• 대한본초학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.101-106
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• 2009

Objectives : We investigated the anti-aging effects on skin with 9 Repetitive steaming and fermenting herbal composition extract (FHE). Methods : Herbal composition is comprised of Panax Ginseng, Rehmannia glutinosa, Polygonum multiflorum and Polygonatum Sibiricum. They steamed and fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactobacillus brevis by turns at 9 times. We measured various effects related to skin aging such as scavenging activity against free radical, cell proliferation, collagen synthesis and toxicity of 9 repetitive steaming and fermenting herbal composition extract were evaluated and compared with herbal composition extract (HE). Results : As the number of steaming and fermenting cycle increased free-radical scavenging activity were increased. But cell proliferating ratio was not increased when the number of steaming and fermenting cycle. The FHE could significantly increase the collagen synthetic ratio compared with HE treated group. And, FHE was showed no toxicity at all tested concentrations. Conclusions : The results of our study propose that FHE has good anti-aging effects on skin.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.87-92
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was performed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of water extracts from Nelumbinis semen (NSW) in dopaminergic cells. Methods : We performed 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, 2,2-azinobis3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) cation scavenging assay, and determination of total polyphenolic content to examine the antioxidant effects of NSW. We also evaluated the neuroprotective effects against 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced toxicity using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)- 2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay (MIT) assay, trypan blue cytotoxicity assay, and nitric oxide assay in SH-SY5Y cells and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunohistochemistry in primary rat dopaminergic neurons. Results : NSW showed $IC_{50}$ values of 184.80 and 92.90 ${\mu}$g/mL in DPPH and in ABTS assays, respectively. NSW showed 1.05% of total polyphenol contents. NSW showed protective effect against 6-0HDA-induced neurotoxicity whereas no influence on cell viability at the concentration of 1${\sim}$50 ${\mu}$g/mL. NSW reduced NO generation while 6-OHDA produced it. Moreover, it protected rat dopaminergic neurons against 6-0HDA at a dose of 1 ${\mu}$g/mL. Conclusions : These results indicated that NSW has neuroprotective effect against 6-0HDA-induced neurotoxicity through antioxidant activity in dopaminergic cell culture.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.52-73
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• 2022

Objectives: The anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities of LCVC (Lonicerae Flos, Citri Pericarpium and Violae Herba Complex) have not been fully elucidated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanisms underlying these effects in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. Methods: The evaluation of the anti-oxidative activity of LCVC was completed via DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging capacity, FRAP assay, measurement of polyphenol and flavonoid, assessment of ROS and NO levels in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. The anti-inflammatory activity was defined by measuring the production of biomarkers (PGE2, IL-1B, IL-6 and TNF-𝛼), proteins (ERK, JNK, P38, Nrf2, Keap1, HO-1 and NQO1) and expressions of genes (iNOS, COX-2, IL-1𝛽, IL-6, TNF-𝛼, Nrf2, Keap1, HO-1 and NQO1) in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Results: LCVC have polyphenol and flavonoid contents. The results of DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging capacity and FRAP assay showed that the anti-oxidative activity was increased. Production of ROS, NO, IL-6, TNF-𝛼, mRNA expressions of IL-1𝛽, IL-6, TNF-𝛼, Keap1, iNOS and COX-2 were decreased, and NQO1, Nrf2, and HO-1 were increased. In protein expression, JNK and Keap1 were decreased, NQO1, Nrf2 and HO-1 were increased, and no relationships were observed with the ERK and P38 by LCVC. Conclusions: These results suggest that LCVC may offer protective effects against LPS-induced inflammatory and oxidative responses through attenuating Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and MAPKs pathway. Therefore, we propose that LCVC has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities that have therapeutic potential in the treatment of inflammatory and oxidative disorders caused by the over-activation of macrophages.

• 분석과학
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.39-44
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• 2006

보이차를 물로 추출하고, 항산화성 물질을 얻기위해 n-hexane, ethyl acetate(EA), butanol(BuOH)로 분획하였다. 분획은 자유라티칼 소거 활성과 환원력 측정의 두가지 방법으로 항산화활성 정도를 조사하였다. 이들 항산화활성을 butylated hydroxyanisole(BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene(BHT) 그리고 ${\alpha}$-tocopherol 같은 비교표준 항산화제와 비교하였다. 보이차의 EA분획은 BHA와 BHT 보다 더 높은 항산화활성을 보였다.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.29-41
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• 2024

