• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.93-98
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• 2015

Recently, Stainless steels have been increasingly selected as the fitting or the valve materials of water pipes as the human health issue is getting higher and higher. Therefore, the connectors attached at pipes to deliver water are exposed to more severe environments than the pipes because crevice or galvanic corrosion is apt to occur at the fittings or the valves. Effects of the solid solution annealing, cooling rate after this heat treatment, and passivation on the corrosion properties of the shell mold casted SSC13 (STS304 alloy equivalent) were studied. The heating and quenching treatment more or less reduced hardness but effectively improved corrosion resistance. It was explained by the reduction of delta ferrite contents. Independent of heat treatment, the chemical passivation treatment also lowered corrosion rate but the improvement of corrosion resistance depended on temperature and time for passivation treatment indicating that the optimum conditions for passivation treatment were the bath temperature of $34^{\circ}C$ and operating time of 10 minutes. Therefore it is suggested that the corrosion resistance of SSC13 can be effectively improved with the heat treatment, where SSC13 is heated for 10 minutes at $1120^{\circ}C$ and quenched and passivation treatment, where SSC13 is passivated for at least 10 seconds at $34^{\circ}C$ nitric acid solution.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.1184-1191
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• 2011

We attempted to generate a linkage map using Illumina Porcine 60K SNP Beadchip genotypes of the $F_2$ offspring from Korean native pig (KNP) crossed with Yorkshire (YS) pig, and to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) using the line-cross model. Among the genotype information of the 62,136 SNPs obtained from the high-density SNP analysis, 45,308 SNPs were used to select informative markers with allelic frequencies >0.7 between the KNP (n = 16) and YS (n = 8) F0 animals. Of the selected SNP markers, a final set of 500 SNPs with polymorphic information contents (PIC) values of >0.300 in the $F_2$ groups (n = 252) was used for detection of thirty meat quality-related QTL on chromosomes at the 5% significance level and 10 QTL at the 1% significance level. The QTL for crude protein were detected on SSC2, SSC3, SSC6, SSC9 and SSC12; for intramuscular fat and marbling on SSC2, SSC8, SSC12, SSC14 and SSC18; meat color measurements on SSC1, SSC3, SSC4, SSC5, SSC6, SSC10, SSC11, SSC12, SSC16 and SSC18; water content related measurements in pork were detected on SSC4, SSC6, SSC7, SSC10, SSC12 and SSC14. Additional QTL of pork quality traits such as texture, tenderness and pH were detected on SSC6, SSC12, SSC13 and SSC16. The most important chromosomal region of superior pork quality in KNP compared to YS was identified on SSC12. Our results demonstrated that a QTL linkage map of the $F_2$ design in the pig breed can be generated with a selected data set of high density SNP genotypes. The QTL regions detected in this study will provide useful information for identifying genetic factors related to better pork quality in KNP.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1998년도 Proceedings of UNESCO-internetwork Cooperative Regional Seminar and Workshop on Bioassay Guided Isolation of Bioactive Substances from Natural Products and Microbial Products
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• pp.130-130
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• 1998

Two novel compounds SSC1 and SSC2 were isolated from culture broth produced from the strain of Stereum hirsutum by using of YM broth. They were isolated through HP-20 column chromatography, silica gel column chromatography and preparative HPLC, successively. The molecular formulas of SSC1 and SSC2. were determined as C$\sub$15/H$\sub$22/O$_3$ by high resolution EI -mass. The chemical structures of SSC1 and SSC2 were determined as sesquiterpenoid compounds by spectroscopic analysis of UV, IR, $^1$H NMR, $\^$13/C NMR, DEPT, HMQC and HMBC spectrum.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.39-47
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• 2021

