• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.56-67
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• 2018

세월호 사고 이후 우리나라의 해사안전분야에 해사안전감독관 제도가 도입됨으로써 내항선분야의 안전관리는 한층 강화되었다. 해양사고의 방지를 위해 도입된 해사안전감독관 제도는 정기 및 수시 지도 감독을 통하여 해양사고 방지활동을 하고 있다. 이들은 지도 감독 중에 발견된 여러 결함들에 대해서는 선박시설의 보완이나 대체, 소속 임직원에 대한 교육 및 훈련의 실시, 소속 직원의 근무시간 등 근무환경의 개선, 그 밖에 해사안전관리에 관한 업무의 개선 등의 4가지 분야로 분류하여 시정조치를 요구하는 개선명령의 조치를 취하고 있다. 또한 이들 중 선박의 시설분야는 그 시설의 보완이나 대체가 완료될 때까지 항행정지를 같이 명령할 수 있도록 하여 해양사고 예방에 기여하고 있다. 그러나 선박의 안전운항에 심각한 위협을 주는 결함에 대해서는 비단 시설분야뿐만 아니라 다른 분야에서도 항행정지 명령의 처분을 할 수 있어야 한다. 그럼에도 불구하고 현재의 항행정지명령 제도는 시설분야만으로 제한되어 있어서 해양사고 예방활동을 위한 감독관의 지도 감독에는 한계가 있다. 따라서 감항성 확보를 통한 해양사고 예방을 위하여 선박의 시설분야뿐만 아니라 화물적하운용, 증서 및 문서, 안전관리체제, 비상훈련을 포함한 인적요소, 근로조건 등의 분야까지 확대하여 항행정지 명령이 가능하도록 해사안전감독관의 항행정지 명령 제도의 개선이 필요하다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.298-309
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• 2019

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate stages of safety and health culture change through a reflection on 40 years of hearing conservation history at a multinational company. Methods: The target workplaces were multinational companies with more than 1,000 employees. The research used the clinical case study and system analysis methods based on direct observation of the research from 1994 to 2009. The latter method performed an analysis of the equilibrium state of the cross-section in the given period and the longitudinal profile of the change during the given period. Results: The stages of cultural change are divided into five stages and summarized as follows. In the first stage, workplace noise was not widely recognized as a hazard, while in the second stage, the measurement of noise levels and audiometric testing were conducted under the Korean Occupational Safety and Health Act (KOSHA). The driving force for change in the second stage was the amendment of the KOSHA. In the third stage, noise came to be recognized as a hazard factor through awareness training. The driving force of change during the third stage was the strong executive power exerted by the audit of the industrial hygiene program from the US head office. In the fourth step, there was a change to actually reduce noise. The driving force in this stage was a change in company executives' risk perception resulting from lawsuits over noise-induced hearing loss and the task force team activities for culture change based on the action learning protocol. At the fifth stage, a 'buy quiet policy' was institutionalized. The management's experience that noise reduction was difficult was the motivation to manage noise from the time of purchase of equipment. Conclusions: The activities of a hearing conservation program are determined by the improvement of the legal system and by the way it is enforced. Noise control activities to reduce noise areas may be possible through the shared risk perception of noise-induced hearing loss and by a change agent role as a facilitator to implement noise control.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.639-652
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• 2023

낚시어선 제도를 도입하게 된 근본 배경에는 평상시 어선으로 순수 어업활동을 영위하다 특정한 시기(금어기 등)에 한해 낚시어선업을 겸업할 수 있도록 하여 영세 어업인의 경제활동에 대한 보조 수단적 자격을 부여하기 위한 것으로 하고 있다. 그리고 여기에서의 낚시어선은 「어선법」에 따라 등록된 어선을 사용하여 유선(遊船) 행위를 할 수 있도록 한 것이므로 낚시어선의 형태 또한 관련 규정에 따라 실질적으로 현장에서 어로활동을 하기에 용이한 일반 보편적인 구조를 가지고 있어야 한다. 그러나 현재 대부분의 낚시어선업자는 소득증대에만 중점을 두면서 일반적인 어선 본래의 용도에 맞게 합당한 형태로 낚시어선을 건조하기보다는 낚시어선업에 치우친 편향된 선체구조를 가지는 등 편법에 준하는 비정상적인 선형을 선호하고 있다. 그 결과, 전체 어업활동 중 낚시어선업을 일부 겸업(부업) 정도로만 여기고 있는 어선 세력들과의 갈등[정부 지원책(면세유 공급 등)에 대한 상대적 형평성 훼손 및 생계형 어족자원 고갈 등]은 물론이고 안전관리에 있어서도 심각한 문제를 일으키고 있는 실정이다. 한편, 이 같은 문제를 야기 시키는 가장 근본적인 원인은 현행 「낚시 관리 및 육성법」에서 낚시어선의 개념을 「어선법」에 따라 등록된 어선으로 제한하고, 또한 이에 따른 검사기준 등을 적용하는 것에서 비롯되고 있다 할 것이다. 이에 따라 본 논문에서는 낚시어선의 분포 현황, 구조적 특성, 낚시어선의 운용실태 및 정부의 낚시진흥정책 등에 대한 분석을 통해 낚시어선에 대한 개념을 현실정에 맞게 관련 법제(규정) 등을 재정비하여 현재의 낚시어선을 어선으로부터 완전히 분리시켜 낚시전용 선박으로 운용하기 위한 개선방안을 제시하고자 한다.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.40-56
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• 2015

