• 한국안전학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.109-115
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• 2016

This study examined the effects of safety-aisle on the safety climate, safety leadership, safety behavior, work loading and perceived accident risk in the small sawmilling industry. We distributed a questionnaire that measured various demographic variables, safety related variables by mail to 200 sawmilling companies. Finally 59 managers' and 129 workers' questionnaires were used for data analysis. An independent t-test was conducted to identify significant mean differences of safety related variables between safety-aisle installed and non-installed companies. Results indicated that mean differences of safety climate and safety behavior between safety-aisle installed and non-installed companies were significant. However, mean differences of safety leadership, work loading and perceived risk were not significant at the p < .05 level. Based on these results, the implications of this study and suggestions for future research were discussed.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.144-152
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was conducted to understand the effects of daily hassle stress on the psycho-social health of male workers in manufacturing industry. Methods: Daily hassle stress and psycho-social health in manufacturing industry workers were estimated by using the Daily Hassles Scale for Korea Workers (DHS-KW) and general health questionnaire (GHQ), respectively. Results: The subjects were 553 male workers who had never been occupationally exposed to hazardous chemicals, were mean age 39.6 years and mean work duration was 15.66 years. DHS-KW total mean score had significantly higher in young ages (twenties and thirties ages), office workers, managers and daytime workers than other groups. GHQ total mean scores were significantly higher in un-married, daytime and overtime workers than others. DHS-KW and GHQ score correlated that they were negative correlation with age and working years, but was positive correlation with working hours and overtime work. The significant correlation between DHS-KW and GHQ were observed almost variables of DHS-KW and GHQ except a domestic and daily problem in DHS-KW variables. Domestic and daily problems were only significantly correlated with anxiety and insomnia of GHQ variables. Conclusion: This study indicated that physical health was associated with work condition and psychsocial health was mainly associated with domestic and daily problems of DHS-KW variables. Thus, the study on Daily Hassles stress and related with work stress should be further investigated for the comprehensive health program including stress management and coping behavior.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.358-367
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• 2023

Background: This study aimed to develop and assess the psychometric features of the Physical Activity at Workplace Questionnaire (PAWPQ) based on the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) to evaluate employees' physical activity (PA) behaviors at the workplace. Methods: This psychometric cross-sectional study was conducted on 455 employees working in one of the gas refineries in Iran. The participants were selected using the proportional stratified sampling method in 2019. The data collection tools were a demographic information questionnaire, the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and a questionnaire developed based on the SCT, whose psychometric features were confirmed in terms of validity and reliability. Data were analyzed using SPSS₂₂ and AMOS₂₀ software. Results: The first version of PAWPQ-SCT had 74 items. After evaluating content and face validity, nine items were removed. The results of the content validity index (0.98), content validity ratio (0.86), and impact score (3.62) were acceptable for the whole instrument. In exploratory factor analysis, after removing seven items-58-item final version of the scale-six factors could explain 73.54% of the total variance. The results of structural equation modeling showed the acceptable fit of the model into the data (RMSEA = 0.052, CFI = 0.917, NFI = 0.878, TLI = 0.905, IFI = 0.917, CMIN/DF = 2.818). Cronbach's alpha coefficient and Intraclass Correlation were 0.90 and 0.86, respectively. Conclusion: This study confirmed that the psychometric features of the 58-item final version of PAWPQSCT constructs were acceptable in a sample of Iranian employees. This questionnaire can be used as a valid and reliable tool to evaluate Iranian employees' PA behaviors and develop effective educational interventions for workers and managers.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.621-629
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• 2015

건설 산업에 있어 작업자 안전은 지속적으로 중요시 되고 있다. 안전교육의 수준제고를 안전교육 내용매체 개선을 통한 효율성 증진과 전달 매체 수준 향상에 의한 효과성 증진을 통해 이루어 질 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 선별된 공종별 안전재해유형 내용을 바탕으로 건설현장의 3차원 시뮬레이션의 안전교육 자료를 개발하였다. 안전교육 내용매체는 안전보건기술 지침과 미 산업안전보건청의 건설 산업 안전규정을 토대로 재해유형을 선별하였으며 교육 전달 매체로 3차원 시뮬레이션 기술을 이용하여 제공하였다. 제시된 교육 자료의 적절성을 평가하기위해 건설현장의 안전관리 전문가의 설문조사를 토대로 교육내용의 적절성을 확인하였으며 이를 바탕으로 한 3차원 시뮬레이션 바탕의 안전교육 방법을 현실성, 적합성, 능동성 및 흥미유발성에 대한 설문을 통하여 기존 재래식 안전교육보다 효과성이 있음을 확인하였다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.309-316
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• 2023

