• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.130-134
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• 2016

Due to the need for advanced technologies in the automotive industry, the demand for lighter and safer vehicles has increased. Even though various nonferrous metals, like Aluminum, Magnesium and also Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP), have been implemented in the automotive industry, a lot of technical research and development is still focused on ferrous metals. In particular, the market volume of High Strength Steel (HSS) parts and Ultra High Strength Steel (UHSS) by hot press forming parts has expanded significantly in all countries' automotive industries. A new tool steel, High Thermal-Conductivity Tool Steel (HTCS), for stamping punches and dies has been developed and introduced by Rovalma Company (Spain), and it is able to support better productivity and quality during hot press forming. The HTCS punches and dies could help to reduce cycle time due to their high thermal conductivity, one of the major factors in hot press forming operation. In this study, test dies were manufactured in order to verify the high thermal conductivity of HTCS material compared to SKD6. In addition, thermal deformation was inspected after the heating and cooling process of hot press forming. After heating and cooling, the test dies were measured by a 3D scanner and compared with the original geometry. The results showed that the thermal deformation and distortion were very small even though the cooling time was reduced by 2 seconds.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.20 no.2 s.70
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• pp.162-168
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• 2005

The lower flash points for the n-propanol+n-decane flammable mixture were measured by the Tag open-cup apparatus(ASTM D 1310). The experimental results of mixture exhibited the lower flash point than those of pure component in the flash point versus composition curve. The experimental value of the minimum flash point is $27^{\circ}C$ at a mole fraction of n-propanol of 0.71, and the flash point of n-propanol was $28^{\circ}C$. The experimentally obtained data were compared with the values that had been calculated by use of the prediction model, which assumes an ideal solution, and the flash point prediction models based on the van Laar equation were used to estimate the activity coefficients. The predictive curve based on an ideal solution deviated from the experimental data for this system. The experimental results demonstrate a close agreement with the predicted curves, which used the van Laar equation. The average absolute deviation(A.A.D.) from using the van Lau equation is $0.83^{\circ}C$. The methodology proposed here in this paper can thus be applied to incorporate an inherently safer design for chemical processes, such as determining safe storage and handling conditions for flammable solutions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.21 no.3 s.75
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• pp.73-80
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• 2006

Generally beam design depends on the yielding and maximum strength of each member varying with its section shape. Web plate of H-shape beam has not been substituted with glass plate, because it is known that its strength and heat properties are different and it is limited to substitute the existing steel web with glass element. Ceiling height of each room should be decreased with more than 60-80cm due to the beam. Differently from this condition, glass web beam has a good point to see through it and sunshine can be penetrate into the other size especially when it is installed as of outside wall. And also, it can be safer due to controlling room inside easier, if the strength is applicate. This study is to show some applicability after finding out the properties using the test. The test members with a size of $1,600{\times}200{\times}300{\times}9mm$ being SS41 rolled steel having THK 9mm flange while having 8,10mm and reinforced glass 12mm thickness is bonded with epoxy bond under the condition of temperature $28^{\circ}C$, humidity 50%, bonding power 24Mpa. It is show reinforced glass has 5 times of fracture stress more than the common glass but $50{\sim}150%$ difference between these 2 kinds of glass was shown. Reinforce glass did not support the original upper flange after fracture but the common glass did the upper flange after unloading. Generally reinforced glass is stronger than the common one but the common glass having a part of crack on it, compared with reinforced glass having the overall fracture could be more useful in case of needing ductility.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.4 no.2 s.10
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• pp.37-45
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• 2000

The underground buried pipelines of Natural gas are relatively safer than any other pipelines of chemical plants, because Natural gas is non-corrosive fluid. But Natural gas is supplied normally the downtown area. So, it may be a disaster because of corrosion which is caused interference facilities, environment and third party accident which is caused facilities construction. Especially, it is very difficult to find out and inspect damages of pipeline because of buried pipelines. Therefore this paper approached to select and manage risk region pipelines according to introduction of underground buried pipeline's risk concept. Risk was indicated three parts - corrosion factor, design and construction factor, maintence and management factor - in this paper, Therefore qualitive risk of pipelines showed score as quantitative number. Also it was thought to be helpful in confidence and safety management that the concept of key index and failure supplementation measures to cost introduces this program. We developed this risk assessment program using visual basic tool and interfaced GIS.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.1-20
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• 2018

