• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.63-71
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• 1992

The Ichthyofauna was investigated at the seven sites in Paikchon streams from August 1990 to March 1991. The collected fishes were classified to 22 species belong to 19 genera and 11 families, of which 5 species were tentatively identified as endemic species in Korea. Three species, Odontobutis obscurus interrupta, Luciogobius guttatus and Mactopodus chinensis, are collected for the first time in this area. Dominant species were Squalidus gracilis majimae(40.8%), Zacco temmincki(24.2%), Z. platypus(13.3%) and Cobitis koreensis pumilus(7.7%). Stomach contents of S. gracilis majimae were mainly taxa belong to Bacillariophyceae of micro-algee attached to sand or gravel.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.117-122
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• 2008

The feeding habits of Scorpaena neglecta were studied based on an examination of the stomach contents of 478 specimens collected between January and December 2006 in the Coastal Waters off Busan. The specimens ranged from 9.0 to 23.5 cm in Standard length (SL). S. neglecta is a piscivore and consumes mainly teleosts such as Acropoma japonicum, Coelorinchus multispinulosus, Chaeturichthys stigmatias. Its diet also includes crabs, shrimps, cephalopod and stomatopod. Smaller individuals (<16 cm SL) consume mainly crabs and shrimps. The proportion of these prey items (crabs and shrimps) decreases with increasing fish size, and this decrease parallels the increased consumption of fish. The mean prey size sharply increases between 12 and 20 cm SL of S. neglecta size.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.1315-1319
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• 2015

The fact that long-term use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) aggravates corpus atrophic gastritis in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection has been proven clinically and experimentally. Corpus atrophic gastritis is a known risk factor for gastric cancer. Therefore, gastric neoplasia might be associated with the long-term use of PPIs. One of the causes of worsening corpus atrophic gastritis, leading to the development of adenocarcinoma, might be bacterial overgrowth under conditions of hypochlorhydria. The production of potentially carcinogenic N-nitrosocompounds by nitrosating organisms under conditions of hypochlorhydria might be associated with carcinogenesis. Interactions between bile acids, pH, and H. pylori might also contribute to carcinogenicity, especially in patients with gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD). The concentration of soluble bile acids, which have bactericidal or chemorepellent properties toward H. pylori, in gastric contents is considerably higher in patients undergoing continuous PPI therapy than in healthy individuals with normal acid production. Under these circumstances, H. pylori might colonize the stomach body rather than the pyloric antrum. Hypergastrinemia induced by PPI administration might promote the development of gastric cancer. Because the main cause of corpus atrophic gastritis is H. pylori infection, and not PPI administration, H. pylori infection should be eradicated before starting long-term PPI therapy.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.982-987
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• 2015

During the study period, a total of 158 individuals of Synechogobius hasta were collected. The range of body length (BL) was 15.4-44.5 cm. The stomachs of 26.6% of the individuals were empty. The most abundant prey was shrimp. Among shrimp, Exopalaemon orientis was the most abundant species, being present in 27% in %IRI (index of relative importance). Fishes and crabs were also abundant prey. Analysis of ontogenetic changes, suggested that shrimp were the main prey of S. hasta of two size classes (<20 and 20-25 cm). The proportion of shrimp decreased, but that of fishes and crabs increased, with increasing body length, beginning at the 25-30 cm size class. In spring, fishes were the dominant prey, while shrimps, and crabs and fishes dominated in autumn and winter, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.284-289
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• 2011

The feeding habits of the blackthroat seaperch Doederleinia berycoides were studied using 650 specimens collected in the Southern Sea of Korea, from January to December, 2005. The size (standard length, SL) of the specimens ranged from 6.3 to 35.2 cm. D. berycoides is a piscivore that consumes mainly teleosts such as Engraulis japonicus, Acropoma japonicum, and Myctophum nitidulum. Of the fish species Engraulis japonicus was the preferred prey. D. berycoides also eats small quantities of shrimps, amphipods, euphausiids, mysids, and crabs. D. berycoides showed ontogenetic changes in its feeding habits. Smaller individuals (5-10 cm SL) fed mainly on shrimp. The proportion of shrimp decreased with increasing fish size, and this decrease paralleled the increased consumption of fish. Fish accounted for almost all of the stomach contents of individuals larger than 15 cm SL. Cluster analysis based on the percentage dry weight (%DW) identified two size groups: group A (<15 cm SL) consumed primarily shrimp and fish; and group B (15< cm SL) preyed exclusively on fish. There was little seasonal change in the diet of D. berycoides, but shrimp constituted 41.8% of the summer diet in %W.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.379-386
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• 2012

The feeding habits of the Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus were studied by analyzing the stomach contents of 423 specimens caught by coastal gill net in the coastal waters off Jumunjin, Gangwondo, Korea, from January to December, 2011. The size of Pacific cod ranged from 31.0 to 86.5cm in total length (TL). The proportion of empty stomachs was 25.1%. The main prey items were Macrura, Pisces, and Cephalopoda. In order of abundance, the most dominant species of Macrura, were Pandalus eous, Argis lar, and Neocrangon communis, and the most dominant species of Pisces, were Clupea pallasii, Actoscopus japonicus, and Glyptocephalus stelleri. Berryteuthis magister was the most dominant species of Cephalopoda. In terms of variation in feeding habits by growth, Macrura was the most important prey group for G. macrocephalus ranging in TL from 30- to 55 cm, but Pisces was the most important prey group for cod over 56 cm TL. Catch of G. macrocephalus was significantly positively correlated to catch of the three major Pisces prey species Clupea pallasii, Actoscopus japonicus and Glyptocephalus stelleri.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.78-84
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• 2011

