• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.117-124
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• 2003

한국전통차로 알려진 녹차, 감잎, 홍화 및 두충 열수추출물이 납투여된 흰쥐의 유해 활성산소 대사에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 체중 kg당 25 mg의 납을 매주 1회 경구 투여 하였다. 녹차, 감잎, 홍화 및 두충 열수추출물은 매일 일정시간에 체중 kg당 1.26 g 수준이 되도록 4주간 경구 투여 하여 사육한 결과 간조직 중 과산화지질 함량은 납 단독투여군이 정상군에 비하여 유의적으로 증가되었으며 한국전통차 급여시 과산화지질 생성을 현저하게 억제하는 것으로 나타났다. 간조직 중의 CYP 함량과 AD 활성은 납 투여시 유의적으로 감소되었으나 각각의 열수추출물 급여시 납투여로 억제된 활성이 회복됨으로써 한국전통차 급여가 CYP 함량과 산화적 디메틸화율을 증가시키는 것으로 관찰되었다. 또한 납투여로 증가된 간조직의 XO와 SOD의 활성은 녹차, 감잎, 홍화 및 두충 열수추출물 급여시 활성이 유의적으로 억제되었다. MAO 활성은 납 투여시 정상군에 비하여 유의적이지는 않으나 증가되었으며 녹차와 감잎 열수추출물 급여로 활성 증가가 현저하게 억제되었다. 간조직 중 CAT 활성은 납투여시 약 3.3배 증가되었는데 감잎군 37%, 녹차군 34%, 두충군 30%, 홍화군 28%, 순으로 억제되는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 또한 GSH-Px와 GST 활성 및 글루타티온 함량은 정상군에 비하여 납 단독투여시 유의적인 감소를 보였으나 한국전통차 급여로 회복되었다. GR 활성은 실험군간에 변화가 관찰되지 않았으나 G6PD 활성은 납투여로 증가된 활성이 실험식이 급여시 유의적으로 감소되었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.774-781
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• 2012

본 연구는 고지방식이와 STZ으로 유도한 제2형 당뇨마우스에게 CA를 급여하였을 때 체내 당대사와 항산화방어계에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 하였다. 4주령 ICR 마우스를 고지방식이(전체 열량의 37% 지방)를 4주간 급여하여 인슐린저항성을 유발한 후 STZ(100 mg/kg body weight)을 일회복강주사 하였다. 7일 후 공복 시 혈당이 14 mmol/L(250 mg/dL)인 마우스만을 사용하여 난괴법으로 당뇨대조군, 0.02% CA군, 0.05% CA군으로 나누어 6주간 사육하였다. 실험 6주 동안 당뇨대조군에 비하여 두 CA 급여 수준은 혈당을 효과적으로 낮추었으며 내당능과 인슐린내성을 개선하였다. 또한 혈장 중의 렙틴 함량은 CA 급여 시 당뇨대조군에 비하여 높았으나 인슐린과 C-peptide 함량 및 체중에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. CA 급여는 당뇨대조군에 비하여 간조직의 GK활성을 높였고 G6Pase 활성은 낮춘 반면, PEPCK 활성에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. 간조직 중의 SOD와 CAT 활성은 CA급여군에서 당뇨대조군에 비하여 유의적으로 높았으나, GSH-Px 활성과 적혈구의 항산화 효소 활성은 실험군간 유의적인 변화가 없었다. 두 수준의 CA 급여는 간조직과 적혈구 중의 지질과산화물 함량을 당뇨대조군에 비하여 유의적으로 낮추었다. 이와 같이 CA는 간조직에서 당 이용을 높이는 반면, 당 신생을 억제함으로써 혈당저하에 효과적이었으며 항산화방어계를 활성화하여 지질과산화물 생성을 개선하는데 효과적인 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.177-196
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• 2006

Objective : This experimental study was designed to determine the effects of BPT on obesity in vivo and in vitro. Methods : in vitro, BPTn extracts of various concentration(50, 100, 200 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$) were added in 3T3-L1 cell. Adipocyte differentiation was measured by Oil Red O staining and Morphological examination. The expression of $C/EBP{\alpha}$ and $PPAR{\gamma}$ receptor was measured by western blot assay and RT-PCR in vivo, Rats were orally administered BPT daily for consecutive four weeks before poloxamer-407 induced hyperlipidemic state. The rats were sacrificed 24 hrs later for poloxamer-407 treated and then serum triglyceride, total cholesterol were measured ; Rats were orally administered BPT daily for consecutive four weeks before triton WR-1339 induced hyperlipidemic state. The rats were sacrificed 40 hrs later for triton WR-1339 treated and then serum triglyceride, total cholesterol were measured ; Rats with obesity were induced by the high fat-diet for six weeks and then serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, hydroxy radical, superoxide dismuatse activity were measured. Results : In vitro, The 3T3-L1 cells' differentiation was significantly decreased by BPT. The expression of $C/EBP{\alpha}$ and $C/EBP{\beta}$ was decreased by BPT. In vivo, BPT significantly reduced serum triglyceride, total cholesterol contents in poloxamer-407 treated rat. BPT significantly reduced serum triglyceride contents in Triton WR-1339 treated rat. Total cholesterol also reduced but did not show a significant change. BPT significantly reduced body weight gain of rat and adipose tissue mass of rats and serum triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol contents and significantly increased HDL-cholesterol, HTR(HDL-cholesterol/Total-cholesterol) in rats with obesity induced by the high fat-diet. BPT reduced blood lipid peroxide, hydroxy radical and increased superoxide dismuatse(SOD) activity.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.458-463
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• 2003