Despite many measures, still from time to time catastrophic events occur, even after reviewing potential scenarios with HAZID tools. Therefore, it is evident that in order to prevent such events, answering the question: "What can go wrong?" requires more enhanced HAZID tools. Recently, new system based approaches have been proposed, such as STPA (system-theoretic process analysis) and Blended Hazid, but for the time being for several reasons their availability for general use is very limited. However, by making use of available advanced software and technology, traditional HAZID tools can still be improved in degree of completeness of identifying possible hazards and in work time efficiency. The new HAZID methodology proposed here, the Data-based semi-Automatic HAZard IDentification (DAHAZID), seeks to identify possible scenarios with a semi-automated system approach. Based on the two traditional HAZID tools, Hazard Operability (HAZOP) Study and Failure Modes, Effects, and Criticality Analysis (FMECA), the new method will minimize the limitations of each method. This will occur by means of a thorough systematic preparation before the tools are applied. Rather than depending on reading drawings to obtain connectivity information of process system equipment elements, this research is generating and presenting in prepopulated work sheets linked components together with all required information and space to note HAZID results. Next, this method can be integrated with proper guidelines regarding process safer design and hazard analysis. To examine its usefulness, the method will be applied to a case study.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.395-402
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• 2019

The development and operation of the MASS (Maritime Autonomous Surface Ship) is being actively discussed for more efficient and safer maritime transportation solutions. The autonomous navigation technology has positive aspects such as the prevention of marine accidents, improvement of fuel efficiency of ships and cost reduction, and negative aspects such as job loss, task change, and security problems. It is expected that there will be new human element issues such as the situation awareness of remote operators, because the shore-based control will be conducted when fully autonomous ships are in operation. In this paper, we consider major human element issues that should be factored in the development and operation of MASS, and suggest a method of HRA (Human Reliability Analysis) for P IFs (Performance Influencing Factors) of the remote operators that are expected according to the shore-based control.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.117-125
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• 2010

Entering into the 21th century, the whole world is facing the various problems such as environmental disruption, resource exhaustion, and social isolation due to the consequences of population growth and economic development. Especially, as the world population is aging, the solutions for these problems are being suggested with a new paradigm of environmental design for sustainable society providing more affluent and safer life for them. Aging societies are experiencing the difficulty in pursuing persistent vitality of life when aged population is socially excluded, and communities are stagnant due to the decrease of economic activities. In other words, those factors are causing the problems of social sustainability associated with the vital duration of local society and communities. In order to develop successful environment for aging society, it is necessary for us to precisely review how advanced countries are changing their directions. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine current trends of the aging friendly environment and find out the measures to promote social sustainability under the crisis of aging society. For this purpose, using qualitative methods, this study analyzed the contents presented at a professional conference , that showed current trends clearly, into three dimensions of social sustainability; the social integration of senior living communities with local society, the vitality of the communities, and the invigoration of individual senior lives. As a result, this study found that the measures that attempt to enhance the social sustainability of aging population can be also used to invigorate the communities.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.75-80
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• 2020

Since the Fourth Industrial Revolution, important technologies such as big data analysis, robotics, Internet of Things, and the artificial intelligence have been used in various fields. Generally speaking it is understood that the big-data technology consists of gathering stage for enormous data, analyzing and processing stage and distributing stage. Until now crime records which is one of useful big-sized data are utilized to obtain investigation information after occurring crimes. If crime records are utilized to predict crimes it is believed that crime occurring frequency can be lowered by processing big-sized crime records in big-data framework. In this research the design is proposed that the smart system can provide the users of smart devices crime occurrence probability by processing crime records in big-data analysis. Specifically it is meant that the proposed system will guide safer routes by displaying crime occurrence probabilities on the digital map in a smart device. In the experiment result for a smart application dealing with small local area it is showed that its usefulness is quite good in crime prevention.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.103-112
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• 2004

This paper suggests the way to realize smart card security system by using handwritten signature instead of a password which is traditionally used for user authentication. Because of the familiarity of signature we don't need to try to remember the password and signature is difficult to be used by guess or illegal forced situation. The feature data of handwritten signature is large, so we designed COS which is consist of special commands for processing user's handwritten signature data, user authentication, and basic commands based on ISO 7816-3. Also protocol among user, smart card terminal and DB server is designed. In registration process, the feature data of user signature is saved in both a DB server and a smart card. User authentication is processed by comparing the user signature and the saved feature data in a smart card and in a DB server. And the authentication result and hash value of signature data in DB server are transferred to smart card. During this process the authentication between DB server and user is finished. The proposed security system has more higher level of security in user authentication of smart card and it will Provide safer and more convenient security services.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate recognition and knowledge regarding clinical trials, in particular, after a clinical trial education program (CTEP) among student nurses. Methods: A cross-sectional survey design of 215 student nurses at a university in Seoul was used with structured questionnaires. Results: Respondents had a high level of need for clinical trial and moderate levels in favorable image, safety, and need for education regarding clinical trial. The respondents who had participated in the CTEP felt the clinical trial more favorable and safer than those who did not. However, there were no significant differences in necessity of clinical trials and need for education regarding clinical trial between the CTEP participation and no participation groups. Respondents had a high level of knowledge about clinical trial, even though half of the respondents misunderstood that the physician can convince the subject to participate in clinical trial. There was no significant difference in knowledge level between groups. One third of the respondents had an intention to work in the area related to clinical trial because of aptitude or future prospect. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that the CTEP might have an effect on student nurses' recognition rather than knowledge. The CTEP should be therefore developed targeting specific areas of misconceptions and recognition changes.