• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.336-341
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• 2024

In this study, the economic and environmental feasibility of seaweed by-products as livestock feed ingredients was evaluated. In the last three years (2021-2023), the estimated average annual production of domestic seaweed by-products, including processing residuals from sea mustard and kelp, was 210,000 tons. The economic feasibility analysis of using seaweed by-products as livestock feed indicated a net benefit of 482,237 KRW per ton. Additionally, substituting seaweed by-products at 0.25% 0.5%, 1%, and 2% in livestock compound feed generated net benefits of 6.5, 12.9, 25.9, and 51.7 billion KRW, respectively. The potential market value was analyzed from an environmental perspective by examining the greenhouse gas reduction potential of seaweed additives. By adding 2% laver, 2% sea mustard, and 0.25% sea mustard sporophyll to the feed, greenhouse gas emissions could be reduced by economic values estimated at 10.8, 11.4, and 15.6 billion KRW, respectively. The findings of this study suggest that the use of seaweed by-products livestock as feed ingredients can generate economic and environmental benefits.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.503-507
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• 1999

To study the residue of organophosphorus pesticides in the ocean environment on the Cheju island, EPN[O-ethyl-O-4-nitrophenyl phenylphosphonothioate] and monocrotophos [Dimethyl-1-methyl-2-methyl carba-moylvinylphosphate] of organophosphorus pesticides are surveyed on coastal environment of Cheju city and Wimi in May and October 1996. The qualified limit detection of EPN and monocrotophos are 0.005ng/mL and 0.006ng/mL in the water by GC-FPD, respectively. The qualified limit detection of EPN and monocrotophos are 0.010ng/g and 0.012ng/g in the solid such as sediment and sea organism by GC-FPD, respectively. EPN and monocrotophos are not detected in seawater and sedimnet. Moreover EPN and monocrotophos are neither detected in seaweed cava (Ecklonia cava), Agar (Gelidium amansii), turban sell(Batillus cornutus) and sea urchin(Anthocidaris Crassispina). EPN, monocrotophos used in the farm on the Cheju island are not residued in the coastal environment in the Cheju island.

• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.252-259
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• 2006

Extracts which were prepared by four different extractions - 80% methanol extracts (ME) at high ($70^{\circ}C$) and a room temperature ($20^{\circ}C$), respectively and aqueous extracts (AE) at both temperatures with the residue after the methanol extracts - of 10 green, 19 brown and 25 red seaweeds collected in Jeju Island coast were examined for their DPPH free radical scavenging activity using a ESR (electron spin resonance) spectroscopy. A variety of the extracts showed positive scavenging effect against DPPH free radical (except the green seaweeds). Among the extracts, the brown seaweed extracts exhibited the highest scavenging activity. Especially, Sargassum spp. of the brown seaweeds have remarkable scavenging activities - both methanolic and aqueous at the both temperatures ($20^{\circ}C$ and $70^{\circ}C$). On the other hand, ME showed better scavenging activity than AE in the red seaweed extracts. These results indicate that autogenous seaweeds in Jeju will be potential natural antioxidants for functional food compounds.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.341-346
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• 2002

To investigate the residue of organophosphorus pesticides such as Monocrotophos［Dimethyl-1-methyl-2-methyl carbamoylvinylphosphate］and EPN［O-ethyl-O-4-nitrophenyl phenylphosphonothioate］in the coastal environment of Cheju island, samples of sea organism, water and sediment were collected at the Sackdaldong and Daepodong near the Jungmoon golf course in July and Aug. 1997. The qualified detection limit of mono-crotophos and EPN by GC -FPD were 0.024 ng/g and 0.020 ng/g in the sea organism, respectively Neither Monocrotophos nor EPN was detected in seaweed cava (Ecklonia cava), Agar (Gelidium amansii), turban sell (Batillus cornutus) and sea urchin (Anthocidaris Crassispina). They were not detected in seawater and sediment, either. These results showed that the coastal area near the Jungmoon golf course in the Cheju island was not polluted by the organophosphorus pesticides such as Monocrotophos and EPN.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 1999

For the determination of coastal environmental contamination level of benomyl, benzimidazole pesticide, the residue of benomyl in various environmental samples on the Cheju island was monitored in May, August and October 1996, respectively. The residue of benomyl was determined as carbendazim because benomyl was converted to carbendazim (methyl 2- benzimidazolecarbamate) in the environment. The qualified limit detection of benomyl was $0.2{\mu}g/L$ in ocean water and $0.4{\mu}g/kg$ in the solid such as sediment and sea organism by HPLC with UV detector. Benomyl was not detected in any water and sediment. Moreover benomyl was neither detected in seaweed cava(Ecklonia Cava), agar(Gelidium amansii), turban sell(Batillus cornutus) and sea urchin(Anthocidaris Crassispina). Above date suggest that the benomyl used in the Cheju island is not the major source of coastal contamination.

• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.29-35
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• 2019

In the present study, the alcoholic and enzymatic extracts of Ecklonia maxima were prepared and their antioxidant activities were evaluated via the free radical scavenging activities. The lyophilized seaweed powder was extracted by 70% ethanol and the resultant extract was obtained, named as the alcoholic extract of E. maxima stem (EMSE) obtained. The residue after EMSE preparation was continuously by Celluclast-assistant extraction and then the obtained enzymatic extract was identified as polysaccharides-rich extract of E. maxima stem (EMSP). The results indicated that the extraction yields of EMSE and EMSP were 2.18% and 5.43%, respectively. In addition, the free radical scavenging activities of EMSE and EMSP were determined using an electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometer. EMSE containing 5.36% of polyphenol and 1.56% of polysaccharide scavenged DPPH and alkyl radicals at the $IC_{50}$ values of 0.48 and 0.63 mg/mL, respectively. EMSP containing 0.33% of polyphenol and 41.58% of polysaccharide showed at the $IC_{50}$ values of 0.33 and 0.55 mg/mL, respectively. These results demonstrate that EMSP containing a high amount of polysaccharides possesses a strong free radical scavenging activity which might be a potential ingredient in pharmacological and cosmeceutical industries.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.38.1-38.9
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• 2018

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a disturbing and advanced neurodegenerative disease and is characterized pathologically by the accumulation of amyloid beta ($A{\beta}$) and the hyperphosphorylation of tau proteins in the brain. The deposition of $A{\beta}$ aggregates triggers synaptic dysfunction, and neurodegeneration, which lead to cognitive disorders. Here, we found that FF isolated from an eatable perennial brown seaweed E.bicyclis protect against $A{\beta}$-induced neurotoxicity in neuroblastoma cells stably transfected with two amyloid precursor protein (APP) constructs: the APP695 cDNA (SH-SY5Y-APP695swe). The FF demonstrated strong inhibitory activity for ${\beta}$-secretase ($IC_{50}$ $16.1{\mu}M$) and its inhibition pattern was investigated using Lineweaver-Burk and Dixon plots, and found to be non-competitive. Then, we tested whether FF could inhibit production of $A{\beta}$ in SH-SY5Y-APP695swe. FF inhibited the production of $A{\beta}$ and soluble-APP, residue of APP from cleaved APP by ${\beta}$-secretase. Our data show that FF can inhibit the production of $A{\beta}$ and soluble-$APP{\beta}$ via inhibition of ${\beta}$-secretase activity. Taken together these results suggest that FF may be worthy of future study as an anti-AD treatment.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.225-234
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• 1979

For the effective utilization of diverse and abundant resource of seaweeds in Korea as a food protein supplment, extraction conditions of water, salt, and alkali soluble proteins were investigated in previous work(Ryu and Lee, 1977: Lee et al., 1977: Lee et al., 1978). The present study as a part of the serial work was thus aimed to find the conditions of isolation and purification of extracted proteins, and to evaluate the nutritional quality of the isolated seaweed proteins in terms of amino acid composition, chemical score, protein score, modified essential amino acid index(MEAAI), and in vitro digestibility presented as pepsin-pancreatin digest residue index (PPDRI). As for the isolation of extracted proteins, TCA treatment was more effective for the proteins from rhodophyceae and Chlorophyceae while the precipitation at isoelectric point was more desirable for Phaeophyceae proteins. In amino acid composition, water soluble protein fraction was superior to the other fractions in Porphyra suborbiculata whereas both water and alkali soluble fractions seemed to bo more benefitial for Enteromorpha linza and Ulva pertusa; the extraction with alcohol-alkali mixed solvent for Undaria pinnatifida and Sargassum fulvellum. Glutamic acid and aspartic acid content was particularly high in all protein fractions examined. The total amino acid content of Porphyra suborbiculata and Enteromorpha linza was almost equivalent to that of dried whole egg although the essential amino acid content was lower. A comparative analysis was made on the inedexes between raw seaweed powder and isolated protein. Chemical score of Porphyra suborbiculata and Ulva pertusa was approximately 35 and 56 in cafes of raw powder and isolated protein respectively while only 10 to 16 for raw powder of Undaria pinnatifida and Sargassum fulvellum and 30 to 35 for their isolated proteins. Protein score of all isolated proteins was in the range of 63 to 73 which indicates that isolated protein would be mere valuable than the fern of raw seaweed powder. Digestibility by means of PPDRI was found to be extremely low in case of raw powder but it could be doubled in case of isolated protein yielding 67 to 70 for Porphyra suborbiculata and Ulva pertusa.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.10-19
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• 1984