Objectives: To outline overall duties of quality improvement (QI) performers within a health care organization, thus describing their key tasks, including task element-related frequency, importance and difficulty in enough detail. Methods: A DACUM (Developing A CurriculUM) workshop took place to outline overall job activities of QI performers. To examine the scope of their duty and task, we performed a questionnaire survey of 338 QI performers from 111 hospitals. Results: The results of our survey showed that for the task assigned to each QI performer, there were 10 duties, 31 tasks and 119 task elements. Respondents cited a project planning as the most frequent/important duty, and a research was the highest level of difficulty in their duty. They also said that the most frequent task was index management, the most important task was a business plan, and the highest level of difficulty was a practical application of QI research. QI performers added that the most frequent task element was receipt of patient safety reporting in patient safety system, the most important task element was an analysis for patient safety and its improvement, and the highest level of difficulty was a regional influence analysis related to the patient safety and its improvement. Conclusion: To ensure that QI performers play a pivotal role as a manager to better improve patient safety and the quality of health care services, proper training program for them should be developed by reflecting the results of our study.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.247-254
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• 2019

우리나라의 건설재해 사망자 수는 증가하고 있으며 건설재해 발생 원인의 대부분 인적요인이었다. 건설근로자의 안전활동에 대한 자발적 참여는 이러한 인적요인 개선과 건설재해예방을 효과를 높일 수 있다. 그러므로 건설근로자의 자발적 참여를 위해 근로자의 동기요인 충족에 대한 연구의 필요성이 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 국내 건설현장 근로자의 안전활동 동기요인별로 현장 시공관리자와 건설사업관리자는 근로자의 어떤 안전 동기요인을 중요하게 다루고 있는지를 비교하고자 한다. 본 연구는 20개의 근로자의 안전 동기요인에 대한 설문결과를 분석하였으며 요인에 대한 T검정을 실시하였다. 분석 결과 근로자의 임금과 같은 경제요인 부분에서 시공관리자와 건설사업관리자 간의 가장 큰 의견 차이를 보였다. 그러므로 근로자의 경제적 동기에 따른 안전관리는 두 집단 간의 의견조율이 필요하다고 할 수 있다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2022

When an accident occurs, the associated human activity is typically regarded as a "human error," or a temporal deviation. On the other hand, if the accident results in a serious loss or if it evokes a social issue, the person determined to be responsible may be punished with a "violation" of related laws or regulations. However, as Heinrich stated, it is neither appropriate nor reasonable in terms of probability theory and cognitive science to distinguish whether it is a "human error" or a "violation" with a criterion of resultant accident severity. Nonetheless, some in society get on the social climate to strengthen regulations on workers who have caused accidents, especially violations. This response can present a social issue due to the lack of systematic judgment procedure which distinguishes violations from human errors. The purpose of this study was to develop an objective and systematic procedure to assess whether workers' activities which induced industrial accidents should be categorized as violations rather than human errors. Various analysis techniques for the determination of violation procedure were investigated and compared using an analysis approach method. An appropriate technique was not found, however, for judging the culpability of intentional violations. As an alternative, this study developed the process of creating violations, based on cognitive procedure, as well as the criteria to determine and categorize an activity as a violation. In addition, the developed procedure was applied to cases of industrial accidents and nuclear power plant issues to test its practical applicability. The study demonstrated that the proposed model could be used to determine the existence of a violation even in the case of multiple workers who work simultaneously.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2016

본 연구는 국내 화재피해자의 긴급복구를 위한 민 관 융합형 지원시스템 방안에 대한 것으로, 화재피해자의 긴급복구활동에 대한 현황과 문제점 분석을 통하여 정부와 민간 협력기반의 통합적 지원시스템 구축방안을 제시하였다. 전체적으로 국가는 시스템 운영의 관리 감독기관의 기능을 담당하고 민간에서 실질적 긴급복구 전담기관의 기능을 담당하는 시스템을 의미한다. 결과적으로, 화재피해 긴급복구 지원을 위한 법제도 정비, 지원사업의 민간위탁 시스템 구축, 소요재원의 안정적 조달 및 민 관 긴급복구의 융합기능 강화를 위한 지원시스템 방안을 도출하였다. 특히, 긴급복구 소요재원의 안정적 조달 방안은 긴급복구를 위한 기금의 신설 및 민간 수탁법인의 자체 재원 조성의 세부방안을 논의하였다. 본 연구결과는 향후 국가 소방안전복지와 사회안전망의 강화에 기여할 것이다.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.352-362
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• 2023

