• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.368-372
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• 2024

Occupational use of cleaning products can cause asthma in healthcare workers but the cleaning agents responsible are not yet known. This study aimed to identify respiratory and other hazards in cleaning products on the National Health Service (NHS) supply chain online catalogue and used in the NHS. Information on cleaning products, their composition, and H-statements that identified hazard characteristics of chemical substances in them was obtained from chemical safety data sheets (SDSs). Furthermore, a quantitative structure-activity relationship model and a published asthmagen list were used to identify potential additional respiratory hazards. 473 cleaning products and 229 substances were identified. SDSs reported only 4 respiratory sensitizers but an additional 51 were suggested by the other 2 methods. In contrast, 25 respiratory irritants were identified using SDSs and only one from the asthmagen list. This comprehensive overview of cleaning agents' hazards has potential use in future risk assessment and epidemiological studies.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.295-296
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• 2017

본 연구는 대구 경북지역에 근무하는 치과위생사 238명을 대상으로 병원유형에 따른 물질안전보건자료(MSDS)의 인식정도를 조사하였다. 연구결과 병원급과 의원급에 대한 의식이 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 전체적으로도 MSDS인식정도가 높지 않았다. 치과근로자들의 근로환경 질의 향상을 위하여 소규모 치과의원에 대한 더욱 적극적인 홍보 및 교육이 필요하며, 구체적인 정책 및 제도가 마련되어야 할 것이라 사료되어 진다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.287-298
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• 2013

Objectives: Workers who use chemicals are exposed to safety accidents and occupational diseases. Employers are required to provide workers with Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) in order to prevent accidents and diseases related to chemicals. Thus, it is very important to offer reliable MSDSs. In this paper, we assessed the reliability of MSDSs for chemicals including formaldehyde. Methods: To evaluate MSDS reliability, we collected 14 MSDSs and bulk samples from the chemical industry. MSDS reliability was evaluated by the completeness of details. In order to evaluate the adequacy of the formaldehyde contents in a mixture, bulk samples were collected and analyzed by HPLC. The result of Globally Harmonized System (GHS) classification was confirmed by identifying physical chemical properties, toxicology information and ecological information. Results: The result of the evaluation of 14 MSDSs showed 76.29% average reliability on each item, especially 53.9% average appropriate rate on hazard risk classification. No chemicals failed to match between the content (%) in MSDSs and the result of analysis. Conclusions: To elevate MSDSs reliability, the certified education of MSDS drafters and reorganization of the MSDS circulation system is required.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.85 no.5
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• pp.635-644
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• 2023

The design of honeycomb sandwich structures is often challenging because these structures can be tailored from a variety of possible cores and face sheets configurations, therefore, the design of sandwich structures is characterized as a time-consuming and complex task. A data-driven computational approach that integrates the analytical method and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is developed by the authors to rapidly predict the design of sandwich structures for a targeted maximum structural deflection. The elaborated ANN reverse design approach is applied to obtain the thickness of the sandwich core, the thickness of the laminated face sheets, and safety factors for composite sandwich structure. The required data for building ANN model were obtained using the governing equations of sandwich components in conjunction with the Monte Carlo Method. Then, the functional relationship between the input and output features was created using the neural network Backpropagation (BP) algorithm. The input variables were the dimensions of the sandwich structure, the applied load, the core density, and the maximum deflection, which was the reverse input given by the designer. The outstanding performance of reverse ANN model revealed through a low value of mean square error (MSE) together with the coefficient of determination (R2) close to the unity. Furthermore, the output of the model was in good agreement with the analytical solution with a maximum error 4.7%. The combination of reverse concept and ANN may provide a potentially novel approach in designing of sandwich structures. The main added value of this study is the elaboration of a reverse ANN model, which provides a low computational technique as well as savestime in the design or redesign of sandwich structures compared to analytical and finite element approaches.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.500-508
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• 2020

