• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.5 no.1_2
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• pp.37-44
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• 1990

Synthetic detergents and surfactants are in widespread usage as household and industrial detergents. Potential human toxic hazard arises following percutaneous absorption or oral ingestion of solution residues from kitchen and feeding utensils, fruits, and vegetables and contaminated water supplies. A toxicological investigations was performed with the synthetic detergents and surfactants [linear alkyl benzene sulfonate (LAS), ${\alpha}$-olefin sulfonate (AOS), sodium lauryl sulfonate (SLS), sodium lauryl ester sulfonate (SLES)］, In acute toxicity, agents were administered subcutaneously into ICR mice. In acute study, after lowering of spontaneous motility, respiratory failure, death appeared, vomitting was often associated with salivation and or retching. No sex difference was observed in LD$\sub$50/ of mice. In subacute toxicity, agents were administered orally into SD rats. Body weight increase was suppressed and there was no adverse effect on food and water consumption. The weight of organs were not changed by agents as compared with control group. No specific change was observed in biochemical and hematologicalor data.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.280-283
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• 1993

Single subcutaneous injection to SD rats of both sexes was performed to investigate the acute toxicity of new skin allergy-remedy ointment, Banaron. Banaron is composed of lidocaine hydrochloride, chloro-pheniramine maleate, prednisolone acetate, chlorohexidine hydrochloride, methyl salicylate, 1-menthol and d-camphor. The results were as fellows. $LD_{50}$, /TEX> values of Banaron were 8373.6 mg/kg for male and 8260.1 mg/kg for females. Death occurred within 24 hours after administration at doses up to 6600 mg/kg. The main cause of deaths seemed to be respiratory disturbance. General symptoms decreased of activity and respiratory rate, salivation, tremor and loss of consciousness which were commonly observed by some survived animals and all dead animals. No significant gross findings of internal organs and body weight changes in treatment groups in comparison with these of control group were observed at the maximum dose levels in Banaron.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.109-111
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• 2003

The single oral toxicity of Jeju citrus rind pectin (Jeju pectin) was studied in Spraque-Dawley rats of both sexes. In this study, rats were administrated orally with dosages of 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg of Jeju pectin. We daily examined number of deaths, clinical signs, body weights and gross findings for 14 days after Jeju pectin administration. When we administered different doses of 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg. We found no rats died in both sex after administration. Some clinical signs (decrease locomotor activity, salivation, soft stool, prone position, lacrimation, crouching position, convulsion, ataxic gait, incontinence of mine) were also observed during the experimental period.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.344-347
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• 2009

Four sheep and five Korean native goats became intoxicated after eating Rhododendron schlippenbachii clippings that a ranchman threw into the animal barn. The clinical signs included loss of appetite, lethargy, nausea, salivation, vomiting, dyspnea, staggering gait, and bradycardia. The animals were treated with atropine and carbo-pulbit. One goat died 8 hours later, and a field postmortem revealed a considerable quantity of rhododendron leaves in the rumen. The other sheep and goats recovered within 3 days after treatment.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.514-518
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• 1999

Portosystemic shunts in 3 Dogs with respiratory sign of cough and with dementia signs characterized by hypersensitivity, salivation, and seizure were diagnosed at veterinary teaching hospital of Seoul National University. In radiographs, microhepatica was observed. In abdominal ultrasonography, abnormal intrahepatic connections between the portal vein and the systemic vessels and tortuous vascularity were found. There was no complication such as ammonium urate urolith in kidney or urinary bladder, These dogs were treated with medicine and protein-restricted diet.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.61-71
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• 1991

The acute and genetic effect of formaldehyde on mice through inhalation route was studied. The Riley's chamber with one stack of cage was used for the exposure and the micronucleus test was performed under unprecedently maximum exposure concentration. LC50's of formaldehyde in mice by whole body exposure for 4 hours were 105.5 ppm with 95% confidence interval of 72.6 ppm and 143.2 ppm for male, and 159.2 ppm with 95% confidence interval of 116.5 ppm and 272.7 ppm for female. Cinicial symptoms by acute exposure were salivation, lacrimation, and abnormal respiration.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.231-235
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• 2001

The single oral toxicity of JG-381 was studied in Sprague-Dawley rats of both sexes. In this study, rats were administrated orally with dosages of 267, 400, 600, 900 and 1350 mg/kg of JG-381. We daily examined number of deaths, clinical signs, body weights and gross findings for 14 days after JG-381 administration. When we administered different doses of 267, 400, 600, 900 and 1350 mg/kg, we found 1, 4, 4, 5 and 5 male rats died and 3, 5, 4, 5 and 5 female rats died within 1 day after administration, respectively. Some clinical signs (decrease locomotor activity, salivation, soft stool, prone position, lacrimation, crouching position, convulsion, ataxic gait, incontinence of urine) were also observed during the experimental period. Our findings suggest that oral L $D_{50s}$ (95% confidence limit) for male and female rats are 327 mg/kg (270~396 mg/kg) and 250 mg/kg (256~264 mg/kg), respectively.y.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.1311-1317
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• 2019

Objectives: This report aims to present the case of Korean medicine therapies including Samilsingi-hwan on recurrent hyponatremia in the elderly. Method: A laboratory test was conducted on a patient with general weakness, anorexia, and excess salivation. The patient was diagnosed with hyponatremia and so received intravenous fluid treatment. Results: We continued fluid treatment until electrolyte levels of sodium returned to normal, but the levels gradually dropped repeatedly when the fluid treatment was discontinued. After changing the herbal medicine to Samilsingi-hwan, recurrence of hyponatremia was not seen, even after stopping the fluid treatment. Clinical symptoms also improved during 35 days of hospitalization. Conclusion: This case demonstrates that Samilsingi-hwan may be effective in recurrent hyponatremia in the elderly. Further research is needed.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.219-221
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• 2008

We report the electrocution of Korean native cattle by a fallen electric wire, which caused the death of thirteen animals. The owner of the cattle felt an electric shock on touching the steel pen and found a fallen 220-V wire on the roof of the barn; additionally, the roof was singed. Clinically, the animals developed spasm, difficulty breathing, and excessive salivation. Histopathologically, many visceral organs revealed severe congestion or hemorrhage, which is consistent with previous reports. This study revealed that the proper installation of electric wires on farms is essential to prevent economic loss by electrocution.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.41-49
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• 1998

A linear undecapeptide, Substance P (SP) is involved in a wide variety of physiological processes such as pain, inflammation, salivation, and hypertension. Tertiary structure of SP in dodecylphosphocholine (DPC) micelles has been investigated by CD, NMR spectroscopy, and DGII calculation. CD spectrum of SP in the presence of 7.5 mM DPC micelles does not show any favorable secondary structure. The tertiary structure determined by NMR spectroscopy and DGII calculation shows that the Phe7-Phr8-Gly9-Leu10 region adopts a turn structure, while the N-terminal region is quite flexible. Both prolines in SP exist preferentially as the trans isoforms and the aromatic ring of Phe7 protrudes outward. Conformation of SP may be restrained by the contact of the Phe7 aromatic ring with the hydrophobic side chains of the DPC micelles and this interaction induces a turn structure. Structure of SP in aqueous solution in the presence of DPC micelles can represent a good model to study the conformation recognized by the receptor near neutral membrane.