Background: Job performance is known as an essential reflection of nursing quality. Colleague solidarity, positive emotion, and turnover intention play effective roles in a clinical working environment, but their impacts on job performance are unclear. Investigating the association between nurses' colleague solidarity and job performance may be valuable, both directly and through the mediating roles of positive emotion and turnover intention. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 324 Chinese nurses were recruited by convenience sampling method from July 2016 to January 2017. Descriptive analysis, Spearman's correlation analysis, and the structural equation model were applied for analysis by SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 24.0. Results: A total of 49.69% of participants were under 30 years old, and 90.12% of participants were female. Colleague solidarity and positive emotion were positively connected with job performance. The results indicated the mediating effects of positive emotion and turnover intention in this relationship, respectively, as well as the chain mediating effect of positive emotion and turnover intention. Conclusions: In conclusion, dynamic and multiple supportive strategies are needed for nurse managers to ameliorate nursing job performance by improving colleague solidarity and positive emotion and decreasing turnover intention based on the job demand-resource model.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.300-309
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• 2024

Background: Risk perception plays a crucial role in workers' unsafe behaviors. However, little research has explored why workers generate biased risk perceptions, namely underestimating or overestimating the risks of unsafe actions. Cognitive biases in risk perception arise from uncertainties about the dangers of unsafe behaviors. As a typical heuristic strategy, the anchoring effect is critical in decision-making under uncertain conditions. Consequently, this study empirically analyzed the influence of anchoring effects on workers' risk perception. Methods: In 2022, a survey was conducted with 1,418 coal mine workers from Shanxi Province, China. The survey instruments assessed workers' risk perception of unsafe behavior, anchoring effects, need for cognition, and safety knowledge. Multivariable linear regression models were employed to analyze the associations among these variables. Results: The findings verified the proposed anchoring effects. Specifically, experimenter-provided high-risk anchors led workers to overestimate unsafe behavior risks, thus reducing their tendency to engage in such behavior. In contrast, experimenter-provided low-risk anchors and accident-injury experiences (self-generated anchors) decreased workers' risk perception, increasing their propensity to engage in unsafe behavior. Additionally, workers' safety knowledge and need for cognition significantly affected anchoring effects. Conclusion: This research enhances workplace safety studies by applying the anchoring effect from psychology to risk perception research. Suggestions for improving risk perception encompass implementing hazard warnings, fostering safety education, and providing training. Furthermore, managers should give special attention to workers with accident-injury experience and promptly correct their accident fluke mentality, thereby improving overall risk awareness.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.840-851
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• 1997

To perform voluntary occupational health program in worksites, regulational supports are necessary. The regulational supports include assessment of current occupational health program and appropriate incentives. The purpose of this study is to find out the requirements of voluntary occupational health program and conditions to be improved. Study population was industrial health managers of both industries with less than 300 workers and over 300 workers, and the member of labor union who is responsible for safety and health in worksite. Two different questionnaire were used to find out the requirements and conditions to be improved respectively, The results were; 1. The category which prevalence rate of occupational injuries and occupational disease should be lower than national average was most important in health managers employed in industries over 300 workers and followed by reporting system, education, worksite policy, work environment assessment, protective equipment, consequently. But those employed in industries less than 300 workers showed high importance in prevalence rate of occupational injuries and disease, reporting system, worksite policy, work environment assessment, protective equipment, education, consequently 2. The members of labor union thought that worksite policy was most important and the next is education, reporting system, work environment assessment, protective equipment, prevalence rate of occupational injuries and disease. 3. There were difference in importance of education and worksite policy according to the size of industries. Reporting system, prevalence rate of occupational injuries and disease, and worksite policy had different importance between members of labor union and health managers. 4. In the results of quiestionnaire for conditions to be improved, the most important condition was top manager's willingness except personal protective equipments, and followed by financial support, legal support. The limitations of this study were the problems of representativeness of study population. but voluntary health program should be performed in worksites which have relatively good occupational health system. So, this selection bias could not disrupt our results.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제19권12호
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• pp.151-163
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• 2019

