• 성인간호학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.280-295
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• 2008

Purpose: This ethnography in communication aimed to explore the changes in consciousness on time and temporality as an elderly became older. This study focused on time as a primary message systems of Edward Hall. Methods: The assumption of the study was that the aging body as an expression of biological time is a meta of physical, personal, and social time. Data were collected from iterative fieldwork in a clan between Jan, 1990 and April, 2007. The key informants were 13 women and men aged 70 years old or more at the beginning of study. Changes in physical time and temporality as the women's body declined in its physical function was analyzed. As the cultural context, informants' every life and the history of the clan were also analyzed. Results: The meta-time of the informants were constituted as follows: In the low-contextual dimension, physical time perceived as longer and personal time perceived as shorter than they were young; In high-contextual dimension, informant and residents had a polychronic perspective and aged-centered time perspectives.; In the supernatural dimension of time, sacred time were reinforced by rituals. Informants extended temporality to their springs' world and ancestors' world. Conclusion: As the informants recognized slugged body movements and time-limited present life, their views on their life world towards the future of spring and of the sacred world of ancestors. Thereby, their identity as a member of a clan was reinforced. This result informed us on what we should focus on when caring with older women.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2004

Acute poisoning is one of the diseases which need the most fastest emergency measures at the very beginning. However, at present, The Korea doesn't manage the toxication all over the country, and in particular, there is no guide to medical cure paying due regard to the traits of each area. This paper focused on the issue that the necessary data in preparing the facilities for the treatment of the poisoned patients and materials for medical treatment including antidote would have to be collected, after finding the special features of the symptoms by searching the present conditions of the poisoning in small towns next to farm villages in the North area of Youngseo, Kangwon province. This study was based on the questionnaires from 111 patients who were carried into the emergency room by the poisoning in two university hospitals of the North area of Youngseo, Kangwon, for one year, 2002. Upon investigation, the patients(111) visiting emergency room by the acute poisoning during the research period was found to be 0.37 percent of all patients(30,085) visiting emergency room. Among them, the most high percentage was given in their twenties and thirties at the rate of $39.6\%$, and the ratio($40.5\%$) of the poisoned patients after their fifties was much higher than a research($10\%$) of other areas. Many poisoned patients came to their rescue in an emergency room generally in spring and in winter, from 7 a.m. to 3 p.m. Agricultural chemical of the toxic materials had a majority at a ratio of $57.7\%$, and paraquat of the agricultural chemicals was found to have a lot of toxicity by $31.7\%$. As the trace of the toxication, the oral poisoning was common by $89.2\%$, and $55.9\%$ in the case of operating gastric lavage and nasogastric irrigation, but only $14.4\%$ for prescribing antidote. The mortality of the acute poisoned patients was $17.2\%$, and the toxication by paraquat held a majority. As a result, the acute poisoning of the North area in Youngseo, Kangwon had both of the characteristics of the rural and the city, and the patients over their fifties by the population aging had more attack of the disease than other regions. Also, with the high ratio of the toxication by the agricultural chemicals, especially, the lethal agricultural chemical was used frequently. Therefore, these dangerous situations need to find the ways to cope with.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2005

Purpose: With the recent boom in 'eating healthy', many adults are interested in dieting to prevent future diseases. However only well trained experts can distinguish between what are edible vegetables and herbs from their poisonous look-alikes. In cases where a patient unknowingly ingests a poisonous herb, is caught off guard by the poisonous side effects that occur because of their lack of knowledge of what they have ingested. This paper will focus on the need to educate the public about the risks involved with ingesting wild vegetables and herbs and study the emergency diagnosis and treatment of poisoned patients that enter the emergency room. Method: This study was done in the spring of 2004 (from March to May) in the Kangwon Young-Seo districts of Korea. 15 subjects used in this study, entered the emergency room showing signs of toxic symptoms. Data was collected by examining subject's records. Additional data was collected by collaborating with physicians in the hospital that diagnosed and treated the subjects. Identifying the poisonous vegetable or herb is the first step to proper diagnosis and treatment. Subjects admitted to the emergency room, underwent a battery of tests: laboratory examination, ECG, radiological exam and etc. Results: The demographics of the study encompassed subjects with the average age of $50{\pm}19$ years old. There were 10 men and 5 women. Common symptoms of this study included; gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain and so on. In the case of Caltha palustris ingestion, additional symptoms were present; bradycardia and hypotension which lasted for a long time. While cases that ingested Scopolia parviflora had little effect on vital signs but manic episodes lasted for about three days. Veratrum patulum ingestion showed signs of bradycardia and hypotension but contrary to Caltha palustris recovery was shorten by treating with dopamine. However, dizziness, headache and paresthesia of the extremities continued for a long time. Finally Sium ninsi ingestion showed visual disturbance, paresthesia of the extremities, dizziness as their initial symptoms. Conclusion: The risks involved with ingesting wild plants without the proper knowledge can lead to serious side effects and steps need to be taken to educate the public. In addition, all emergency physicians need to have a working knowledge of the symptoms and signs associated with ingesting toxic wild plants and need to treat accordingly.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.48-51
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• 2006

With well-being boom recently, the common people, but not experts, are increasingly taking in them directly by picking wild herbs. However, only experts can distinguish between edible vegetables and poisonous herbs from the wild herbs. Especially, it is not even easy for experts to distinguish them only by looking into buds in spring without flowers or fruit. So, sometimes many patients are being carried into the emergency room by the toxic symptom after taking by misunderstanding the poisonous herbs as edible vegetables. For herb intoxication as well as drug intoxication, what kinds of vegetables patients took in, and when and how much they took in them are important information for curing. Of course, in the case of intoxicating in the wild herbs, the patients can have a lot of symptoms and sings-hemodynamic alteration and abnormal neurologic sign as well as gastrointestinal symptoms-according to the kinds of herbs which they took in. Therefore, it is difficult to find the kinds of herbs which they took in through the specific symptoms. Recently we experienced a case with showing typical anticholinergic symptoms after ingestion of Scopolia japonica. As a result, the publicity activities about the wild plants needs because if the person without their previous knowledge take in the poisonous herbs, serious side effects can be produced..

