• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.47-56
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• 2010

The construction of new roads and the consistent extension of already-existing roads or the line-shape revision of those roads are increased with the governmental investment to SOC facilities currently. Accordingly, the road cut slopes are in the trend of rapidly increasing. As the road slope has increased, a lot of human and property damages has entailed consequently and in the local case, numerous studies have carried out aiming at minimizing this damages caused by the rockfall and landslide. In general, standard falling rock prevention facility has employed for most of the local road slope based on "Guide for Installation and Management of Road Safety Facilities" published by MLTM(the Ministry of Land, Transport, and Maritime Affairs) but profound doubt has raised as to whether this rockfall prevention facility would function properly enough to prevent rockfall efficiently without any damages in case of actual occurrence of rockfall. In addition, it is a reality that in most cases, such work is relied on overseas technology as a whole as the local technical level is low and in case of rockfall prevention net, it is judged that a study on rockfall prevention net that is able to endure more powerful rockfall energy is required as the problem including net bursting is taken place as a result of enough bearing force being failed to be demonstrated due to its partial weak point(not uniformly made). Under this background, in this study, three kinds of model depending on mesh size of expanded metal that is considered to have an adoptability as rockfall prevention net, as target are selected and characteristics depending on mesh size of expanded metal is intended to be researched through a pull-out test performance by using pull-out test equipment rockfall prevention net.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.428-436
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• 2012

This study aimed to develop the multi-span plastic greenhouse which is suitable for tomato cultivation and is safe against climatic disasters such as typhoon or heavy snow. The width and heights of eaves and ridge of newly developed tomato greenhouse are 7, 4.5 and 6.5 m, respectively. The width is the same but the eaves and ridge heights are 1.8 and 2 m higher than conventional 1-2 W greenhouses, respectively. Cross beam has been designed as a truss structure so it can sustain loads of tomato and equipment. Tomato greenhouse has been designed according to climatic disaster preventing design standard maintaining the high height. In other words, the material dimensions and interval of materials including column and rafter have been set to stand against $40m{\cdot}s^{-1}$ of wind and 40 cm of snow. Tomato greenhouse has been equipped with rack-pinion type roof vents which have been used in glass greenhouse in order to prevent excessive rise in air temperature. This vent type is different from that of 1-2 W type greenhouse which is made by rolling up and down the vinyl at upper part of column. Roof vents are installed at ridge, and thus external air inflow and natural ventilation are maximized. As the height increases, heating cost increase as well and, therefore, tomato greenhouse has been equipped with multi-layered thermal curtain, of which thermo-keeping is excellent, to prevent heat from escaping.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.177-186
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• 2009

Rumble strip was introduced in highway pavement for driver's safety in Korea on 2000. With proving its effectiveness, total length of highway with rumble strip has increased. This research team suggested a modified form of the existing rumble strip, which was placed on new concrete pavement during construction. The modified construction equipment was applied on test section at PyungTeak-Eumsung highway with some performance experiments. Through the equation of stopping sight distance proposed AASHTO, the modified form is safer than the existing one due to 0.65m of extra width. The indoor noise test showed that the modified form $3.5{\sim}9dB(A)$ noisier than the main pavement, which wasn't applied by rumble method. Therefore, it was one of alternatives to prevent sleeping. The modified form made the frequency effected on man's eye. There were no differences of the noise and vibration between modified form and existing one. However, that driver who participated on operating test on that section felt that the former was safer than the latter. It can be concluded that modified form can be applied to the new concrete pavement, that will decrease traffic accident.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.857-864
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• 2019

Many countries, including Canada, operate a sonographer license system separately from a radiological technologist license. However, in Korea, radiological technologists perform ultrasound imaging under the guidance of doctors. Therefore, in order to have the opportunity to provide a systematic education by analyzing the job competency of the radiological technologist's ultrasound imaging, based on the Canadian National Competency Profile (NCP) lists, this study measured the job content validity of the job competences and detailed competencies required for performing ultrasonography in Korea. From the results of comparing and analyzing the importance of the core competencies included in the Korean radiological technologist's job competencies and the degree of job performance, the average overall importance was 4.087, the average of overall performance was 3.640, showing that the importance was higher than the performance and that there was a statistically significant difference. In conclusion, 'A Communication', 'B Professional responsibilities', 'D Operation of equipment' and 'G Workplace health and safety' showed high job content validity. However, it is said that as 'C Patient assessment and care', 'E Critical thinking and problem solving', and 'H Image' showed low job content validity, it is necessary to seek ways to strengthen and complement these competencies.

• Journal of Drive and Control
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.10-18
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• 2016

A front-end loader (FEL) mounted on an agricultural tractor is one of the most commonly used implements to mechanize routine agricultural tasks. When the FEL is used with a loaded bucket, careful operation is required to maintain safety and avoid spillage when the tractor passes a bump because a change in the gravity center of the tractor due to varied loadings can affect the stability of the tractor. Use of a boom suspension system consisting of accumulators and orifice dampers can be instrumental in reducing pitching vibrations while increasing the handling performance of the FEL-mounted tractor. The objective of this research was to reduce bump shocks by adding an orifice and a flow control valve to the original hydraulic circuit composed solely of accumulators. A simulation study was performed using the SimulationX program to investigate the effects of an accumulator and an orifice-throttle damper on bump shocks. Results showed that the peak pressure on a boom cylinder and the vertical acceleration of a bucket were significantly affected by use of both an accumulator and an orifice damper. In a field test conducted with a 75-kW tractor, the peak pressure of the boom cylinder, and the root mean square (RMS) vertical acceleration of the bucket and seat were reduced by on average, 23.0, 42.2, and 44.9% respectively, as compared to those measured with the original accumulator system, showing that an improved design for the accumulator hydraulic circuit can reduce bump shocks. Further studies are needed to design a tractor suspension system that includes the effects of cabin suspension and tires as well as dynamic analysis.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2014

