• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.62-66
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• 2002

To investigate the critical seeding date for Daeyeupdlkkae in the middle area of Korea, we seeded from 30 April to 20 July with 20-day intervals on the experimental field in Chungbuk-Do agricultural research and extension service. As seeding date was delayed, days to emergence were shortened, flowering and maturing date were delayed, but maturing period was not significantly affected by seeding date. Delayed seed date resulted in decreased stem length, culm diameter, number of branches per plant and number of nodes on the main stem. Cluster length and 1,000 grain weight increased but number of cluster per plant and number of seed capsules per cluster decreased with delayed seeding. Seeding date up to 10 June showed no effected on grain yield, but 30 June and 20 July decreased 10% and 38%, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2014.11a
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• pp.992-993
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• 2014

임의 숫자는 여러 분야에서 다양하게 사용되고 있으며, 크게 True Random Number와 Pseudo Random Number로 구분지어 지는데, 대부분의 경우 Pseudo Random Number를 사용하고 있다. 이 경우, 동일한 Seed에 대해서는 항상 동일한 값을 반환하기 때문에, 진정한 임의 숫자라고 하기는 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 임의 숫자에 대한 기본 정의와 더불어 정지 영상을 이용하여 임의 숫자를 생성하는 방법에 대해 알아보고, 기존의 Pseudo Random Number와의 차이점을 설명하도록 하겠다.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.19B no.4
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• pp.209-220
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• 2012

In this paper, we propose an adaptive pavement region detection method that is robust to changes of structural patterns in a natural scene. In order to segment out a pavement reliably, we propose two step approaches. We first detect the borderline of a pavement and separate out the candidate region of a pavement using VRays. The VRays are straight lines starting from a vanishing point. They split out the candidate region that includes the pavement in a radial shape. Once the candidate region is found, we next employ the adaptive multi-seed region growing(A-MSRG) method within the candidate region. The A-MSRG method segments out the pavement region very accurately by growing seed regions. The number of seed regions are to be determined adaptively depending on the encountered situation. We prove the effectiveness of our approach by comparing its performance against the performances of seed region growing(SRG) approach and multi-seed region growing(MSRG) approach in terms of the false detection rate.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.480-488
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• 2015

Background : In order to determine the effects of planting methods on root growth of ginseng varieties, two different methods, direct seed sowing and transplanting were compared in terms of their effects on different root growth characteristics. Methods and Results : Higher fresh root weight was observed in ginseng grown by direct seed sowing. Direct seed sowing of three cultivars (Sunhyang, Chungsun and K-1) resulted in higher yield, whereas no difference was observed in the yield of one cultivar (Chungsun). Gumpoong was highly tolerant to physiological stress, as it showed fewer symptoms of rusty and rough skin root diseases in both direct seed sowing and transplanting. The average main root length per total root length of ginseng grown by direct seed sowing was 33.6%, whereas that of ginseng grown by the average of those by transplanting was 22.4%. Other root growth characteristics, including root length, main root diameter, and number of side roots, improved when the direct seed sowing method was used. Conclusions : To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the differences in root growth parameters of ginseng varieties grown by direct seed sowing or transplanting at the same planting density. Because of the advantages of direct sowing during ginseng planting, developing new varieties and improving cultivation methods are imperative.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.152-155
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• 2003

Burcucumber (Sicyos angulatus L.), used as a medicinal or rootstock for cucurbitaceous crops have shown high variation in seed maturity and size. This study was carried out to determine the effect of seed maturity and size on seed germination, seedling emergence and growth of burcucumber, Seeds collected from a native site were divided into small, medium and large ones after sorted to mature and immature ones. Their germination, seedling emergence and growth were done in indoor and a green house. Mature seeds showed higher germination and seedling emergence rate than immature ones. Regardless of their maturity, medium. and small seeds showed higher germination rate than large ones. Medium and large seeds, however, had the greatest and the least seedling emergence, respectively. Seedling height, number of true leaves areas of cotyledons and true leaves except hypocotyl length were increased with increased seed size although were not affected by the maturity. Cotyledon, leaf, hypocotyl, root and their total dry weights were greater in large mature seeds than large immature ones while increased with increased seed size in both maturities.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.305-311
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• 2015

In this research, we surveyed the yield change of garlic cultivation with seed bulbs according to annual field culture after induced meristem culture. From 2007 to 2013, yearly produced seed bulbs from $2^{nd}$ to $8^{th}$ generation were cultivated in the Muan field. Over the generations, the general growth characteristics such as the plant height, leaf number, leaf length and stem diameter were all decreased. When we compared the conventional seed bulbs and TCR ones, the plant height and stem diameter showed bigger difference. And the TCR seed bulbs showed a week late harvest time against the conventional ones. The yield of $2^{nd}$ generation was 72.3 g and 57.1 g for the $8^{th}$ generation. However every generation showed higher yield than conventional seed garlic's ones as 43.9 g. The yield index showed the same trend as $2^{nd}-8^{th}$ to 63% to 21%. After the tissue culture of garlics, the viral infections (OYDV and GSV) of TCR was far less than that of conventional ones. In case of LYSV, the infection ratio was 6.7% at $2^{nd}$ generation and 26% at $8^{th}$. However, the ratio was far less than that (80%) of the conventional ones.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.166-171
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• 1998