• 디자인학연구
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.83-91
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• 1999

19세기 말, 새로운 예술에 대한 열정은 유럽 여러 나라에서 다양한 형태로 발전 되었으며, 이들의 활동은 단지 예술 행위와 활동에 국한 되지 않은, 영국의 미술, 공예 운동과 같은 사회개혁의 실천적 성격을 강하게 띄기도 하였다. 이러한 분위기 속에서 비엔나는 유럽제국의 중심지로 성장하면서, 새로움에 대한 끊임없는 도전을 시도하는 은 예술가들의 중심 무대로 성장 할 수 있었다. 비엔나 아르누보 운동은 "모든 예술은 평등하다"라는 예술의 민주화 사상을 실천하려고 노력한 비엔나 분리파 등과 같은 선각자들과 이들이 활발히 활동 할 수 있었던 토양이 되어 준 비엔나의 정치, 경제, 문화적 배경으로 꽃 피울 수 있었다. 이들은 기계 기술문명을 거부하고 과거의 수공예적인 전통적 방법으로 희귀로 현실을 극복하고자 했던 미술, 공예운동 주의자 들과는 달리 기계 문명을 적극적으로 수용 함으로써 대량생산 시스템 속에서 새로운 형태 미학의 방향을 제시 하였다고 볼 수 있을 것이다. 본 연구의 목적은 세기 말 전 유럽을 풍미했던 아프누보의 물결 가운데 하나의 신양식 운동으로 그친 대부분의 나라들과 달리 근대 기계 미학의 기초가 되었던 비엔나 아르누보 운동을 당시 시대적 배경과 기엔나 아르누보 운동을 전개한 분리파 들의 활동등을 통하여 고찰해 봄으로써 그 의의를 찾아내는데 있다고 하겠다.다고 하겠다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.603-608
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• 2002

목 적 : 최근 연간 10여건으로 감소추세로 보고되고 있는 백일해의 유행실태와 임상양상을 분석함으로써 백일해에 대한 역학적 자료와 임상적 진단의 지침 마련에 도움이 되고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 2000년 3월부터 2001년 3월까지 본원에 입원한 환아 중 1주일 이상의 심한 백일해양 기침 증상을 보인 환아 49명을 대상으로 비인두 가검물을 채취하여 PCR과 배양검사를 실시하였다. 결 과 : 49명의 검사 의뢰 환아 중 10명이 PCR 양성이었고 이중 4명이 배양검사 양성이었다. 이환 환아는 모두 봄철인 3-5월과 가을철인 9-11월에 발생하였고, 나이별로는 10명 모두 6개월 미만이였고 이중 8명이 DTaP 미접종 환아이었다. 결 론 : 본 연구에서 백일해로 진단된 환아들은 대부분 지역의원에서 질병 초기에 세기관지염, 폐렴 및 기관지염으로 진단되어 치료를 받다가 전원 되었다. 그러므로 특히 DTaP 접종을 받지 않은 영아에서 특징적인 '흡' 소리가 없더라도 심한 기침이 있는 경우 관심을 가지고 백일해 진단을 위한 검사를 시행한다면 보다 많은 수의 백일해 환자가 진단될 가능성이 있다고 사료된다.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.88-94
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• 2022

Purpose: This study was based on the Korean Foot and Ankle Society (KFAS) member survey and aimed to report the current trends in the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of acute Achilles tendon rupture (AATR) over the past few decades. Materials and Methods: A web-based questionnaire containing 34 questions was sent to all KFAS members in October 2021. The questions were mainly related to the clinical experience and preferred management of patients with AATR. Answers with a prevalence ≥50% of the respondents were considered a tendency. Results: Seventy-one (12.9%) of the 550 members responded to the survey. The male sex ratio in AATR was answered mean 78%, and the most common age groups were 30~40 years (n=49; 69.0%), and 40~50 years (n=37; 52.1%), in that order. The most common seasons for the occurrence of AATR were spring (37 cases; 52.1%) and autumn (27 cases; 38.0%). Also, sports-related rupture had an average occurrence of 76.2%. The most important clinical factor to determine the type of treatment was the history of previous injuries, and 75.9% of respondents started conservative treatment in the 2010s. The most preferred protocol of conservative treatment was an orthosis capable of ankle range of motion after casting (68.5%), and 53.7% 'satisfied' and 1.9% 'very satisfied' with conservative treatment. The most preferred surgical method was open repair (80.3%), and the Krackow method (60.6%), and 49.3% of treated patients responded 'satisfied' and 45.1% 'very satisfied' with this treatment. Conclusion: This study gives updated information concerning the current trend of epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of AATR in Korea. Both consensus and variation in the approach to AATR were identified using this survey study. This study may raise the awareness of various possible approaches toward AATR and should be used to further establish a standard protocol for the management of this injury.