Background: Research on the status of many chemicals used in the semiconductor industry is needed. The purpose of this study was to describe the overall status of chemical use in the semiconductor industry in Korea and to examine it from a health perspective. Methods: Data on the status of chemical use and safety data sheets at 11 of 12 major semiconductor workplaces in Korea were collected. The number of chemical products and chemical constituents, quantities of chemicals, and trade secret ingredients used, as well as the health hazards were examined. Results: On average, 210 chemical products and 135 chemical constituents were used at the surveyed workplaces. Among all chemical products, 33% (range: 16-56%) contained at least one trade secret ingredient. Most of the trade secret ingredients were used in the photolithography process. Several carcinogens, including sulfuric acid, chromic acid, ethylene oxide, crystalline silica, potassium dichromate, and formaldehyde were also used. Only 29% (39 of 135) of the chemical constituents had occupational exposure limits, and more than 60% had no National Fire Protection Association health, safety, and reactivity ratings. Based on the aforementioned results, this study revealed the following. First, many chemical products and constituents are being used in the semiconductor industry and many products contained trade secret ingredients. Second, many products contained significant amounts of carcinogenic, mutagenic, and reproductive toxicant materials. Conclusion: We conclude that protecting workers in the semiconductor industry against harm from chemical substances will be difficult, due to widespread use of trade secret ingredients and a lack of hazard information. The findings of the status of chemical use and the health and safety risks in semiconductor industry will contribute to epidemiological studies, safe workplace, and worker health protection.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.185-194
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to understand the dental hygienist's perception of dental materials and to understand the safety status of harmful chemicals. The study was conducted from January to February 2015 for 250 dental hygienists working in Gwangju Metropolitan City. as a result, the degree of recognition of MSDS for dental materials was higher with age (P <0.05) and higher in dental hygienist (P <0.001) working at dental hospital. (P <0.001), and the factors affecting the perception of first aid treatment were positively correlated with experience of hazard education (P <0.001). Therefore, by understanding the MSDS awareness of dental materials by dental hygienists and the safety situation in the handling of hazardous chemical substances, we provide basic data for establishing proper recognition of safety in the handling of harmful chemical substances and developing educational programs to prevent accidents.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.4
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• pp.1-20
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• 2003

This study was not intended to analyze out the realities of the safety accidents in school. The purpose of this study was to find out the personality of elementary school students in 6th grade and analyze the relationship between the personality of elementary school students and the safety accidents in the school. We made a visit 12 elementary school personally in the B city of Gyeonggi Province and gave out 552 questionaries in order to accomplish the purpose of this study. And we analyzed the 501 answer data except the unfittable data 51 sheets-in case of no answer or untruthfulness. The inspection of the personality used the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ) and the questionnaires of the safety accidents in the school were reorganized of the questionnaires which were used in Chun-Ok, Joen(1997) and One-Yong, Kim(1999)'s study to correspond with our purpose of study. Answer sheets were gone through the t and x2 test by using the program of SPPS. First, elementary school students are in the formative period in the life of a man. So many students's personality was in the middle group rather than in high and low group. In regard of the distintion between the boy students and the girl students, the boy students had higher score in Psychoticism(P) but the girl students had higher score in Neutroticism(N). And Lie(L) was showing a little more score in the girl students. Second, there was significant difference in the investigation of safety accidents in school according to sex distinction. 1) Comparing the boy students and the girl students, the rate of accidents was higher in boy rather than girl. And there was significant difference. 2) Comparing the grade of the school, the rate of accidents was higher in upper grade than lower grade both girls and boys. 3) In the kind of accidents, the traumatic Injuries were very popular and the next were contusions. There was significant difference in the traumatic injury and nosebleed. 4) The results of injured parts showed that the injuries of foot, leg, hand, arm hold a large majority. And there was a significant difference in head, face, foot, leg and etc. 5) Most accidents broke out during the break time and then accidents happened after school were the next. The flowings were lunch time and class time. There was a significant difference in accidents happened during the class, break time and lunch time. 6) Comparing the subjects, the most accidents broke out in the class of physics. 7) Among the cause of accidents, one's own carelessness was showing the highest rate. There was a significant distintion in the fight and game. 8) The safety accidents took place most in playground, and there was a significant difference. 9) Being slight wound was showing almost in the degrees of damage. And there was a significant difference. Third, the boy students were not showing the significant difference in relation to the personality, the frequency of accidents and the degrees of damage. But the girl students were showing the significant difference in relation to the Extraversion-Introversion(E) and the frequency of accidents. And there were a significant difference between E and N. Also they were showing the intense damages.