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to confirm the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-aging efficacy of Pyeonggangaeuljihyeol-tang(PGJT) extract. Methods : In order to confirm the anti-inflammatory activity of PGJT extract, the inhibitory effect on NO PGE₂ production were evaluated and the expression level of iNOS, COX-2 and IL-6 mRNA were measured through qRT-PCR, Antioxidant activity was evaluated for radical scavenging activity using DPPH and ABTS, anti-aging activity was evaulated for collagenase, elastase, tyrosinase and L-DOPA oxidation inhibitory activity. Results : PGJT extract shows anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the production of NO and PGE₂ by reducing the expression level of iNOS, COX-2 and IL-6 mRNA, antioxidant effect by increasing DPPH and ABTS scavenging abillity in a concentration dependent manner. In addition, the anti-aging effect was confirmed by inhibiting collagenase, elastase, tyrosinase production and L-DOPA oxidation. Conclusion : This suggests that PGJT showed an overall excellent anti-inflammatory effect and an inhibitory effect on the activity of antioxidant and anti-aging related enzymes.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2024

Objective : Obesity, which has recently been rapidly increasing in the obese population, is caused by an imbalance in energy intake and consumption. The reason why we need to manage obesity well is that the prevalence of complications such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease increases. In this study, the effect of FO (Fragaria orientalis) water extract on fat metabolism in 3T3-L1 cells was observed to develop a new anti-obesity material based on Mongolian medical books. Methods : The effect of FO extract on adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells was observed using DPPH scavenging, pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity, MTT analysis and Oil-red-O staining method. And the expression of proteins related to lipid metabolism was analyzed by Western blot. Results : The FO group significantly increased the DPPH radical scavenging activity at 5 mg/ml compared to the positive control BHA at 0.1 mg/ml. In oil red O staining at a safe concentration without cytotoxicity, lipid accumulation was significantly inhibited by less than 80% compared to the control group at all concentrations. Moreover, treatment of FO significantly increased the expression of proteins related to lipid metabolism, such as p-AMPK and p-ACC, in 3T3-L1 cells, and the expression of CPT-1 tended to increase in a dose-dependent manner. However, the expression of PPAR-γ was significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion : These results suggest that FO water extract has a potential anti-obesity effect and are expected to be utilized in the development of materials for obesity prevention and treatment.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2024

Background: Nitrous oxide has been an integral part of surgical anesthesia for many years in the developed world and is still used in developing countries such as India. The other main concerns in low-resource countries are the lack of an advanced anesthesia gas-scavenging system and modular surgical theatres. As a greenhouse gas that has been present in the atmosphere for more than 100 years and damages the ozone layer, nitrous oxide is three times worse than sevoflurane. Here, we conducted an observational study to quantify the annual nitrous oxide consumption and its environmental impact in terms of carbon dioxide equivalence in one of busiest tertiary health care and research centers in Northern India. Methods: Data related to nitrous oxide expenditure' from the operation theatre and manifold complex of our tertiary care hospital and research center from 2018 to 2021 were collected monthly and analyzed. The outcomes were extracted from our observational study, which was approved by our institutional ethics board (INT/IEC/2017/1372 Dated 25.11.2017) and registered prospectively under the Central Registry (CTRI/2018/07/014745 Dated 05.07.2018). Results: The annual nitrous oxide consumption in our tertiary care hospital was 22,081.00, 22,904.00, 17,456.00, and 18,392.00 m³ (cubic meters) in 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively. This indicates that the environmental impact of nitrous oxide (in terms of CO₂ equivalents) from our hospital in 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021 was 13,016.64, 13,287.82, 10,289.94, and 10,841.24 tons, respectively. Conclusion: This huge amount of nitrous oxide splurge is no longer a matter of laughter, and serious efforts should be made at every central and peripheral health center level to reduce it.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.218-232
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• 2024