Lempel-Ziv coding is one of the most famous source coding schemes. The output of this source coding is usually a non-uniform code, which requires additional source coding, such as arithmetic coding, to reduce a redundancy. However, this additional source code increases complexity and decoding latency. Thus, this paper proposes the optimal maximum a-posteriori (MAP) receiver for non-uniform source non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) with symmetric superposition coding (SSC). First, we derive an analytical expression of the bit-error rate (BER) for non-uniform source NOMA with SSC. Then, Monte Carlo simulations demonstrate that the BER of the optimal MAP receiver for the non-uniform source improves slightly, compared to that of the conventional receiver for the uniform source. Moreover, we also show that the BER of an approximate analytical expression is in a good agreement with the BER of Monte Carlo simulation. As a result, the proposed optimal MAP receiver for non-uniform source could be a promising scheme for NOMA with SSC, to reduce complexity and decoding latency due to additional source coding.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.48-54
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• 2021

In most existing researches on non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) with symmetric superposition coding (SSC), uniform sources have been usually considered. For the first part in this two-part paper, for the strongest channel gain user, we showed that the bit-error rate (BER) for the optimal maximum a-posteriori (MAP) receiver for the non-uniform source improves slightly, compared to that of the conventional receiver for the uniform sources. We demonstrate that in communication scenarios of the non-uniform source NOMA schemes, for the weakest channel gain user, the BER performance of the optimal MAP receiver for a non-uniform source improves greatly, compared to that of the conventional receiver for uniform sources. We first derive an analytical expression of the BER for non-uniform source NOMA with SSC. Then, simulations demonstrate that the BER of the optimal MAP receiver for the non-uniform source improves, compared with that of the conventional maximum likelihood (ML) receiver for the uniform sources. In result, the proposed optimal MAP receiver for the non-uniform source could be a promising scheme for SSC NOMA, with improved BER performances.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.109-113
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• 2015

In this study, the measurement of FN (ferrite volume fraction) and the solution annealing ratio at a temperature of $1130^{\circ}C$ were determined with 15A elbow fittings of shell cast SSC13, and the corrosion resistance with and without austenitizing solution annealing were investigated in comparison with AISI304. The delta ferrite phase was observed in the material due to the slow cooling effect of the shell mold casting. However, the delta ferrite phase decreased gradually with the solution annealing at a temperature of $1130^{\circ}C$. The hardness generally decreased with a heat treatment; however, its corrosion resistance was improved with the heat treatment. In addition, when a passivation treatment was applied, its corrosion ratio showed the lowest value. The pattern of general corrosion decreased due to the decrease in the delta ferrite phase with the solution annealing treatment. Consequently, it is suggested that the corrosion resistance of SSC13 elbow fittings can be improved by increasing the ratio of any solution annealing treatment used and by decreasing the ferrite phase. The relationship between the ratio of solution annealing and delta ferrite is expressed as follows: SA (solution annealing ratio,%) = 98 - FN (ferrite volume fraction, %).

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.406-413
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• 2020

멜론(Cucumis melo L.)의 코이어 배지 수경재배 시 고품질 과실을 생산하기 위한 적정 착과 절위, 적심 절위 및 수확 시기를 구명하고자 하였다. 코이어 배지 슬라브(100 × 20 × 10cm)에 3주를 정식하였다. 양액은 야마자키 멜론 표준액을 이용하였고, 급액 농도는 '초기-중기(과실 비대기)-후기'의 생육 단계별로 1.8-2.0-2.3dS·m^-1 공급하였다. 착과 및 적심 절위 실험은 '피엠알달고나'와 '얼스아이비' 2품종을 이용하였다. 착과 절위 실험은 8-10, 11-13 및 14-15 마디에 각각 3처리하였다. 적심 절위 실험은 18, 21 및 24 마디에 각각 3처리하였다. 과실 수확시기 실험은 '피엠알달고나'와 '얼스크라운' 2품종을 이용하여 착과 45일, 50일, 55일 및 60일 후로 4처리하였다. '피엠알달고나' 품종에서 11-13마디 이상 착과 시, 엽폭28.2cm, 엽면적은 10,845㎠로 가장 컸다. 줄기 길이는 '얼스아이비' 품종에서 11-13마디 착과 시 147.6cm로 가장 길었다. 과중은 '얼스아이비' 품종에서 11-13마디 착과시 2.0kg으로 가장 컸다. 과실의 가용성 고형물 함량(SSC)은 '피엠알달고나' 품종에서 8-10 마디 착과시 14.5°Brix, 24 마디 적심시 14.0°Brix로 각각 유의성 있게 가장 높았다. 착과 절위가 낮아질수록 SSC값이 증가하는 경향이 두 품종에서 동일하게 나타났다. '피엠알달고나'와 '얼스크라운' 2품종 모두 착과 55-60일 후 수확된 과실의 SSC 값과 과중이 가장 우수하였다. 종합적으로 검토하면 대부분 SSC값은 착과 절위가 낮아지고 적심 절위가 높아질수록 증가하고, 과중은 착과 절위가 높아질수록 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 착과 후 일수가 증가할수록 과실의 SSC값이 증가하였으며 다양한 품종에 대한 추가 연구가 더 필요하다고 생각되었다. 따라서 코이어 배지를 이용한 수경재배 시 멜론 품종 별로 특성을 잘 파악하여 착과 절위, 적심 절위 및 과실 수확시기를 설정하여야 한다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.669-676
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• 2007