흰쥐에게 1% 콜레스테롤과 0.25% 콜산나트륨을 첨가한 고콜레스테롤혈증 유발 식이와 민들레잎 추출물을 분획별(열수추출물군, 에틸아세테이트추출물군, 에테르추출물군)로 나누어 급여하여 민들레 잎이 체내 항산화계에 미치는 영향을 구명하였다. 간조직 중의 cytochrome P-450 함량은 민들레 잎 분획별 추출물 급여에 의한 유의적인 변화가 관찰되지 않았으며, XO활성은 대조군에 비하여 굴들레잎 열수추출물 급여시 유의적으로 감소되었다. 간조직 중의 SOD활성은 대조군과 비교시 추출물 급여에 의하여 유의적으로 감소되었으나 분획 간의 차이는 나타나지 않은 반면 catalase활성은 민들레잎 추출물 급여에 의해 유의적으로 증가되었으며 에틸아세테리트추출물군은 에테르추출물군에 비하여 감소 정도가 유의적이었다. 간조직 중의 GSH-Px와 GST활성은 민들레 잎 추출물 급여시 대조군에 비하여 유의적인 증가를 나타내었으며 열수추출물군에서 특히 현저한 증가가 관찰되었다. GSH 함량은 추출물 급여에 따른 유의적인 차이는 관찰되지 않았으나 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 과산화지질 함량은 대조군에 비하여 민들레 잎 추출물 급여시 유의적으로 감소되었는데, 특히 열쑤추출물군의 감소효과가 현저한 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 고콜레스테를 혈증 유발 흰쥐에게 민들레잎 추출물 급여는 체내 항산화효소의 활성과 항산화제의 함량에 영향을 미쳐 체내 항산화능의 개선에 효과가 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.53-57
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of green tea catechin on mixed function oxidase system (MFO), lipofuscin contents, carbonyl value, oxidative damage and the antioxidative defense system in lung of microwave exposed rats. Experimental groups were divided to normal group and microwave exposed group. The microwave exposed groups were subdivided into three groups: catechin free diet (MW-0C) group, 0.25% catechin (MW-0.25C) group and 0.5 ％ catechin (MW-0.5C) group according to the levels of dietary catechin supplementation. The rats were irradiated with microwave at frequency of 2.45 GHz for 15 min. Experimental animals were sacrificed at 6th day after microwave irradiation. The contents of cytochrome P$_{450}$ contents in MW-0C group was increased to 95% , compared with normal group. MW-0.25C and MW-0.5C groups were reduced to 16% and 31%, respectively, compared with MW-0C group. The activity of NADPH-cytochrome P$_{450}$ reductase in MW-0C group was increased to 44%, compared with normal group. MW-0.25C and MW-0.5C groups were reduced to 12% and 17％, respectively, compared with MW-0C group. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in MW-0C group was decreased to 21 ％, compared with normal group. MW-0.25C and MW-0.5C group were significantly (p < 0.05) increased, compared with MW-0C group. The activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSHpx) in MW-0C group was significantly decreased, compared with normal group. MW-0.25C and MW-0.5C groups were recovered to the level of normal group. The thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) content in MW-0C group was increased to 34 ％, compared with normal group. Catechin supplementation groups were maintained the level of normal group. The levels of caybonyl value in MW-0C group was increased to 21 ％, compared with normal group. MW-0.25C and MW-0.5C groups were reduced to 14% and 12%, respectively, compared with MW-0C group. The lipofuscin contents in MW-0C group were increased to 23.4 ％, compared with normal group. That of MW-0.5C group was significantly reduced, compared with MW-0C group. In conclusion, MFO system was activated and the formation of oxidized protein, lipofuscin was increased and antioxidative defense system was weakened of lung tissue in microwave exposed rats, thus oxidative damage was increased. But it was rapidly recovered to normal level by green tea catechin supplementation.n.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.41-58
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• 2009

