• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.380-385
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• 2016

Railway tracks are repeatedly overstressed and damaged owing to increase in passing tonnage and numerous contact cycles between wheels of train and rails. In order to ensure safe train operation, heat-treated rails are used in addition to regular inspection and maintenance of these rails. Normal rails were treated using ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification (UNSM) to strengthen the surface of rails. A few changes in surface properties were detected with respect to hardness and compressive residual stress after UNSM treatment. Wear and rolling contact fatigue tests were performed using rails whose surfaces were hardened by UNSM and heat-treated rails. The amount of wear and fatigue life cycles were measured to estimate the effect of UNSM on the rail material. The material of the surfacehardened rail showed improved wear and rolling contact fatigue properties.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Food Hygiene and Safety Conference
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• 1994.06a
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• pp.17-22
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• 1994

Food additives are minor components which are used to enhance nutritive or sensory values, and to improve shelf life of foods. In foods, natural additives are preferred over artificial or synthetic materials because of concern on food safety. Many biotechnological techniques have been applied to the production of food additives since the biotechnology has been utilized to prodyce many flavor components such as glutamate, 5'-nucleotides, esters, 2,3-bytadione, pyrazines, terpenes, and lactones. Natural flavors, fragrances, sweetners, and colorants can be produced by plant cell culture. Many lactic acid bacteria produce bacteriocins such as nisin or diplococcin. These bacteriocins are used as safe preservatives in foods and many researches on the improvenment of bacteriocin productivity by genetic engineering are in progress.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.403-414
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• 2003

Periodic safety review on Kori Unit 1 has been successfully done for the first time in Korea. 11 safety factors of the review were fully evaluated in accordance with the domestic legal system. Although it is the oldest nuclear power plant in Korea, Kori Unit 1 was found to have maintained good operating conditions and continuously enhanced its safety by implementing post-TMI action plans and other safety issues, such as replacing steam generators and process/control system. It can be therefore confirmed that safe operation of Kori Unit 1 is guaranteed until next periodic safety review. Nevertheless, some corrective action items were recommended to enhance further its safety level, such as equipment qualification, additional ageing management program, strengthening of some procedures related to administration and human factor. The results of PSR can be utilized for the continued operation beyond the design life as long as the plant safety is maintained and improved. Experiences of the PSR on Kori Unit 1 can be also applied to PSR on other plants.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.85-95
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• 2002

Environmental furniture comprises an independent design branch as distinguished from he design of street furniture. Environmental furniture helps people enjoy outdoor relaxation and cultural activities by creating convenient facilities and plays a part as the medium connecting environment and living. As a tool effecting all outdoor living conditions including home and public environment, it helps people lead a convenient and safe outdoor life. It is an important element that contributes to the image of outdoor scenery. Therefore, the design of environmental furniture should : 1)consider environment including 3R(Recycle, Reuse and Reduce) which makes harmony with nature without destroying it. 2)seek qualitative improvement by using environmental friendly materials and continuously developing new materials. 3)be assisted by the administrative support from the government to make the environmental furniture design an integral part of the city plan. The quality of a city environment will be greatly improved when people's interest in and their changed view towards environmental furniture is effected.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.115-128
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• 2001

Housing is the most important environment for the disabled because they spend most of this in their housing. However, their housing do not fully support their housing needs. Most of the hoses are designed for the healthy young people. Therefore, the disabled often have accidents in their homes. The physically disabled people want to stay in their homes and familar environment as long as possible. In order for the disabled to live in the housing as long as they want, the housing should support their safe and independent living. For this purpose, the housing is required to be altered to fit their needs. Sweden is one of the best welfare countries in the world. The Swedish government supports all the expenses for the disabled to stay in their housing and familiar environments. The study was to investigate a case on housing alterations for the physically disabled woman in Sweden. In addition, this study suggested the applications and adaptability of the housing alterations for the physically disabled in Korea.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.1-7
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• 2008

