• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.385-389
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• 2006

This study was carried out to determine the effect of raising seedling at Hallasan area of sub-alpine (altitude of 600m above sea level) to improve fruiting.ate of Squash (Cucurbita maxima) in retarding culture. 'Ebis' cultivar was seeded in plug tray of 32 cells and the seedlings were grown for 25 days. They were transplanted on August 26, 2004, following L-stem training method under rain-shielding condition. Seedling height, number of nodes and leaf area were higher in lowland than in sub-alpine area. T/R ratio of seedling in sub-alpine was much lower as compared with that in the lowland. The first fruiting was on the 19th node in sub-alpine area, and on the 26th node in the lowland area(control). The succeeding fruiting nodes were lower by 3 to 5 node than those of control. Fruiting rate of second flower was improved by 17.2% compared with the 1.4% in control. The marketable yield was increased by 27% by raising seedling in sub-alpine area (4,460 kg/10a). This also brought out 20% labour saving effect. The environmental condition for raising seedling in the sub-alpine area of Hallasan was effective for the improvement of Squash (Cucurbita maxima) fruiting rate compared with lowland area.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.549-556
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• 2011

We investigated the plant phenology on the threatened species for climate change in the summit area of Mt. Deogyusan which is a representative sub-alpine zone in Korea. We had performed the monitoring survey of plant phenology on 38 species including 20 trees and 18 herbs from May 2009 to November 2010. The investigated phenological charateristics were five dates for leafing, flowering, floral abscission, autumn leaf colors and leaf abscission on each plant species in sub-alpine region. The climate data were measured from November 2009 to December 2010. The range of temperature was from 30.4 to -$20.3^{\circ}C$ at Hyangjeokbong to Jungbong region, and the relative humidity was 100% to 3.4%. The leafing dates in 2010 were similar to 2009 or were 6-20 days delayed in most of the investigated species except Veratrum oxysepalum and Sanguisorba hakusanensis which showed 8 days earlier leafing dates in 2010. The biggest difference among phenological characters was found in flowering dates. The flowering dates of early Spring blooming species such as Heloniopsis koreana, Rhododendron yedoense for. poukhanense and Viola orientalis showed 13-20 days earlier in 2010, and the several summer flowering species as Viburnum opulus var. calvescens, Smilacina japonica and Bupleurum longeradiatum showed 6-10 days delay in 2010. The dates for floral abscission and autumn leaf colors in 2010 were delayed about 10-18 days, and leaf abscission dates were similar to 2009. The effects of climate change on the phenology for the threatened species in sub-alpine zones of Korea are occuring especially on flowering, floral abscission and autumn leaf colors.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.29-37
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• 2003

Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate the pesticide exposure status and acute pesticide poisoning symtoms among agricultural workers at Gangwon-do province alpine area. Alpine area was defined as the area higher than 400m. Methods: We analyzed 257 interviwed questionnaire about pesticide exposure, acute pesticide poisoning symptoms and other variables. Results: The result was shown that agricultural workers at alpine area used more pesticide than general agricultural workers for annual usage days(35.9 days vs 14.4 days), daily usage hours(6.7 hrs vs 2.8hrs, p<0.05). But there was no difference between general and alpine agricultural worker's herbicide exposure. Moreover, the alpine agricultural worker's acute pesticide poisoning symtom score was higher than general agricultural worker's. These difference was also found at result of regression analysis, under control the age, sex, monthly income. Most frequently suffered symptom was headache and dermatological problems. The symptom prevalence of dermatological problem, headache, general weakness, eye irritation, nausea were higher among alpine agricultural workers than general agricultural workers. Conclusions: As a result, agricultural workers at alpine area were more exposed to pesticide and suffered from pesticide poisoning symptoms. To prevent the symptoms and disease from pesticide exposure among agricultural workers at alpine area, more research and political effort will be needed.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.473-477
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• 2004

Wasabis (Wasabia japonica Matsum.) have been used as a spice with its petioles and rhizomes, but the production of its rhizomes in upland cultivation was very difficult for the severe damage of rotting disease during summer season. This experiment was carried out to increase the yield of marketable rhizome in wasabi when cultured in upland. Seedlings were raised in sub-alpine area for 7 and 12 months and then transplanted to experimental area on Sept. 20 and the yield was investigated on May 12 of the next year. The marketable rhizome(above 40g/plant) was produced in seedlings raised for 7 months. Production rate of marketable rhizome was 13.3% and total yield was 72.9 kg/10a. The content of allylisothiocyanate in rhizome of upland wasabi was 0.777 mg/g and its content was equal to wasabi cultured in water condition for 18 months. These results suggested that the upland cultivation of wasabi seedlings raised in sub-alpine area for 7 months was possible to product marketable rhizome.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.192-196
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• 2006

