• 치과방사선
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.41-46
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• 1980

The mandibular canal must be considered carefully during the surgical treatment, especially surgical extraction of the impacted tooth and intraosseous implant, because it contains the important inferior alveolar nerve and vessels. The author investigated the curvature of the mandibular canal and its relation to the mandibular molars and positional realtion between the mental foramen and the mandibular premelors in orthopantomogram. The materials consisted of 441 orthopantomograms divided four groups; Group Ⅰ consisted of 56 males and 44 females from 1 to 6 years of age, Group Ⅱ consisted of 58 males and 45 females from 7 to 12 years of age, Group Ⅲ consisted of 65 males and 33 females from 13 to 18 years of age, Group Ⅳ consisted of 86 males and 54 females over 19 years of age. The results were as followings; 1. The curvature of mandibular canal was 144.50° in Group Ⅰ, 144. 29° in Group Ⅱ, 148.11° in Group Ⅲ, 147.33° in Group Ⅳ. 2. The curvature of mandibular canal was located most frequently on the area between mandibular 1st molar and mandibular 2nd molar in Group Ⅰ (42%) and on the mandibular 2nd molar area in Group Ⅱ (54%), Group Ⅲ (59%), Group Ⅳ (53%). 3. The position of mental foramen was most frequently below the mandibular 1st premolar in Group Ⅰ (58%), between the mandibular 1st premolar and the 2nd premolar in Group Ⅱ (62%), Group Ⅲ (47%), and below the mandibular 2nd premolar in Group Ⅳ (58%).

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.209-217
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• 2004

The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of applying times and dilution rates of cattle slurry on dry matter yields of orchard grass. Cattle slurry was applied at the rates of average mineral nitrogen fertilizer equivalent to 150 kg/ha/year in 3 cutting frequency. Significantly higher dry matter yields than that of no fertilization (3.04 ton DM/ha) were recorded in the application of diluted cattle slurry(5.38~6.25 ton DM/ha) (p<0.05). Especially, this tendency was shown with higher annual dry matter yields at the partitioned dressing times, such as at the applications for 1st and 2nd growth, 1st and 3rd growth, and 1st, 2nd and 3rd growth respectively. The yields of annual dry matter both at fertilizing phosphorus and potassium, and phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen were higher than no fertilization as 5.41 tons and 8.78 tons per ha respectively. However, with application of diluted cattle slurry, dry matter yield par year (5.84 ton DM/ha) was higher than those of fertilizing phosphorus and potassium. The efficiencies of dry matter production with mineral and cattle slurry nitrogen application (kg DM/kg N) were 225 and 15.8~18.7 kg DM/kg N respectively. Especially, these tendencies were higher in diluted application plots than in no-diluted application plots of cattle slurry.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.41-51
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• 2020

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of scapulothoracic exercise and thoracic mobilization on shoulder pain and function in individulas with shoulder partial- thickness rotator cuff tear. Methods : Forty-five subjects were recruited and randomly divided into 3 groups of 15 subjects each : Scapulothoracic exercise with Thoracic mobilization (STwTM), Scapulothoracic exercise (ST), and Thoracic mobilization (TM) groups. All subjects were assessed for pain and disability of shoulder, thoracic angle base on the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) and Thoracic kyphosis assessment (TKA) using Baseline Bubble Inclinometer. All groups performed 50 minutes of the intervention twice a week for a total of six weeks. These tests were evaluated Three times : prior to the start of the intervention, after three weeks and, after six weeks had passed. Results : The SPADI score showed that pain and dysfunction in the STwTM group decreased compared to those in the other two groups. The TKA score showed a decrease over time in the ST, TM, and STwTM groups, in increasing order. However, the TKA score decreased significantly in the STwTM group compared to that in the oher two groups. Conclusion : ST and TM are effective in improving pain and dysfunction in patients. However, STwTM may be more effective for patients.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.125-133
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• 2008