Recently the wind energy has been alternatively used as a renewable energy resource instead of the mostly used fossil fuel due to its lack and environmental issues. This work is to propose a structural design and analysis procedure for development of the low noise 100W class small wind turbine system which will be applicable to relatively low speed region like Korea and for the domestic use. Structural analysis including load cases, stress, deformation, buckling, vibration and fatigue life was performed using the Finite Element Method, the load spectrum analysis and the Miner rule. In order to evaluate the designed structure, the structural test was carried out and its test results were compared with the estimated results. In addition, the blade should be safe from the impact damage due to FOD(Foreign Object Damage) including the bird strike. In order to analize the bird strike penomena on the blade, MSC. Dytran was used, and the applied method Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian was evalud by comparison with the previous study results.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Pressure Vessels and Piping
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.30-39
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• 2011

URANUS (Ubiquitous, Robust, Accident-forgiving, Non-proliferating, Ultra-lasting and Sustainer) has been developed with 35MWe (100MWth) operating without primary coolant pump, capitalizing on natural circulation capability of lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) for long-life small and robust power units. To ensure the structural integrity, the large safety margin against Safe Shutdown Earthquake, 0.3g, and furthermore the cost effectiveness for URANUS, three-dimensional seismic base isolation design has been developed. The analytical model has been developed and seismic time history analyses have been carried out. The advantage for using three-dimensional seismic base isolation for URANUS has been discussed.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2002

Estimated number of adults and children newly infected with HIV-1 during 2001 alone is 5 million in total. An effective vaccine, in addition to education & public health approaches, has been believed to be the best option to stop the HIV-1 transmission, especially for developing countries. Among AIDS vaccine candidates, DNA vaccine is relatively safe and, in a certain extent, mimics some attributes of live attenuated vaccine, with regard to in vivo gene expression & the type of immunity induced. We recently demonstrated that DNA vaccines expressing SIVmac239 structural and regulatory genes, augmented with coadministration of IL-12 mutant induced the strongest T cell responses, resulting in low to undetectable setpoint viral loads, stable $CD4^+$ T cell counts, and no evidence of clinical diseases or mortality by day 420 after challenge. This finding is the second demonstration, following the protective result of live attenuated SIV vaccine in SIVmac-rhesus monkey model, which was known to have safety problem. So, our DNA vaccines could give a significant impact on HIV-1 epidemic by slowing or stopping the spread of HIV-1, leading to eventual eradication of HIV-1 and AIDS in the population.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.951-952
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• 2006

Railway signaling systems are so vital to ensure the safe operation of railroad and the assurance and demonstration of the safety is so important. The safety management process shall consist of a number of phases and activities, which are linked to form the safety life-cycle. The basic processes of safety management and safety activity throughout the lifecycle are 'risk analysis' and 'hazard control'. The safety managements and activities for the two kinds of aspects are implemented throughout the whole steps of system lifecycle. The risk analyses and hazard controls like those are needed, these activities have to be carried out through the whole of system lifecycle.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.265-282
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• 2000

Despite manufacturers' effort to provide safe and reliable products, a number of product-related accidents occur all over the world resulting in much damage to property, personal injury and even loss of life. Considerable evidence indicates that some accidents arise from user negligence, but most are due to the design, manufacture, and distribution of unreasonably dangerous products when compared to their use. As a result, a tremendous number of product liability lawsuits have been filed, many times causing huge amount of financial damages to manufacturers. Furthermore, with increasing government regulation and growing power of consumer lobbies, manufacturers might be more exposed to product liability claims in the future than now. The objectives of this study are twofold: to provide a framework of future research on product liability and safety and to introduce a product safety policy. To accomplish these objectives, previous studies on product liability and safety were reviewed thoroughly. The product safety policy consists of two parts: (1) an engineering design strategy for reducing product-related risks and (2) a management program for a product liability loss prevention plan. The policy is essential to preventing manufacturers' liability exposure as well as designing a safer product.