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Hyolbuchukeo-tang extracts on the hyperlipidemia rats induced by high fat diet. Methods and Materials: In vitro; The extracts prepared for Hyolbuchukeo-tang by hot water extraction (HH), fermentation(HF) and UMPM extraction(HU) method. The extracts were examined for levels of polyphenol compounds, antioxidant activities, and inhibitory potencies for HMG-CoA reductase. In vivo; Sprague-Dawley male rats of weighing $150{\pm}5g$ were randomly divided into six groups ; normal control diet(NC), and high fat diet(HC), high fat diet with treated lovastatin of 10mg/kg(PC), high fat diet with Hyolbuchukeo-tang extracts; HH, HF and HU treated extracts of 300mg/kg, respectively. Also, we compared the effects of the extracts of HH, HF and HU on rats fed high fat diet for four weeks. Results: 1. The content of polyphenol compounds and electron donating abilities(EDAs) was the HF higher than HH and HU. The superoxide dismutase(SOD)-like activities were proportionate in consistency and they appeared highly from all extracts. The HMG-CoA reductase inhibition activities was highest activities in the HU. 2. The activities of serum GOT and GPT were significantly lower in the HH and HF groups. The level of serum triglyceride was significantly decreased in the HF group. HH and HU groups were significantly decreased in the atherogenic index(AI). The total cholesterol concentration in liver was significantly decreased in the HF group, and HU showed more significantly decreased in the triglyceride than of the lovastatin. Also, photomicrographs of liver tissue showed higher fat accumulation in the HC group than in the HH, HF and HU groups. Conclusions: These result suggest that the hyper-lipidemia caused by a high fat diet was effectively inhibited the administration of HF and HU.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.135-139
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• 2006

본 논문은 도인(桃仁)(Persicae semen)의 화장품 약리활성으로 항산화 효과, tyrosinase 억제효과, 아질산염 소거능를 살펴보았다. 도인(桃仁)은 도인 전체, 껍질, 껍질을 제외한 알맹이로 각각 나누어 사용하였다. 도인(桃仁) 껍질 열수 추출물과 에탄올 추출물은 1,000 ppm에서 각각 89%, 87%이상의 전자 공여능을 나타내어 같은 농도의 BHA에 비해 높은 효과를 나타내었다. SOD 유사활성실험에서 10,000 ppm의 BHA가 89%, 도인(桃仁) 껍질 열수 추출물은 93%의 효과를 나타내었다. Xanthine oxidase 억제실험에서는 1,000 ppm의 BHA가 27%의 효과를 나타내었고, 도인(桃仁) 껍질 에탄올 추출물은 62%의 효과를 나타내었다. Tyrosinase 억제실험에서 도인(桃仁) 전체, 껍질, 알맹이 에탄올 추출물 10,000 ppm에서 모두 98%이상의 효과를 나타내었다. 1,000 ppm의 도인껍질 에탄올 추출물에서 96%의 아질산염 소거능을 나타내었다. 위와 같은 결과를 통해 도인(桃仁)의 화장품 천연소재로써 응용 가능함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.191-195
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• 2009

본 연구는 새송이 버섯을 첨가하여 만든 어묵이 체내 지질 대사와 효소 활성에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 수컷 Sprague-Dawley 흰쥐 30마리를 대상으로 고콜레스테롤(1%)첨가 기본식이, 30% 일반어묵 첨가 식이와 40% 새송이 버섯 첨가 오징어 어묵 식이를 급여하였다. 평균 식이 섭취량은 대조군, 일반 어묵군, 새송이 버섯 첨가 오징어 어묵군에 따른 각 군 간의 유의적인 차이는 볼 수 없었다. 체중 증가량과 식이효율은 대조군에 비해 실험군 모두 유의적으로 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 혈장 중성지질과 총 콜레스테롤, 동맥경화지수(A.I), GOT, GPT 수준은 대조군이 새송이 버섯 첨가 오징어 어묵군에 비해 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. HDL-콜레스테롤의 경우 새송이 버섯 첨가 오징어 어묵군이 대조군과 일반 어묵군보다 낮게 나타났고, 간조직의 콜레스테롤 및 중성 지방 농도는 유의적으로 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 혈장과 간조직 TBARS 수준은 대조군보다 새송이 버섯 첨가 오징어 어묵군에서 유의적으로 낮은 수치를 보였다. 항산화 효소 활성도에서 SOD활성도는 대조군과 일반 어묵과의 유의적인 차이가 없었으며, CAT활성도는 대조군보다 새송이 버섯 첨가 어묵이 유의적으로 높게 나타났으며. GPx활성도 역시 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. 이 결과들을 종합해 보면, 고콜레스테롤혈증 흰쥐에서의 새송이 버섯 첨가 오징어 어묵은 전반적인 지질대사 개선과 함께 SOD, CAT, GPx와 같은 항산화 효소의 활성을 증가시켜 항산화 방어계에도 긍정적인 효과를 나타냄으로써 앞으로 고콜레스테롤 혈증 예방 등의 혈관 순환기 계통 질병을 예방하기 위한 식품으로써의 활용이 기대된다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.386-396
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• 2005