Background: Cynara scolymus has bioactive constituents and has been used for therapeutic actions. The present study was undertaken to investigate the mechanisms underlying pain-relieving effects of the hydroethanolic extract of C. scolymus (HECS). Methods: The antinociceptive activity of HECS was assessed through formalin and acetic acid-induced writhing tests at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg intraperitoneally. Additionally, naloxone (non-selective opioid receptors antagonist, 2 mg/kg), atropine (non-selective muscarinic receptors antagonist, 1 mg/kg), chlorpheniramine (histamine H₁-receptor antagonist, 20 mg/kg), cimetidine (histamine H₂-receptor antagonist, 12.5 mg/kg), flumazenil (GABA_A/BDZ receptor antagonist, 5 mg/kg) and cyproheptadine (serotonin receptor antagonist, 4 mg/kg) were used to determine the systems implicated in HECS-induced analgesia. Impact of HECS on locomotor activity was executed by open-field test. Determination of total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) was done. Evaluation of antioxidant activity was conducted employing 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay. Results: HECS (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) significantly indicated dose dependent antinociceptive activity against pain-related behavior induced by formalin and acetic acid (P < 0.001). Pretreatment with naloxone, atropine and flumazenil significantly reversed HECS-induced analgesia. Antinociceptive effect of HECS remained unaffected by chlorpheniramine, cimetidine and cyproheptadine. Locomotor activity was not affected by HECS. TPC and TFC of HECS were 59.49 ± 5.57 mgGAE/g dry extract and 93.39 ± 17.16 mgRE/g dry extract, respectively. DPPH free radical scavenging activity (IC₅₀) of HECS was 161.32 ± 0.03 ㎍/mL. Conclusions: HECS possesses antinociceptive activity which is mediated via opioidergic, cholinergic and GABAergic pathways.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제25권9호
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• pp.1014-1020
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• 2015

㈜한국바이오솔루션에서 제공받은 쌀겨발효 추출물(Fermented Rice-Bran, FRB)과 현재 시판 중에 있는 제품의 주원료로 사용되고 있는 미배아대두발효 추출물(Fermented Rice-Soybean, FRS)을 대조군으로 in vitro상에서의 이 화학적 특성과 생리활성 및 항산화작용에 대하여 검토하였다. 이화학적 특성으로 총 폴리페놀 화합물과 flavonoid 함량을 측정하였고, 생리활성 및 항산화작용은 DPPH 자유라디칼 소거활성, Fe/Cu 환원력, 간장 microsome을 이용한 지질 과산화 억제활성, linoleic acid 산화 실험계를 이용하여 측정하였다. 쌀겨발효 추출물의 총 폴리페놀과 flavonoids 함량은 각각 19.92 mg/g과 11.56 mg/g으로 미배아대두발효 추출물보다 높은 수치를 보였다. 쌀겨발효 추출물은 DPPH free radical 소거 활성능에서도 69.8%로 상당히 높은 소거율을 나타내었으며 환원력 또한, 처리농도 증가와 함께 높아지는 경향을 보였다. 간장 microsome을 이용한 지질 과산화 억제활성, linoleic acid 산화 실험계를 통한 지질과산화 억제활성을 확인한 결과, 쌀겨발효 추출물이 미배아대두발효 추출물보다 우수함을 확인하였다. 따라서, 본 연구는 건강식품소재 개발을 위해 쌀겨발효 추출물의 생리활성물질과 항산화 활성을 검토하는 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이라 사료된다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제26권11호
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• pp.1330-1335
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• 2016

조릿대 속 식물의 잎은 한의학적으로 염증, 해열, 이뇨 관련 질환 치료에 사용되어 왔다. 제주조릿대는 제주도 한라산 일대에서만 분포되어있는 토착식물이다. 본 연구에서는 제주조릿대 잎 추출물의 산업적 활용 효율을 높이기 위해 추출방법에 따른 식물화합물의 함량과 그 생리 활성을 비교함으로써 기능성이 강화된 식물화합물 다량함유 추출물(phytochemical-rich extract; PRE)의 제조방법을 개발하였다. PRE는 열수추출물과 알코올추출물에 비하여 높은 폴리페놀 함량을 나타내었고, 조릿대 주요성분인 p-coumaric acid (44.10 mg/g)와 tricin (5.35 mg/g)의 함량은 열추추출물(p-coumaric 23.39 mg/g, tricin 0.18 mg/g)과 알코올 추출물(p-coumaric 10.8 mg/g, tricin 0.38 mg/g)에 비해 매우 높았다. RPE는 다른 추출물에 비해 총 폴리페놀 함량과 항산화 활성[1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazy(DPPH) 소거활성, 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) 소거활성, nitric oxide(NO) 소거활성, xanthine oxidase 저해활성]이 가장 높았다. 그리고 RPE는 LPS로 자극시킨 RAW 264.7 세포에서 NO 생성($IC_{50}=59.1{\mu}g/ml$)과 혈액 암(HL-60) 세포의 성장을 효과적으로 억제하였다. 본 연구결과는 PRE가 식물화합물을 다량 함유하고 있어 항산화 및 항염소재로서 활용가치가 있음을 제시해 준다.