This study was conducted to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting growth and body composition in an $F_2$ reference population of Korean native pig and Landrace crossbreds. The three-generation mapping population was generated with 411 progeny from 38 $F_2$ full-sib families, and 133 genetic markers were used to produce a sex-average map of the 18 autosomes. The data set was analyzed using least squares Mendelian and parent-of-origin interval-mapping models. Lack-of-fit tests between the models were used to characterize QTL for mode of expressions. A total of 8 (39) QTL were detected at the 5% genome (chromosome)-wise level for the 17 analyzed traits. Of the 47 QTL detected, 21 QTL were classified as Mendelian expressed, 13 QTL as paternally expressed, 6 QTL as maternally expressed, and 7 QTL as partially expressed. Of the detected QTL at 5% genome-wise level, two QTL had Mendelian mode of inheritance on SSC6 and SSC9 for backfat thickness and bone weight, respectively, two QTL were maternally expressed for leather weight and front leg weight on SSC6 and SSC12, respectively, one QTL was paternally expressed for birth weight on SSC4, and three QTL were partially expressed for hot carcass weight and rear leg weight on SSC6, and bone weight on SSC13. Many of the Mendelian QTL had a dominant (complete or overdominant) mode of gene action, and only a few of the QTL were primarily additive, which reflects that heterosis for growth is appreciable in a cross between Korean native pig and Landrace. Our results indicate that alternate breed alleles of growth and body composition QTL are segregating between the two breeds, which could be utilized for genetic improvement of growth via marker-assisted selection.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.40-43
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• 2007

We propose a taper-underlaid spot-size converter (TU-SSC) with an offset which consists of two vertically stacked taper layers. The designed TU-SSC reduces coupling loss of a high index-contrast waveguide with $1.5%{\Delta}$ to a single mode fiber from 1.5 dB to 0.27 dB. We also considered the effects of mask misalignment in the fabrication process of TU-SSC, and optimized the design of TU-SSC so that the additional loss of TU-SSC for the mask misalignment of $3{\mu}m$ in the photo-lithography process was as low as 0.13 dB.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.313-324
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• 2023

The vertical distribution of suspended sediments in the mangrove-mud coast is complicated due to the characterization of cohesive sediment properties, and the influence of hydrodynamic factors. In this study, the time-evolution of suspended sediment concentration (SSC) in water depth is simulated by a one-dimensional model. The model applies in-situ data measured in October 2014 at the outer station in Cu Lao Dung coastal areas, Soc Trang, Vietnam. In the model, parameters which have influence on vertical distribution of SSC include the settling velocity Ws and the diffusion coefficient Kz. The settling velocity depends on the cohesive sediment properties, and the diffusion coefficient depends on the wave-current dynamics. The settling velocity is determined by the settling column experiment in the laboratory, which is a constant of 1.8 × 10^-4 ms^-1. Two hydrodynamic conditions are simulated including a strong current condition and a strong wave condition. Both simulations show that the SSC near the bottom is much higher than ones at the surface due to higher turbulence at the bottom. At the bottom layer, the SSC is strongly influenced by the current.