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.50 no.spc1
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• pp.51-55
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• 2005

The characters associated with the quality of rice and the factors involved in the production of high quality rice as the proper transplanting time was examined at Unbong the southern alpine area from 2002 to 2004. The rice cultivars tested were Samcheonbyeo (Early maturing one), Sangmibyeo (Sub-early maturing one). The number of spikelets were increased as earlier the transplanting date in all cultivar, The ripened grain rates were highest transplanted on May 21 for Samcheonbyeo, and May 1 for Sangmibyeo. The highest head rice yield was obtained when transplanted on May 21 and May 1 for Samcheonbyeo and Sangmibyeo, respectively. The optimum transplanting dates according to maturing types with respect to the yield of head rice, ripened grain rates and rice quality were May 21 for early maturing type and May 1 for sub-early maturing type.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.51 no.spc1
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• pp.30-34
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• 2006

The effect of N-fertilization on yield, milling characteristics and quality of Samcheonbyeo, an early maturing rice variety, was investigated in 2002 to 2004. The study was carried out in the southern alpine area of Un-bong Sub-Station, Honam Agricultural Research Institute. Higher nitrogen levels increased number of panicle and grain per unit area, but lowed ripening rate and decreased 1,000-grain weight. Higher nitrogen levels of up to 90 kg/ha also increased head rice yield. A nitrogen level of 90 kg/ha was found optimal for increasing ripening rate and head rice yield, and rice palatability.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.29-38
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• 2010

Oegogae wetland is sub-alpine wetland which is formed in piedmont area in Jirisan National Park. Apparently Oegogae wetland seems to be well-protected wetland. Most alpine wetlands are located in the summit area, but Oegogae wetland is located in piedmont area which is transitional zone between the steep slope and relatively flat valley bottom. Oegogae wetland is active in terms of sedimentation and exceeds 1m in depth. Penetration tests show that composing material is soft such as peat and organic-rich sediment. Basal rock of the basin is gneiss and gneissic schist in general, which is good for the formation of wetland because those rocks are easy to form low permeability layer. Baseflow from the wetland takes control of the most of stream flow during the wet season and this is especially true during the dry season. Precipitation during the wet season increases water content and base flow from the wetland.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.19-28
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to estimate carbon dioxide emissions from soil microbial respiration by forest type of Sobaeksan National Park. As a result of estimating the annual soil microbiological respiration volume by forest type in Sobaeksan National Park, broad-leaved forests, coniferous forest, artificial forests were similar to around 19.5 CO₂-ton/ha/yr. In the case of coniferous forests in sub-alpine and grassland near Birobong Peak, 12.2 CO₂-ton/ha/yr and 8.1 CO₂-ton/ha/yr, respectively, were lower than general forest areas. And as a result of analyzing the changes in soil microbiological respiration rate according to forest type in Sobaeksan National Park, the soil microbiological respiration rate in coniferous forests, broad-leaved forests, artificial forests, and sub-alpine areas was the highest in the July survey in summer and the lowest in November in late autumn. The change in soil microbial respiratory volume according to the measurement time in Sobaeksan National Park was the highest between 12:00 and 16:00, when the soil temperature was generally the highest among the days. It is known that the soil temperature is relatively low and the amount of soil microbial respiration decreases during winter, and the change in respiratory volume over the measurement time during the day was the smallest in November, when the amount of soil microbial respiration was relatively smaller than the May-September survey. However, this study has limitations in revealing the causal relationship of various environmental factors that affect the soil microbial respiration. Therefore, it is suggested that long-term research and investigation of various factors affecting soil respiration are needed to understand the carbon cycle of forest ecosystems.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.249-256
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• 2021

Napa cabbage (Brassica campestris var. Pekinensis) is the main material of Kimchi so that important crop in South Korea. There are two typical napa cabbage cropping systems in the alpine area. One is cultivating napa cabbage annually while another is cultivating napa cabbage and potato biennially. In this research, we evaluated soil physiochemical properties, yield, and mineral contents of napa cabbage depending on two cropping systems. As a result, organic matter, available P₂O₅, exchangeable K⁺ was decreased after six-years of cultivation on both cropping systems. However, soil pH was only decreased in a continuous napa cabbage cropping system. Soil porosity is also decreased in both cropping systems on topsoil while is increased in rotation with potato on subsoil. The rotation system showed a significantly higher yield with a higher value of leaf and napa cabbage size than the continuous cropping system. Total nitrogen, Ca²⁺, and Ma²⁺ were increased and total carbon and phosphate decreased in both cropping systems after six-years. Especially, total nitrogen and Mg²⁺ were significantly higher in the continuous system while Ca²⁺ was higher in the rotation system. In conclusion, the cropping system influences soil physiochemical properties and plant production in an agricultural field.