To evaluate the long-term prognosis of biliary atresia after Kasai operation, a total of 14 patients (of the 41 patients operated upon from 1982 to 1997), who had been followed up for more than 10 years, were included in this retrospective study. Eleven out of 14 patients survived with their native livers, and their data analyzed for age at operation, clearing time of jaundice, histological outcome, postoperative complications, effectiveness after the application of an intussusception anti-reflex valve, and quality of life. Average age at surgery was 62.8 days. Serum bilirubin was normalized within three months in all patients. Six among the eleven long-term survivors had ascending cholangitis as one of the postoperative complications. The application of an intussusception anti-reflux valve did not show any statistical significance in long-term survival. Most of long-term survivors appeared to enjoy good quality of life. Kasai operation might not be the definitive treatment for biliary atresia; however, Kasai operation made it possible to achieve long-term survival for patients with biliary atresia when the patients were detected and treated as early as possible.

• 대한자기공명의과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한자기공명의과학회 2002년도 제7차 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.89-89
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• 2002

Purpose： To report initial experience and evaluate feasibility of cervical carotid artery contrast-enhanced MR angiography (CEMRA) using whole body coil at 3.0T Method： Twenty-eight patients (14 male, ages 41-80, mean age 63) underwent CEMRA at the 3.0T using whole body coil and 3D-FSPGR (TR/TE 6.6/l.3 msec, FA 30, thickness 1.3mm), and thirty patients (17 male, ages 30-80, mean age 57) underwent CEMRA at the 1.5T using Helmholtz neck coil and 3D FLASH sequence (TR/TE 3.8/l.4msec, FA 35, thickness 1mm). At both 1.5 and 3.0T, a power injector (Spectris) injected 20m1 of gadolinium to the right or left antecubital vein at a rate of 3mL/s. All CEMRA cases were accepted by one neuroradiologiest. We measured the signal intensities at the bifurcation of common carotid artery (CCA), vertebral artery (V2) and two surrounding tissues (ST) and noise at the background in all patients, and also compared contras-to-noise ratios (CNR) of CCA/ST and V2/ST at 3.0 and 1.5T

• 약학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.41-52
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• 1971

Cu(II) chelates of several sulfanilamide derivatives (Sulfa-Cu) were prepared and their effects on solubility, absorptivity in intestinal lumen, biding tendency with serum protein and erythrocytes, concentration in rabbit blood, and acetylation rate were studied in comparison with their free ligand forms. For solubility concerned, the partition coefficients of Sulfa-Cu are decreased as following order: Sulfadimethoxine Copper chelate (SDM-Cu), Sulfamethoxypyridazine Copper chelate (SD-Cu), Sulfamerazine Copper chelate (SM-Cu), Sulfaisoxazole Copper chelate (SIX-Cu). The partition coefficients of SDM-Cu and ST-Cu were much greater than those of ligands. this phenomenone acounts for the rapid absorption of SDM-Cu and ST-Cu in the rat small intestine (in situ). The Sulfa-Cu were absorbed at the intestinal lumen of a rat in the rate of first order and there was no difference between long acting sulfa drugs and their Cu0chelates in biological half lives. In binding experiments, sulfa-Cu binded with serum protein in lower ratio than their ligands except SIX-Cu. On other hand, acetylation rates of sulfa-Cu were higher than those of free sulfa drugs and the acetylation rate were higher than those of free sulfa drugs and powder. In a experiment on Sulfa-Cu concentration in rabbit blood, the half lives of SD-Cu, SIX-cu, ST-Cu, and SM-Cu were longer than those of their ligands. Above all, the half life of SD-Cu appeared to be approximately 3.5 times logner than that of corresponding ligand, SD. When absorption of sulfa drugs or sulfa-Cu at the small intestinal lumen of a rat and the concentration in rabbit blood after absorption were compared, it was found that there was not always conrrelated.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.67-70
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• 2019

Septic arthritis is a serious medical condition that can lead to significant complications if misdiagnosed or mismanaged. A rare case of a 1st metatarso-phalangeal joint septic arthritis in a native joint is presented in a patient with no significant risk factors. A 41-year-old patient was referred by his general practitioner owing to ongoing pain and swelling over his native 1st metatarso-phalangeal joint with difficulty on weightbearing for three months. After a series of investigations, including blood tests and a foot magnetic resonance imaging, which were inconclusive, the patient was led to the operating theatre for sampling and washout of his joint. The samples taken in the theatres revealed septic arthritis with Streptococcus mitis as the causative microorganism. The patient was treated with six weeks of oral antibiotics with a good functional outcome. This case report illuminates this rare condition and makes foot and ankle surgeons aware of its existence. A high suspicion for this condition can prevent misdiagnosis and mismanagement.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2021

