• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.312-318
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• 2006

The association between apolipoprotein E (apoE) gene polymorphism and ischemic cerebrovascular disease (ICVD) has been controversial. These controversies may be due to inaccurate classification of patients and ethnic differences. The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between apoE gene polymorphism and the development of ICVD in a population from Korea. We investigated 136 patients with ICVD and 357 controls without ICVD. No differences in the apoE genotypes frequencies ($X^{2}$ = 3.660, df = 5, P = 0.454) and even in the alleles frequencies ($X^{2}$ = 1.946, df = 2, P = 0.378) were observed in the ICVD patients compared with that in controls. The data have been compared with data found in other population groups. However, the risk of ICVD associated with apoE ${\varepsilon}3/{\varepsilon}4$ genotype was increased nearly 3-fold in subjects possessing the history of diabetes mellitus (OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.2-9.4, P = 0.026). We concluded that the apoE polymorphism is not associated with ICVD at least in the Korean population, but the apoE frequencies found in this study differ significantly from those obtained in Japanese.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.8-17
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• 2008

Recently, GMAHN that provides interface between MANET and Wired Network has been focused in mobile communication. It is necessary that the technology provide reliable data transmission technology between mobile node and wired network in MANET environment that is varied by the node movement. In this paper, using the TCP protocol(Tahoe, Reno, Vegas, SACK)that increases reliability between source and destination, we applied the TCP protocol mechanism to various environment, and proposed the most efficient TCP mechanism by comparing each mechanism.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.321-325
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• 2005

Serous effusions have been most commonly associated with ascites, pericardial effusion, and heart failure. But, they have been considered to be an unusual form of complication in hypothyroidism and pleural effusion, which has been observed as an isolated finding in hypothyroidism is apparently rare and complete analysis of these types of hypothyroid-associated pleural effusions has yet not been described. We report a case of hypothyroidism associated with unilateral pleural effusion in a 77 year-old male patient who was improved through levothyroxine sodium with brief review of the literature.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.27-34
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• 1998

Objectives, Materials & Methods: To prevent deterioration of postoperative voice due to iatrogenic transection of the recurrent laryngeal nerve during the thyroid surgery, intraoperative medialization of the membranous vocal cord by type I thyroplasty together with direct epineurial neurorraphy was done on 2 cases of benign thyroid lesion. To improve the quality of voice together with complete removal of advanced thyroid carcinoma, intraoperative vocal cord medialization on the lesion side together with total thyroidectomy was done by type I thyroplasty in 2 cases and combined procedure by arytenoid adduction and type I thyroplasty in another 2 cases. Results: The resultant voice of the iatrogenic injury cases was relatively tolerable. The voice of the combined procedure was better than that of type I thyroplasty cases for the intraoperative rehabilitation cases. Not only for the preoperative evaluation of the severity of the nerve lesion but also the prognosis will be expected by use of laryngeal EMG in the cases of thyroid cacer with vocal cord palsy. Conclusion: Intraoperative simultaneous rehabilitation for the vocal cord palsy during thyroid surgery is beneficial for the patients.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.223-230
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• 2015

Bacterial infection is one of the most common and universal cause of disease spreading associated with medical and surgical environment. Antimicrobial function of plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) will be useful for making hygienic environments. Here, we synthesized the PVC composite by the addition of inorganic bacteriocide containing silver, zinc and zeolite. And we investigated the growth inhibition rate for Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae which were analyzed in the presence of PVC composite with different doses of inorganic bacteriocide (1~15 wt%). Bacterial proliferation was significantly inhibited by 3 wt% of inorganic bacteriocide containing PVC composite. And we found the inhibition of bacterial biofilm formation by 5 wt% of inorganic bacteriocide containing PVC composite by the observation of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Our data suggested that the antimicrobial effect of inorganic bacteriocide was caused by disturbing the bacterial biofilm formation.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.506-511
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• 1999

The pilot system for radioactive liquid laundry waste was developed with treatment capacity, 1ton/hr and set up in the Yong Kwang unit #4. The system is composed of tank module, RO systems and a UV/$H_2O$$_2$photo-oxidation unit. The RO system consists of the BW unit (low-pressure RO for brackish water desalination) and the SW unit (high-pressure RO for seawater desalination). The BW unit possesses 4 RO membranes and it can reduce the feed water volume down to 1/10. This concentrated feed water can be reduced again up to 1/10 in its volume in the SW unit composed of 4 RO membranes. The UV/$H_2O$$_2$ photo-oxidation process unit was used for the detergent degradation. The operation of the pilot system was carried out and verified in its capability through the continuous operation and concentration operation using the actual liquid waste from the power plant. The design criteria and data for industrialization were yielded. The efficiency of the UV/$H_2O$$_2$ photo-oxidation process and the optimum operational procedure were evaluated. The decontamination factors for radioactive cobalt and cesium were measured. This on-site test showed the experimental result in the DF$\geq$300 and volume reduction factor$\geq$100.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.534-539
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• 2006