The Purpose of this study was to investigate the food preferences of college students of Korea. The survey was conducted on november, 1981 through the questionnaires. The subjects were 1184 male and 1241 female students of 9 universities. The results obtained were summarized as follows : 1) Preferences of staple foods : Cooked rice was preferred most by the subjects. Male liked rice more than female, whereas female liked bread and noodle more than male. Among the different kinds of rice, bread, and noodles, the following food items were favored by the subjects. (plain rice, red bean rice and soybean rice ; salad bread and vegetable bread ; Nangmyun and Bibim Kooksu). The foods not preferred were barley rice, instant noodle and soybean milk noodle. 2) Preference of side - dishes : Among the kinds of side - dishes by different preparation methods, stews were the most favored and the next favored were soups by the subiecls whereas female showed lower preference of soups than male subjects Most disliked kinds of side-dishes were changachi and moochim. For example, side-dishes which showed higher preference in each preparation method were stew (Kimchi stew and Soybean paste stew), soup (Beef soup and Seaweed soup), kimchi (Korean cabbage Kimchi), Bockeum (Sauted beef and Sauted Kimchil, cheon(Beef Cheon, fish Cheon), Kui(broiled saury and broiled yellow tail runner), Chorim(braised cuttle fish and braised fish cake), Namul(sliced radish, cucumber, and spinachi), and Changachi (dried radish). The side-dishes which showed lower preference were Alaskan pollack soup, soybean curd residue stew, cabbage Kimchi, liver Cheon, sauted liver, hairtail Chorim, radish rootNamul, and dried radish root Changachi. 3) Preferences of snacks. Fruits apple, peach, pear) were the most preferred snacks by the subjects. Male preferred ginsang tea whereas famale preferred coffee. Both bate and female subjects showed higher preference of milk and lower preference of sweets. 4) Preference of one-dish meals : No one dish meal were disliked by the subjects. Male liked Bockeum-Bab more than female, and female liked Mandukuk more than male subjects.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2004

This study was carried out to investigate the frequency of use, knowledge, purchasing, and degree of perception of processed soybean by residents in the Kwangwon area of Korea. The frequency of use of soybean curd was once per 4∼6 days(37.9％), once per 2∼3 days(31.9％), once per ten days(25.3％) and everyday(4.9％). The degrees of knowledge about soybean curd were a little(56.0％), interest(16.5％), much(14.8％) and no interest(12.7％). 73.9％ of respondents had no experience of preparation soybean curd. The frequency of places for the intake of soybean curd were home(83.5％), restaurant(8.8％), tofu restaurant(5.6％) and the others(2.1％). The frequency of places for purchasing of soybean curd were supermarket(59.5％), market(25.0％), the others(9.9％) and department store(5.6％). The degrees of perception of soybean curd types were soybean curd(100％), uncurdled soybean curd(93.7％), soft soybean curd(64.7％), bun soybean curd(15.7％) and seaweed soybean curd(5.2％). The experience on the use of processed soybean of the respondents was highest for soybean curd(98.6％), followed by bean sprouts, soybean paste, soy sauce, soybean oil, soy flour, residue of soybean curd, soy milk, in that order. The most frequent intake experiences of soybean processed products of the subjects were beanpaste pot stew(96.8％), followed by tofu pot stew, tofu and kimchi pot stew, uncurdled bean curd pot stew, bean mixed rice, grilled tofu, in that order.