In electronic warfare, beamforming using multiple antennas is applied for effective transmission of electronic attack signals. In order to perform an electronic attack against multiple threats using the same frequency resource, it is necessary to apply a multi-beam transmission algorithm that has been studied in wireless communication systems. For electronic attacks against multiple threats, this paper presents an MMSE(Minimum Mean-Squared Error) beam-forming technique based on the prior location information of threats and an optimization method for power allocation. In addition, the performance of the proposed method is evaluated and received signals of multiple threats are compared and analyzed.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.350-359
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• 2023

The suboccipital triangle (ST) is a clinically relevant landmark in the posterior aspect of the neck and is used to locate and mobilize the horizontal segment of the third part of the vertebral artery before it enters the cranium. Unfortunately, this space is not always a viable option for vertebral artery exposition, and consequently a novel triangle, the inferior suboccipital triangle (IST) has been defined. This alternative triangle will allow surgeons to locate the artery more proximally, where its course is more predictable. The purpose of this study was to better define the anatomy of both triangles by measuring their borders and calculating their areas. Ethical clearance was obtained from the University of Pretoria (reference number: 222/2021) and both triangles were subsequently dissected out on both the left and right sides of 33 formalin-fixed human adult cadavers. The borders of each triangle were measured using a digital calliper and the areas were calculated using Herons Formula. The average area of the ST is 969.82±153.15 mm², while the average area of the IST is 307.48±41.31 mm². No statistically significant differences in the findings were observed between the sides of the body, ancestry, or sex of the cadavers. Measurement and analysis of these triangles provided important anatomical information and speak to their clinical relevance as surgical landmarks with which to locate the vertebral artery. Of particular importance here is the IST, which allows for mobilisation of this artery more proximally, should the ST be occluded.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.35-45
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• 2005

본 연구는 트롤 어획물의 종조성을 조사한 것으로 2004년 6월 24일부터 26일까지 우리나라 남해의 5개 조사 지점에서 저층 트롤 어구를 사용하여 시험조업이 이루어졌으며, 예망 속력은 3.4${\sim}$3.7k't 였다. 어획물은 어류가 2강 10목 37과 46종이었으며, 연골어류가 2목 2과 2종, 경골어류가 8목 35과 44종이었따. 어획된 어류중에서는 농어목 어류가 18과 24종으로 가장 많았다. 두족류는 1강 2목 3과 3종이 어획되었고, 살오징어목 오징어과의 화살꼴뚜기가 가장 많이 어획되었다. 갑각류는 1강 1목 5과 7종이 어획되었고, 십각목 가시발새우과의 가시발새우가 가장 많이 어획되었다. 각 조사지점에 있어서 어획마리수 및 생체량은 ST-1에서 44마리 376.0kg, ST-2에서 908마리 240.3kg, ST-3에서 666마리 90.1kg, ST-4에서 2,050마리 300.kkg 그리고 ST-5에서 561마리 24.7kg이었다. 조사지점의 종다양성지수는 1.49${\sim}$2.32, 종풍부도지수는 2.13${\sim}$3.48, 종균등도지수는 0.48${\sim}$0.77, 우점도지수는 0.43${\sim}$08의 범위였다. 주요 어종(3지점이상에서 어획되고, 개체수가 100마리 이상인 것)의 체장 범위는 전갱이 9${\sim}$32cm(가랑이체장), 살오징어 7${\sim}$24cm(외투장), 화살꼴뚜기 9${\sim}$43cm(외투장), 말쥐치 23${\sim}$36cm(전장), 황돔 10${\sim}$28cm(가랑이체장), 달고기 10${\sim}$36cm(전장), 참돔 8${\sim}$35cm(가랑이체장)로 나타났다.