The supply of oxygen for aeration is the largest energy consumer at activated sludge wastewater treatment plants. Replacement of less efficient aeration systems with fine pore aeration devices can save up to 50 percent of aeration energy costs. The purpose of this study was the diagnosis and evaluation of a domestic wastewater aeration system by the off-gas method which had been studied by US EPA and ASCE. For this study, an off-gas analyzer and its hood were made to collect off-gas. Also, a vacuum pump was connected to the analyzer to make suction of off-gas. Experiments were conducted at a domestic activated sludge wastewater treatment plant which had a single spiral roll aeration system installed with P.E tube diffuser. Data on OTE(f), SOTE(pw), OUR, and air flow rate were obtained from these experiments. In case of replacing an aeration system, it is recommended that it should be replaced with perforated membrane disc or ceramic disc fine bubble diffusers installed in a full floor coverage or grid pattern.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.534-540
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• 2019

This study aimed to report the improvement in a vascular oculomotor nerve palsy patient treated with Korean medicine. A 68-year-old man with vascular oculomotor nerve palsy was treated with acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, and an herbal medicine (Gangwhalyufung-tang). This case was measured and assessed by the numerical rating scale (NRS), EuroQol-5 Dimension Index (EQ-5D), score of diplopia, and ratio of MRD1. The NRS decreased, and the patient showed improvement in EQ-5D, score of diplopia, and ratio of MRD1. Korean medicine treatments are considered helpful in treating diplopia and ptosis due to vascular oculomotor nerve palsy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.624-634
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• 2018

Indonesia has become a net crude oil importer because of the reduction of a new oil field discovery, and Indonesia is attempting to raise investment funds through the Kerja Sama Operasi (KSO) contract to develop a small-scale field. However, the KSO has a high-risk and low-return contract system for investors, necessitating an economic evaluation to examine the feasibility of the project. This study performed economic evaluation on the development of an Indonesian small-scale field by applying the KSO contract conditions, and identified the major economic parameters through a sensitivity analysis. As a result, the oil price, CAPEX and OPEX were identified as influential factors for economic evaluation. The results also indicate that commercial production in small-scale fields is difficult. In the future, this study can be used as a reference resource for investment in oil and gas development projects in Indonesia.

• 한국학연구
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• no.48
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• pp.315-350
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• 2018

이 연구는 『추악한 미국인』을 포함한 '추악한 시리즈'가 '한국'에서 번역되는 맥락과 의미를 분석하고자 했다. 이를 통해 『The Ugly American』이 동아시아 각국에 번역되고 전유되어 '추악한 시리즈'를 창출하고 그것이 한국에 번역되는 맥락을 파악할 수 있다. 『The Ugly American』(1958)은 윌리암 J. 레더러(Lederer, William J), 유진 버딕크(Burdick, Eugene) 공저의 풍자소설이다. 이 소설은 1959년 한국에 『추악한 미국인』으로 번역되면서 알려지기 시작하는데 베트남전쟁에서 미국인의 실수와 추태를 다룬 작품이다. 이 작품이 중요한 것은 월남전의 미국의 과오를 비판한 수준을 넘어 글쓰기의 아이디어와 방식이 미친 영향력이다. 제목이 함의하듯 이러한 책의 발상은 특정 국가와 그 민족구성원의 문제점을 지적하는 글쓰기 형식이기 때문에 민족(성) 비판과 맥이 닿아 있다. 『The Ugly American』의 수용과 전유는 한국뿐만 아니라 중국, 일본, 대만 등 동아시아 각국의 역사적 관계와 문명의 격차에서 기인하는 자기인식과 상대국에 대한 평가를 파악할 수 있게 한다. 소속 공동체에 대한 자긍심과 (민족)주체의 내적 발전 및 동태적 역동성의 발견 및 재인식 작업으로서의 민족문화론은 개인과 국가의 자기지식과 아이덴티티의 필수불가결한 구축 과정이며 진보와 지체를 둘러싼 일종의 자기반응이다. 이처럼 자신과 세계인식의 재갱신은 서구제국주의의 관점과 적자생존론, 민족주의를 경유해온 우리의 인식론적 성찰의 현실과 긴밀하게 관련된다는 점에서 '추악한' 시리즈는 그 실상과 강박을 접근할 수 있는 중요한 참조점이 될 것이다.