, popped rice hull compost was the best substitute for Yacto, while the application of domestic animal manure composts resulted in red skinned roots of ginseng seedlings. Optimal mixing ratio of the popped rice hull compost with virgin soil (fine sand) were 3~4 : 1 in bulk, showing the same root yield compared to that of conventional seedbed soil. When the popped rice hull compost was lower than $1\;{\pm}\;0.1%$ in nitrogen content, the expeller cake of oil seed was added to seedbed soil to rise nitrogen content until $1\;{\pm}\;0.1%$.

• Plant Breeding and Biotechnology
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.444-453
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• 2018

The rice bran oil contained in brown rice is composed of highly valued ingredient. Improving the content of unsaturated fatty acids in rice seed, such as oleic acid, linoleic acid, and ${\alpha}$-linolenic acid, would provide more benefit to human health. Fatty acid content is quantitative trait controlled by multiple genes. We have utilized high-density SNP data from highly advanced breeding populations to identify QTLs for fatty acid contents in brown rice. Here, we identified 51 major QTLs (M-QTLs) and 25 epistatic QTLs (EpQTLs) related to eleven fatty acid contents. Eight and four M-QTLs were pleiotropically associated with the content of different fatty acids in MT-RILs and DT-RILs, respectively. Total effect of M-QTLs for palmitic acid (16:0), oleic acid (18:1), and linoleic acid (18:2), could explain phenotypic variations of 36.7%, 63.7%, and 41% in MT-RILs, respectively. Alpha-linolenic acid which is important for a human's health could be explained phenotypic variation of 15.7% by six M-QTLs. These QTLs identified in this study can be used to improve nutritious content in rice breeding programs.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.550-558
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• 2006

We developed a kind of soy-based sauce for stews using three recipes and sensory evaluation processes, and examined the biological activities such as antioxidative, fibrinolytic and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activities of hot water extract of Cornus officinalis S. et Z in order to use as functional ingredient. The developed stew was composed of soy sauce $1\frac{1}{2}$ Tbsp, sugar $1\frac{1}{4}$ Tbsp, garlic, small green onion, powdered sesame and sesame seed oil $\frac{1}{2}$ tsp, respectively, ginger extract $\frac{1}{4}$ tsp, black pepper $\frac{1}{8}$ and water $\frac{2}{3}$C per 300 g of main ingredients(pork rib, chicken and dried pollack). It was evaluated more highly acceptable than the original recipes by sensory test. Replacement of water in the recipe of the developed stew sauce with hot water extract of Cornus officinalis S. et Z did' nt affect the sensory quality. From the above results. we concluded that hot water extract of Cornus officinalis S. et Z might be a excellent source to provide health functionality.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2020년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.71-71
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• 2020

Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge, the sole species in the genus Xanthoceras, is a flowering plant in the family Sapindaceae. It is an important tree species being a source of edible oil and biodiesel with a capacity as a pioneer of degraded and desert land. Seeds of X. sorbifolia were collected from two plantations and two superior trees in Inner Mongolia; and one plantation and one superior tree in Liaoning, China. An inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) analysis showed genetic variation among four artificial populations in China: two in Inner Mongolia (IM), one in Liaoning (LN), and one in Shandong (SD). The average percentage of polymorphic loci was 81.25 % for these four populations. Based on an analysis of molecular variance, 23 % of the total genetic variation was found among populations, and 77 % within populations. Traits of seeds varied considerably between and among areas, for example two trees produced quite different seeds in several traits although they are adjacent to each other in the same farm. As much attention has not been paid to the traits of seeds, there should be a genetic test to understand this variation. It is necessary to obtain information on seed characteristics first and then provide basic information for further research on the selection of superior trees and provenances.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.222-226
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• 2003

The effects of dietary sources of C18:2 n-6 or C18:3 n-3 fatty acids on the occurrence of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and time-dependent changes of free fatty acid fractions in rumen contents were investigated. Sheep (n=4) fitted with rumen fistula were used in a 44 Latin square design wxith each 14 d period. Sheep were fed one of four diets consisting of grass hay and concentrates in a ratio of 70:30. Dietary treatments were 100% concentrates (served as the control), and concentrates were replaced by safflower seed at 30% (SFS), safflower meal at 18% - safflower oil at 12% (SFO), and safflower meal at 18%-linseed oil at 12% (LNO). At the end of each experimental period, rumen contents from each sheep were collected before feeding and at 1, 3, 6 and 12 h after feeding. The levels of cis-9, trans-11 CLA in free fatty acid fraction were considerably increased in all treated groups relative to the control, but not significantly. The increase in cis-9, trans-11 CLA was slightly higher in SFS and SFO groups than group fed diet containing linseed oil. The level of cis-9, trans-11 CLA in free fatty acid fraction was reached to the maximum value at 1hr after feeding and, thereafter gradually decreased to near the value before feeding. The generation of trans-11 C18:1 was significantly higher in all treated groups than that of control. The level of trans-11 C18:1 was linearly increased after feeding of experimental diets, reaching the maximum value at 3 h. Feeding of diets containing polyunsaturated fats to sheep resulted in a marked increase in the levels of trans-11 C18:1 and a slight increase of CLA in free fatty acid fraction of rumen contents. Our results support that endogenous synthesis of CLA from trans-11 C18:1 may be involved the primary source of CLA in dairy product. (Asian-Aust.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.243-248
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• 2004