• Korean Journal of Hazardous Materials
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.87-94
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• 2018

The study is aimed to analyze the MSDS awareness as per the properties, including general characteristics, of laboratory workers in university. It conducted the self-administered survey on the subject of 780 laboratory workers engaging in research activities in three university from February to May, 2017. Among them, it analyzed 686 cases except 94 of them, lacking content. As a result, education experience of MSDS, necessity of education, usage experience of MSDS, installation, comprehension, and accessibility showed a strategically significant difference in the recognition of MSDS. According to the categorical importance of MSDS, "the first aid measures" directly related to life was most significantly considered. It is estimated that it will contribute to prevention of safety accident by strengthening education on MSDS and increasing the level of awareness for laboratory workers.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.404-410
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• 2016

Objectives: This study aimed to examine and analyze the material safety data sheet(MSDS) information for photoresist chemicals used in certain processes in semiconductor plants. Methods: After collecting MSDS for 178 chemical products currently used in certain processes in semiconductor plants, we analyzed Sections 2, 3, 11, and 15 of each MSDS with reference to the guidelines for evaluating the reliability of MSDS provided by the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency. In addition, we reviewed the recorded uses and the ratios of trade secrets. Results and Conclusions: We studied a total of 178 chemical products. An MSDS was available for 176(98.9%) of them and all adhered to the Globally Harmonized System(GHS) regulations. There were 37 cases of errors in Hazard Identification, pertaining to 20.8% of all products surveyed. There were 64 cases of errors in the current legal circumstances, pertaining to 36.0% of all products. There were a total of 407 trade secrets across 52.2% of products. We believe that a government-led education and certification system needs to be introduced to improve the transfer of MSDS information. The government, chemical manufacturers and suppliers all need to make an effort to produce reliable MSDS.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.67-86
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• 2007

This study is about the drunken drivers' accident patterns and behavior and aims at providing basic data for developing measures to secure safety against accidents by drunken drivers and programs to cultivate good drinking habits. For this purpose, this study conducted a questionnaire of 800 persons over 20 years of age in the selected 20 companies with more than 30 employees in the 4 regions(Daegu, Masan, Changwon, and Jinhae) and analysed the 653 sheets except invalid ones among the returned 673 survey sheets in total(return rate 84.13%), and the researcher conducted a man-to-man interview with each subject from June 20th to July 31st 2006. The result are as the following. As the experience of causing an accident by drinking, the 79.1% of them had the experience, and in case of the subjects with excessive drinking over 4 times a year, the rate of the accident by drinking showed as high as 90.5%. As the patterns of accidents, in male subjects, violence(38.5%) and traffic accidents(37.1%) showed high, while in the female, hurts from falls and fall accidents(40.2%) were found be high. In case of the traffic accidents among the accidents by drinking, the rate of causing serious damage to the life was found to be 89.3%, so it showed that the traffic accidents caused by drinking were influencing on the life much. In conclusion, the drinking problem may be controlled by each individual's will, but without change of social environment and system around people, the problem can not be eradicated. Therefore there should be social infrastructure which can help people to actively live their life with exercises and hobbies, and in order to prevent the reoccurrence of a drink accident, and social structure in which there are education programs for drink accident causers and one can change the perception about drinking culture, should be formed.