연구목적: 재난 발생 시 효과적인 위기커뮤니케이션을 위해 평상시 어떤 활동들이 기업에 요구되는지를 탐색하여 정책적 방안을 제시한다. 연구방법: L기업에 재직 중인 종사자를 대상으로 회사의 코로나 19 대응 과정에서 느낀 재난 대응부서, 재난 메시지와 평상시 회사에 대한 인식 및 종사자의 반응행동 정도에 대해 설문하였다. 연구결과: 첫째, 발신자 특성은 구성원의 행동 변화에 유의미한 영향을 나타내지 않았다. 둘째, 기업 내부의 재난 대응 메시지는 구성원의 규범적 행동에는 영향이 없는 반면, 재량적 행동에는 정적 영향을 나타냈다. 셋째, 발신자 특성과 재난 대응 메시지는 공중관계성에 정적 영향을 나타냈으며, 공중관계성은 발신자 특성과 구성원의 재량적 행동을 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 평상시 기업 내부의 재난 컨트롤타워에서는 재난 대응 메시지에 대한 연구가 요구되며, 공중관계성 강화를 위한 구성원 친화적인 기업문화 구축을 위한 활동이 필요하다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.34-54
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• 1995

Occupational health services in Korea have been operated as dual types: one is operated by occupational health care manager and the other is health care agency without their own personnel. The performance of occupational health service should be different due to the variety of characteristics of health care manager and workplace, qualification of health care manager. This study is to analyze performance of occupational health care services with a particular consideration of job, based on comparing those two types of health care management to show on the basic data for the settlement of more qualitative. health care management system at workplace. For this study, total 391 places in Seoul and Inchon city area: 154 places (39.4%) managed by designated. health care manager and 237 places (60.6%) by the agency with their commission are selected as research samples. Tools for data collection are questionnares have been investigated during the period of 20 September 1993-20 December 1993. Those data are compared with percentiles, mean, standard deviation due to the characterstics of each variable and analyzed for impacting factors with relation to the using multiple regression analysis using SPSS PC program, especially using t -test method in order to compare each type of health care management. Conclusions observed from the tests and each comparison could be summerized as follows : 1. Occupational health care have been accomplished at workplaces with designated people than with agencies people, and coverage rate of the occupational health care services has differences, due to management types. The reason of these results is due to visit only one or two times monthly by the agencies, while their own health care manager obsess, at the workplaces all the times. 2. The common sickness management is the most accomplished item in health care area of occupational health care services, while the preventive care and control for the workers who have serious health problems are insufficient in workers health care area. 3. An insufficient accomplishment of overall health education has been shown because it is difficult to perform health education due to almost no chance of the direct introduction at workplaces. Therefore a strong support system for making and supplying the media is necessary in order to activate indirect health education by means of media. 4. Because health care managers and the agencies managers where take the workplaces for this study are almost nurses who have been comparatively high work site rounding rate about an environmental management at the workplaces, that non-profession can also do it, the activities about the professional area not enough. Therefore, an appropriate referral system should be established in order to complement professional area. 5. Two factors which have an effect on the coverage rate of occupational health care services are : one is those from the workplaces such as type of services, the number of workers, the number of harzadous factors and safety & health committee, the other from health care organization about whether there is its own manager or not.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 7th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management Summit Forum on Sustainable Construction and Management
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• pp.146-152
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• 2017

Recently, countries in the South-east Asia are making efforts to enhance the construction industry system and introduce the construction management system. However, it is challenging to apply construction management in site due to lack of technology and professionals for CM. This can result in frequent safety accidents, cost overrun, schedule delay, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out a clear evaluation of the overall situation regarding the level of technology and required competency. The objective of this research is to investigate on which management skills and items for CM are required to improve the construction management skills in South-east Asian construction industry. As a result of the questionnaire, most of the officials selected that the design phase and the construction phase are important works, and the engineers evaluated activities during the bidding phase, the design phase and the construction phase as important works for construction management. However, in most of the results, it was observed that the current competency of Vietnam construction is insufficient compared to the evaluated importance of the skills. This can be explained by the fact that they are not capable of managing construction projects effectively as compared to the importance. The results can help to realize the inadequate aspects of local construction industry, which will be the basis of improvements. Also, it is expected to be supportive to improve construction management in the countries and also provide indicators related to work stage or technology that should be acknowledged when establishing the advancing strategy for Southeast Asian countries in the future.