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the preferences of kitchen environment for stroke patients. Methods : The subjects of this study were 97 who have experience in rehabilitation therapy at hospitals in Busan. A questionnaire was distributed and collected from February 24th to March 13th, 2014. Descriptive statistics of frequency Study were used to analyze data. Results : First, the subjects demand for improvement that use a chair for work and install non-slip tiles. Second, they preferred the non-slip mat, boilers in heating equipment, drawer storage, L-shaped safety handle, adjustable sink of the height, automatic cutout of gas leak, faucet of touch-sensitive type, ㄷ-shaped kitchen and the ceiling-type hood in ventilation system. Third, they need kitchen items such as the sink self coming down, scissors for slices and knife to avoid hand injury. Conclusion : This study would contribute to kitchen environment for fall prevention and ease in use.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.539-552
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• 2022

In the case of train stations, due to the specificity of underground spaces with limited smoke emissions, if appropriate removal equipment is not equipped, the damage caused by fire smoke may increase in the event of a fire. As a result, the need for measures to ensure the safety of evacuation of underground stations has been highlighted, and research for safe evacuation of platform users in case of fire is continuously being conducted at home and abroad. However, although the smoke removal area is currently divided by smoke boundary walls and platform screen doors (PSD) and installed in the train platform, standards for smoke removal methods (air supply or exhaust) for each fire removal area, that is, smoke removal mode, are not presented. In this study, fire analysis and evacuation analysis were performed to estimate the number of deaths and to derive F/N guidance in order to quantitatively evaluate the fire risk according to the fire station fire, and the total risk was the lowest in the case of fire area exhaust and supply to adjacent areas.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.393-412
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• 2021

This study examines the assessment systems of LEED v4.1, an eco-friendly building evaluation system in the United States, and SITE v2, an assessment system for sustainable outdoor spaces, and then compares and examines them from the perspective ofrelevant laws and institutional guidelines and standards in Korea. The conclusion is as follows. First, the US eco-friendly certification system basically not only establishes an independent evaluation system according to the field of expertise, but also provides a sustainable city and community through response to the climate crisis and the comfort of the external space environment. It can be evaluated that securing the quality of life of healthy and happy city dwellers is the top priority. Second, Korea's Green Building Certification System (G-LEED) was basically based on the American LEED system, but it was judged that there was a fundamental difference. It was judged that there is a limitation in not being able to achieve an integrated approach through the participation of various expert groups and stakeholders, but also in the accumulation of more scientific and reliable data and information through the application of cutting-edge information and communication equipment. Third, in the case of external space in Korea, a sustainable assessment system has not been established, and not only is it dispersed in various legal and institutional guidelines, but also its effectiveness is judged to be very low. Therefore, it is judged that it is urgent to introduce and secure the applicability of SITES v2, a sustainable outdoor space assessment system in the United States. It was judged that the effectiveness should be secured through the upward adjustment of the minimum Ecological Area Ratio.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.172-177
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• 2021

As part of the digital era, a digital twin that simulates the weak part of a product by performing a stress test that reduces the lifespan of some expensive equipment that cannot be done in reality by accurately moving the real world to virtual reality is being actively used in the manufacturing industry. Due to the development of IoT, the digital twin, which accurately collects data collected from the real world and makes it the same in the virtual space, is mutually beneficial through accurate prediction of urban life problems such as traffic, disaster, housing, quarantine, energy, environment, and aging. Based on its action, it is positioned as a necessary tool for smart city construction. Although digital twin is widely applied to the manufacturing field, this study proposes a smart city model suitable for the 4th industrial revolution era by using it to smart cities and increasing citizens' safety, welfare, and convenience through the proposed model. In addition, when a digital twin is applied to a smart city, it is expected that more accurate prediction and analysis will be possible by real-time synchronization between the real and virtual by maintaining realism and immediacy through real-time interaction.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.43-54
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• 2019

In this paper, we review the applicability of fog screen to implement 'Spatial Augmented Reality' which displays the image on the whole space of real space or in real space by separating display equipment and user, in contrast to the traditional Augmented Reality. Through three exhibitions and one performance, we confirmed t hat the fog screen, which can be passed through, is a suitable material for implementing the Spatial Augment ed Reality. We found that the hologram production was easier than before because of fog screen. Through the questionnaire survey conducted on performers along with the exhibition, we found that only about half of people know what a fog screen is, and about 10% of the total respondents saw the fog screen. In order to investigate the effect of fog screen on the surrounding space, we conducted an experiment to observe the change of humidity according to the time and distance in the Children's Culture Center of the Asian Culture Center. We found that the humidity within a radius of 5m around the fog screen could increase by 2~3%($6,400m^3$ standard). Thus we provided some safety requirement with fog screen when works made of materials vulnerable to moisture such as paint, paper, and wood are exhibited at the same time with fog screen in the exhibition hall.