We investigated the stomach contents of finless porpoises collected in the Yellow Sea. Prey organisms in the stomachs of 109 finless porpoises were identified as 11 species of fish, 8 species of shrimp and 4 species of cephalopod. Index of Relative Importance analysis revealed that the porpoises fed mainly on the Japanese sand shrimp (Crangon affinis). The energy density of the prey was estimated to be 5.46 kJ. The daily energy requirement was estimated to be 18,051 kJ/day for a porpoise with an average weight of 32.49 kg. The estimated annual consumption by finless porpoises in the Yellow Sea was 25,454 tons. The average commercial catch in the Yellow Sea by Korean fisheries was 135,913 tons from 2005 to 2009. Assuming that the abundance of finless porpoises is stable, porpoises ate approximately 18.7% of the commercial catch. The fishery catch may be influenced by the consumption by finless porpoises, while fishery bycatch is a cause of porpoise mortality in the Yellow Sea.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.19 no.2 s.33
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• pp.115-137
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• 2006

The Diagnosis and Treatment of Jaundice According to the Morbid Pulse in the Chapter 15 of Synopsis of Golden Chamber sets forth the classification, symptom, method of treatment, formula, prognosis of jaundice. The contents of this chapter can be induced by(from) yellowing and jaundice These two disease patterns assume various aspects of disease cause, pathomechanism, symptom, prognosis, and treatment. Jaundice was at first classified into liquor jaundice,dietary irregularly jaundice, black jaundicem abd sextual taxation jaundice, later classified into liquor jaundice, dietary irregularly jaundice, black jaundice, sextual tatation jaundice, and yellow sweat. the disease cause and pathomechanism of jaundice are said to be said to be due to the damp-heat, which is attacked with the evil of wind and dampness to affect the spleen-stomach and the liver. and to the inveterate drinking, damage by food, sextual taxation jaundice, sextual taxation, and vacuity taxation. This chapter mainly refers to jaundice as damp-heat, so that it lays down fundamental principles of clear heat and disinhibit dampness. In the prognosis of jaundice, ingibited urination shows symptoms of jaundice, and neither urination nor damp-heat develops symptoms of jaundice. and jaundice with thirst is difficult to cure, and that the symptoms of the abdominal fullness is also difficult to cure, while jaundice without thirst is ease to cure. Of the 18 days of suffering from jaundice, the symptoms of jaundice get better before and after 10 days. I think, however, that getting worse of its symptoms makes more meaningful clinically.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.77-90
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• 2020

Objectives : To determine the meaning of 'yi(噫)' from verses containing the character in 『Huangdineijing』. Methods : First, examples of the usage of 'yi(噫)' in Huangdineijing were collected and analyzed, followed by examples from the other books of the time when 『Huangdineijing』 was written. Finally the term 'ai' which surfaced in a later period than Huangdineijing to refer to eructation was examined. Results & Conclusions : Based on analysis of the usage of 'yi(噫)' in the 『Huangdineijing』, out of a total of 20 cases, 14 cases could be categorized as referring to eructation, 4 cases were difficult to categorize as eructation, and 2 cases were indeterminable. At the time of publication of 『Huangdineijing』, the character 'yi(噫)' was generally used to refer to eructation when used in a medical context, while in non-medical contexts it referred to sigh, or groan. The appearance of 'ai(噯)' is predicted to be during the Song period, but its appearance did not take away the meaning of eructation from 'yi(噫)' and both were used. Based on the change of meaning of 'yi(噫)', we can determine the approximate time when certain contents of the 『Huangdineijing』 were constructed. In the case of '心爲噫[Heart makes 'yi(噫)']', we can understand it as the pectoral qi leaking through the throat manifesting as a sigh in order to relieve stagnation of the excessiveness of the Heart. In cases of deficiency, when the Stomach function is weak, the body is likely to let out a sigh. The term meaning sighing which is 'taixi(大息)' was understood as symptomatic of problems of the Gallbladder as well as the Heart.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.10-17
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• 1999

Feeding Habits of Acanthogobius flavimanus collected from the eelgrass bed in Kwangyang Bay from January to December 1994 were studied. A. flavimanus was a carnivore which consumed mainly polychaetes, crabs, shrimps, gammarid amphipods and fishes. Its diets included small quantities of ophiuroids, gastropods, bivalves, caprellid amphipods, isopods and tanaids. It showed ontogenetic changes in feeding habits. Small individuals fed mainly on polychaetes and amphipods. While the consumption of polychaetes and amphipods decreased with increasing fish sin, the consumption of shrimps, crabs and fishes increased. A. flavimanus fed diverse prey organisms in adult stage. The relative proportion of the major prey items changed with season. Although the consumption of polychaetes, shrimps and gammarid amphipods was relatively high in spring and autumn, A. flavimanus fed various prey organisms in nearly equal proportions in the other seasons.