본 연구는 제조업 종사자를 연구대상으로 하여 안전문화가 제조업 종사자의 안전의식과 안전행동에 미치는 영향을 연구 하여, 제조업 근로자들이 안전문화를 이해하고, 안전의식과 안전행동을 향상시킬 수 있는 방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 본 연구 목적을 달성하기 위해, 한국산업단지공단에 등록된 서울·경기지역 176개 산업단지 중, 한국수출산업단지, 서울 온수단지 등 50개 산업단지 제조업체 근로자를 연구대상으로 하였다. 본 조사의 실시는 2019년 8월 1일부터 31일까지 약 1개월에 걸쳐 제조업체의 중간관리자와 환경안전보건 관리자 등을 통해 설문지 300부를 배포하여, 불성실하게 응답되었다고 판단된 설문지 18부를 제외한 282부의 자료를 최종적으로 통계처리 하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 안전문화(안전풍토, 안전절차)는 제조업 종사자의 안전의식(중요성 인식, 관심도 및 참여유도)에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 안전문화(안전풍토, 안전절차)는 제조업 종사자의 안전행동(안전계획 수립, 안전점검)에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 안전의식(중요성 인식, 관심도 및 참여유도)은 제조업 종사자의 안전행동(안전계획 수립, 안전점검)에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 안전의식(중요성 인식, 관심도 및 참여유도)은 제조업 종사자의 안전문화(안전풍토, 안전절차)와 안전행동(안전계획 수립, 안전점검)의 관계에서 부분매개효과가 발생하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.30-34
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• 2015

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the cohesions status of the coordination within response teams in the emergency response team (ERT) in a refinery. Methods: For this study, cohesion indicators of social network analysis (SNA; density, degree centrality, reciprocity, and transitivity) were utilized to examine the coordination of the response teams as a whole network. The ERT of this research, which was a case study, included seven teams consisting of 152 members. The required data were collected through structured interviews and were analyzed using the UCINET 6.0 Social Network Analysis Program. Results: The results reported a relatively low number of triple connections, poor coordination with key members, and a high level of mutual relations in the network with low density, all implying that there were low cohesions of coordination in the ERT. Conclusion: The results showed that SNA provided a quantitative and logical approach for the examination of the coordination status among response teams and it also provided a main opportunity for managers and planners to have a clear understanding of the presented status. The research concluded that fundamental efforts were needed to improve the presented situations.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.35-45
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate perception of patient safety culture, incident reporting, and safety care activities among clinical nurses and to identify factors associated with the safety care activities. Methods: Structured questionnaires were used to collect data from 155 nurses who were involved in direct patient-care. Results: Descriptive statistical anaylses revealed that the mean score of patient safety culture was $3.26{\pm}0.32$ and $4.19{\pm}0.41$ was for the safety care activities. In incident reporting, reporting intention ($3.56{\pm}0.68$), belief in improvement ($3.42{\pm}0.60$), worry about appraisal ($3.37{\pm}0.65$) and reporting knowledge ($3.36{\pm}0.72$) respectively. Correlational analyses showed that perceived patient safety culture (r=.36), reporting intention (r=.34), belief in improvement (r=.32), and the knowledge (r=.38) in incident reporting were positively correlated with safety care activities, while the worry about appraisal in incident reporting attitude was negatively correlated. The factors associated with safety care activities were incident reporting knowledge (${\beta}=.31$, p<.001), supervisor/managers' attitudes toward patient safety culture (${\beta}=.29$, p<.001), belief in improvement of incident reporting attitude (${\beta}=.16$, p=.041). Conclusion: These results suggest that to improve safety care activities among hospital nurses, it is necessary to educate nurses on incident reporting. Also, a system-level approach is needed to support leadership in patient safety and to provide positive feedback on incident reporting.