인간 면역 세포 중 하나인 T세포에 대한 각 시료의 생육촉진 활성은 시료의 1.0 g/l에서 기준물질로 사용한 유향열매의 정유 성분이 T세포의 생육촉진 활성 측정에서 가장 좋은 활성을 나타내었으며, 노간주나무의 열매의 정유성분이 줄기 부분의 정유 성분보다 높은 생육 촉진 활성을 보였다. T 세포의 각 cell 당 $TNF-{\alpha}$의 분비량을 살펴보면 모든 시료의 정유 성분들이 배양 2일째 최대분비량을 나타내었고, IL-6의 경우는 모든 시료들이 배양 시간 의존적으로 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 유방암 세포인 MCF-7에 대한 각 시료의 생육 억제 활성은 각 정유 성분에 대하여 농도 의존적인 경향을 나타내었으며, 가장 좋은 활성을 나타낸 시료는 노간주나무 열매의 정유 성분으로 약 84%의 높은 생육 억제 활성을 나타내었으며, 유향 열매와 노간주나무 줄기의 정유 성분들도 약 80%에 가까운 높은 생육 억제 활성을 나타내었다. 간암 세포인 Hep3B에 대한 각 정유 성분들의 암세포 생육 억제 활성도 유방암 세포와 같이 각 정유 성분에 대하여 농도 의존적인 경향을 나타내었으며, 유향 열매의 정유 성분이 약 83%의 높은 생육 억제 활성을 나타내어 가장 좋은 활성을 나타내었다. 항암 및 면역기능의 역할에 대한 분자수준에서의 검증을 위해 HL-60 세포의 분화도를 살펴본 결과, 배양 시간 의존적으로 분화도가 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 유향열매의 정유 성분이 Control 군에 비하여 1.38배의 증진활성을 나타내어 가장 높은 분화도를 나타내었으며, 노간주 열매의 정유 성분이 줄기의 정유 성분에 비하여 높은 분화도를 나타내었다.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2003년도 생물공학의 동향(XII)
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• pp.40-44
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• 2003

Soil-borne infectious disease including Pythium aphanidermatum and Rhizoctonia solani causes severe damage to plants, such as cucumber. This soil-borne infectious disease was not controlled effectively by chemical pesticide. Since these diseases spread through the soil, chemical agents are usually ineffective. Instead, biological control, including antagonistic microbe can be used as a preferred control method. An efficient method was developed to select an antagonistic strain to be used as a biological control agent strain. In this new method, surface tension reduction potential of an isolate was included in the ‘decision factor’ in addition to the other factors, such as growth rate, and pathogen inhibition rate. Considering these 3 decision factors by a statistical method, an isolate from soil was selected and was identified as Bacillus sp. GB16. In the pot test, this strain showed the best performance among the isolated strains. The lowest disease incidence rate and fastest seed growth was observed when Bacillus sp. GB16 was used. Therefore this strain was considered as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). The action of surface tension reducing component was deduced as the enhancement of wetting, spreading, and residing of antagonistic strain in the rhizosphere. This result showed that new selection method was significantly effective in selecting the best antagonistic strain for biological control of soil-borne infectious plant pathogen. The antifungal substances against P. aphanidermatum and R. solani were partially purified from the culture filtrates of Bacillus sp. GB16. In this study, lipopeptide possessing antifungal activity was isolated from Bacillus sp. GB16 cultures by various purification procedures and was identified as a surfactin-like lipopeptide based on the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), high performance liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (HPLC-MS), and quadrupole time-of-flight (Q-TOF) ESI-MS/MS data. The lipopeptide, named GB16-BS, completely inhibited the growth of Pythium aphanidermatum, Rhizoctonia solani, Penicillium sp., and Botrytis cineria at concentrations of 10 and 50 mg/L, respectively. A novel method to prevent the foaming and to provide oxygen was developed. During the production of surface active agent, such as lipopeptide (surfactin), large amount of foam was produced by aeration. This resulted in the carryover of cells to the outside of the fermentor, which leads to the significant loss of cells. Instead of using cell-toxic antifoaming agents, low amount of hydrogen peroxide was added. Catalase produced by cells converted hydrogen peroxide into oxygen and water. Also addition of corn oil as an oxygen vector as well as antifoaming agent was attempted. In addition, Ca-stearate, a metal soap, was added to enhance the antifoam activity of com oil. These methods could prevent the foaming significantly and maintained high dissolved oxygen in spite of lower aeration and agitation. Using these methods, high cell density, could be achieved with increased lipopeptide productivity. In conclusion to produce an effective biological control agent for soil-borne infectious disease, following strategies were attempted i) effective screening of antagonist by including surface tension as an important decision factor ii) identification of antifungal compound produced from the isolated strain iii) novel oxygenation by $H_2O_2-catalase$ with vegetable oil for antifungal lipopeptide production.