• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.2 s.121
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• pp.55-63
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to create a planting design for progressive realization. For this, visual preferences as measured via questionnaire were evaluated by the Scenic Beauty Estimation(SBE) and paired comparison methods. The results can be summarized as follows. Through photo observation, the average visual blockage ratio was 38% and the range of degree of the visual blockage ratio was $30{\sim}50%$. The sketch simulation and filtered pattern received the highest preference score and fumed out to be the most practical pattern out of all the patterns evaluated. Also, in the sketch simulation, the high preference values were observed for a distance of 9 to 12m from the view point to the blockage tree with a D/H ratio of 2. The preference score significantly decreased with the increase of the visual blockage ratio having a turning point at $30{\sim}35%$ of the visual blockage ratio, even though the distance parameters were more important than the visual blockage ratio in the scores. An outstanding view must be handled properly to be preserved or accentuated. Framed, open, enclosed, screened or filtered pattern views should be completely revealed only from their best vantage point, not given away at first glimpse. It this sense, parallax spatial beauty with trees could be improved through the visual aspects of plan arrangements and seems to be an effective design technique for landscape planning and planting design.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.86 no.1
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• pp.87-97
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• 1997

In this research, photo images of uncultivated marginal lands were simulated to visualize alternative land use patterns using image capture technology. Based on an original photos, 3 simulated images were created ; barren condition, aforested condition and shrub-covered condition. The simulated images were then used to evaluate respondents' visual preference(SBE value) and willingness to pay for the agricultural development tax as a hypothetical payment vehicle. The SBE values for barren condition are the lowest, as expected. When original condition is changed to forested or shrubbed, the SBE values are increased significantly. The logistic models for the willingness to pay for the various alternative land uses performed significantly, ${\rho}$ statistics for 6 models ranges from 0.3 to 0.4 and correct percentage for predicted probability are about 75%. Among independent variables, the amount of tax offered is the most influencing factor to predict the probability. Income also shows some relationship with no statistical significance. Other variables behave inconsistently in the model. When SBE and WTP are correlated, rather consistent trends can be observed. With the increase of SBE, WTP predicted by the model increases accordingly. It can be concluded that enhancement of scenic quality of the agricultural lands leads to increase of people's willingness to pay to support the rural environmental conservation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.64-73
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to present a method to assess the landscape aesthetic value of Bukhansan National Park using geotagged images that have been shared on social media sites. The method presented in this study consisted mainly of collecting geotagged image data, identifying landscape images, and analyzing the cumulative visibility by applying a target probability index. Ramblr is an application that supports outdoor activities with many users in Korea, from which a total of 110,954 geotagged images for Bukhansan National Park were collected and used to assess the landscape aesthetics. The collected geotagged images were interpreted using the Google Vision API, and were subsequently were divided into 11 landscape image types and 9 non-landscape image types through cluster analysis. As a result of analyzing the landscape types of Bukhansan National Park based on the extracted landscape images, landscape types related to topographical characteristics, such as peaks and mountain ranges, accounted for the largest portion, and forest landscapes, foliage landscapes, and waterscapes were also commonly found as major landscape types. In the derived landscape aesthetic value map, the higher the elevation and slope, the higher the overall landscape aesthetic value, according to the proportion and characteristics of these major landscape types. However, high landscape aesthetic values were also confirmed in some areas of lowlands with gentle slopes. In addition, the Bukhansan area was evaluated to have higher landscape aesthetics than the Dobongsan area. Despite the high elevation and slope, the Dobongsan area had a relatively low landscape aesthetic value. This shows that the aesthetic value of the landscape is strongly related not only to the physical environment but also to the recreational activities of visitors who are viewing the scenery. In this way, the landscape aesthetics assessment using the cumulative visibility of geotagged images is expected to be useful for planning and managing the landscape of Bukhansan National Park in the future, through allowing the geographical understanding of the landscape values based on people's perceptions and the identification of the regional deviations.