The effects of spirulina-added salad dressing on lipid profiles and antioxidant biomarkers such as total glutathionine, TBARS value, carbonyl value, GPx, GR, SOD and paraoxonase activity in plasma or liver of mice were evaluated Sixteen male ICR mice weighing 20$\pm$2 g were divided into two groups and fed low fat ($5\%$ fat) diet (low fat control: LFC) and low fat control plus dressing diet (LFD) for eight weeks. Body weight, tissue weights of liver, heart and kidney, and the distribution of body fat deposition were not significantly different between two groups. Also, the profile of TG, TC, LDL and HDL cholesterol were similar between two groups. The DNA damage was determined using the comet assay (single cell gel assay) with alkaline electrophoresis and quantified by measuring tail length (TL). Spirulina salad dressing consumption resulted in significant decrease in lymphocyte DNA damage expressed by TL (LFC: $28.8{\mu}m$, LFD: $20.3{\mu}m$). Additionally, salad dressing consumption for 8 wks decreased the lipid peroxidation assayed by TBARS to $12.6\%$ compared with the control. The levels of antioxidant vitamins such as $\beta$-carotene were significantly higher in plasma of LFD group than those in LFC group based on HPLC method This study shows that spirulina-added salad dressing exerts degenerative disease-protective effects on oxidative DNA damage and lipid peroxidation possibly via a free radical levels.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2010년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.14-14
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• 2010

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is an essential component for collagen biosynthesis and also for the proper functioning of the cardiovascular system in humans. Unlike most of the animals, humans lack the ability to synthesize ascorbic acid on their own due to a mutation in the gene encoding the last enzyme of ascorbate biosynthesis. As a result, vitamin C must be obtained from dietary sources like plants. In this study, we have developed two different kinds of transgenic potato plants (Solanumtuberosum L. cv. Taedong Valley) overexpressing strawberry GalUR and mouse GLoase gene under the control of CaMV 35S promoter with increased ascorbic acid levels. Integration of the these genes in the plant genome was confirmed by PCR and Southern blotting. Ascorbic acid(AsA) levels in transgenic tubers were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). The over-expression of these genes resulted in 2-4 folds increase in AsA intransgenic potato and the levels of AsA were positively correlated with increased geneactivity. The transgenic lines with enhanced vitamin C content showed enhanced tolerance to abiotic stresses induced by methyl viologen(MV), NaCl or mannitol as compared to untransformed control plants. The leaf disc senescence assay showed better tolerance in transgenic lines by retaining higher chlorophyll as compared to the untransformed control plants. Present study demonstrated that the over-expression of these gene enhanced the level of AsA in potato tubers and these transgenics performed better under different abiotic stresses as compared to untransformed control. We have also investigated the mechanism of the abiotic stress tolerance upon enhancing the level of the ascorbate in transgenic potato. The transgenic potato plants overexpressing GalUR gene with enhanced accumulation of ascorbate were investigated to analyze the antioxidants activity of enzymes involved in the ascorbate-glutathione cycle and their tolerance mechanism against different abiotic stresses under invitro conditions. Transformed potato tubers subjected to various abiotic stresses induced by methyl viologen, sodium chloride and zinc chloride showed significant increase in the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD, EC 1.15.1.1), catalase, enzymes of ascorbate-glutathione cycle enzymes such as ascorbate peroxidase(APX, EC 1.11.1.11), dehydroascorbate reductase(DHAR, EC 1.8.5.1), and glutathione reductase(GR, EC 1.8.1.7) as well as the levels of ascorbate, GSH and proline when compared to the untransformed tubers. The increased enzyme activities correlated with their mRNA transcript accumulation in the stressed transgenic tubers. Pronounced differences in redox status were also observed in stressed transgenic potato tubers that showed more tolerance to abiotic stresses when compared to untransformed tubers. From the present study, it is evident that improved to lerance against abiotic stresses in transgenic tubers is due to the increased activity of enzymes involved in the antioxidant system together with enhanced ascorbate accumulated in transformed tubers when compared to untransformed tubers. At moment we also investigating the role of enhanced reduced glutathione level for the maintenance of the methylglyoxal level as it is evident that methylglyoxal is a potent cytotoxic compound produced under the abiotic stress and the maintenance of the methylglyoxal level is important to survive the plant under stress conditions.