In order to improve the efficiency of F$_1$ hybrid seeds production(KF 114), some experiments were carried out in a greenhouse this year. Mother plant(MSNC567) and pollen plant(NC) were grown in some pots (30 x 30cm, WxH). The gathered pollens were mixed with celite, pollen deluent dusts and stored in refrigerator at l$0^{\circ}C$ before pollination. To establish the critical range of the mixed rate and the storage period of pollens, the change in a percent of capsule set, number of seed and seed weight per capsule, weight of 1000 seeds and germination percent of seed resulted of pollination with pollen deluent dusts were investigated. The results are as follows; Percent of capsule set showed the mixed rate 1:5 resulted in no difference and those of 1:10 and 1:20 decreased about 5 ～15% when compared with trials using pollen alone. There was no difference among duration of storage in a same mixed rate. Numbers of seed per capsule showed a significant difference among the mixed rates and among durations of storage. Numbers of seed per capsule were decreased about 55 ～ 90 % as the mixed rate increase, about 2 ～ 28 % as the duration of storage increase. Weight of seed per capsule decreased about 16 ～ 23 % as the duration increase and decreased about 3 ～ 89 % as the mixed rate increase when compared with trials using pollen alone. Weight of 1000 seeds showed non significant difference among duration of storage but were higher than trials used pollen alone as the mixed rate increase.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.100 no.2
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• pp.131-135
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• 2011

To examine the sex morph, fruiting characteristics and seed viabilities of Acer palmatum var. matsumurae (Koidz.) Makino, the flowers and seed-sets of 101 trees were collected from early April to late October 2010, and floral structure and seed viability were studied. Among investigated 101 trees, 73.3% of trees were protandrous (PA: pollen is shed before stigmas are receptive) and 26.7% were protogynous (PG: stigmas are receptive before pollen is shed). Acer palmatum var. matsumurae has heterodichogamous sexual system. Number of flowers and seed-sets per inflorescence are significantly different between sex morphs, and PA has more flowers and seed-sets per inflorescence than PG. Rates of sound seeds and decayed seeds are significantly different between sex morphs. Rates of sound seeds were 46.4% in PA, but 65.6% in PG. and rates of decayed seeds were 49.6% in PA, but 23.6% in PG. The differences of decayed seeds' rates between sex morphs might be related with the timing of pistil flower blooming and insect pests' outbreak.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.181-188
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• 2012

Salicornia europaea (glasswort) is succulent, annual, halophytic plant mainly distributed throughout reclaimed land or salt marsh. It has strong tolerance to salt so that it plays the part of the pioneer species in the first succession. According to domestic and foreign studies, S. europaea contains plenty of minerals and antioxidant in the body. Since people take note of an availableness of this plant as health diet, the natural growth sites are threatened. In addition to development of salt marsh and sea shore, imprudent harvest has a bad effect to S. europaea population maintenance. To seek ways to preserve the population of this plant, we carried out the continuity of seed germination and restoration test. Seokmo Island, Daebu Island, Youngjong Island and Sudokwon landfill in Korea are selected sites for research. Result of germination continuity shows that most S. europaea seeds germinate on March but no more after July. However the germination was occurred after that time in the greenhouse. So we concluded that no germination after July is a matter of environmental condition not the number of remaining seeds. Also germination was seldom occurred in the spot where seeds production was not happened. In result of continuity test of seed germination by soil depth, germination was occurred vigorously only in top soil. From these results, we note that most S. europaea germinate in the early spring, and germination is finished by July. And this rapid germination speed makes the number of seeds in soil seed bank rare. If a large number of S. europaea in some area are harvested after July, the number of this species will dramatically decrease in that area the following year. In Seokmo Island, we carried out reintroduction experiment by sowing S. europaea seeds. On the first year, a small number of S. europaea settled and they produced seeds successfully. On April 2010, the second year, we observed many S. europaea in seed sowing sites. And we found out that plowing is more efficient than treatment sea water for settlement of S. europaea.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.307-311
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• 2014

This study was conducted to evaluate effect of plants number per hill (PNH) on growth and yield of sorghum in drained paddy field for 2 years. Crop growth and development and yield in the field was examined to know the efficiency of proposed cropping system. At seeding after 40 days, leaf number and stem diameter were highest at 1 PNH plot, on the other hands, plant height was at 5 PNH plot the $1^{st}$ and $2^{nd}$, respectively. The harvest stage, 5 PNH plot was highest culm length of 183, 188 cm the $1^{st}$ and $2^{nd}$, however, culm diameter was lowest. Culm length of sorghum was highest by 183, 188 cm at 5 PNH plot also, culm diameter was thickest by 19.18, 20.13 mm at 1 PNH, respectively. Yield components of ear length, seed number per ear and 1000-seed weight were highest at 1 PNH the $1^{st}$ and $2^{nd}$, respectively. As yield of sorghum was highest at 2 PNH plot $344kg{\cdot}10a^{-1}$, $382kg{\cdot}10a^{-1}$ yearly, respectively that it were in order of 1 PNH plot > 3 PNH plot > 4 PNH plot > 5 PNH plot.