• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 1990

In recent years, the construction of golf course has been increasing very rapidIy and serious concern is paid to its environmental consequences both in Korea and in Japan. EIA systems as a major requirements for golf course developments emerged to reduce the adverse impact of their developments in Korea as well as in Japan. This study aims to compare EIA systems, procedures and methodologies employed between Korea and Japan in order to demonstrate the success and failure of EIAs in each country. The results of this study can be summarized as follows : 1) EIAs are systematically undertaken based upon law in Korea but on regulation in Japan. 2) Public participation Isn't encouraged in the Korean EIA procedure while the Japan EIA system involves public participation. 3) Korean EISs shall be prepared after the proposed projects are approved according to the related laws and be followed by the necessary procedures, but in the carte of Japan, EISs be prepared prior to their approval . 4) ELSs shall be prepared by agencies with special expertise with respect to 7he environmental impacts (appointed by government) or the sponsoring agencies themselves in Korea whereas they be prepared by agencies proposing the projects in japan. 5) EISs both in Korea and in Japan are characterized by cliches which may be unfamiliar to reviews and the public. 6) EIAs describe the existing presence and predict and evaluate that a development work influences the present conditions. Here Japan EIA treats mainly natural - and life environment, whereas Korean EIA dose social - and economic environment. And hence in the case of Japan is undertaken more quantitative and scientific analysis, whereas in the case of Korea is less. It is suggested that the key point to impact analysis is to use the correct concepts, fomulate the comparative studies of methodologies and find the methods that suit the decision as well as which country's own circumstances.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.516-526
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• 2001

This study aims to reveal the capacity of impacts that the diffusion of networked computer in rural areas, or so-called rural telematics, has on regional development schemes. It is accomplished mainly by a case study of a small rural village near the city of Weonju, Korea, which has been recently designated as an information model village by the provincial government and given supports for information infrastructure. The case study shows that although the residents'computer use is confined to a very elementary level in every respect of using internet, e-mails, and visiting village portal site, there is high potential that extended use of networked computer would bring positive changes in life-styles and community formulation, and hence new possibilities of regional development. These positive moves will be possible by increasing economic, social and cultural benefits that the residents receive from using computer facilities. One of the important prerequisites is to transform external motivation to internal one and to lead the residents to a more active use of computers.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.34-50
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• 2024

Objectives: Transformation through a sustainable food system to provide healthy diets is essential for enhancing both human and planetary health. This study aimed to explain about sustainable diets and illustrate appropriate measurement of adherence to sustainable diets using a pre-existing index. Methods: For literature review, we used PubMed and Google Scholar databases by combining the search terms "development," "validation," "sustainable diet," "sustainable diet index," "planetary healthy diet," "EAT-Lancet diet," and "EAT-Lancet reference diet." For data presentation, we used data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2017-2018, among adults aged 20 years and older (n = 3,920). Sustainable Diet Index-US (SDI-US), comprising four sub-indices corresponding to four dimensions of sustainable diets (nutritional quality, environmental impacts, affordability, and sociocultural practices), was calculated using data from 24-hour dietary recall interview, food expenditures, and food choices. A higher SDI-US score indicated greater adherence to sustainable diets (range: 4-20). This study also presented SDI-US scores according to the sociodemographic status. All analyses accounted for a complex survey design. Results: Of 148 papers, 16 were reviewed. Adherence to sustainable diets fell into 3 categories: EAT-Lancet reference diet-based (n = 8), Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) definition-based (n = 4), and no specific guidelines but including the sustainability concept (n = 4). Importantly, FAO definition emphasizes on equal importance of four dimensions of diet (nutrition and health, economic, social and cultural, and environmental). The mean SDI-US score was 13 out of 20 points, and was higher in older, female, and highly educated adults than in their counterparts. Conclusions: This study highlighted that sustainable diets should be assessed using a multidimensional approach because of their complex nature. Currently, SDI can be a good option for operationalizing multidimensional sustainable diets. It is necessary to develop a Korean version of SDI through additional data collection, including environmental impact of food, food price, food budget, and use of ready-made products.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.105-109
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• 2024

This study analyzes the increasingly severe issue of recruiting military officer personnel due to low birth rates and social changes, and seeks to explore recruitment strategies that consider the characteristics of the MZ generation. The military strives to maintain security amidst ongoing military threats from North Korea, but the sharp decline in birth rates significantly impacts conscription resources and personnel recruitment. Additionally, the shift in values among the MZ generation and the cultural gap between them and the military organization make it challenging to attract outstanding talents. The MZ generation values work-life balance, horizontal relationships, and self-fulfillment, finding the authoritative and hierarchical military culture unattractive. Therefore, this study aims to diagnose the problems in military personnel recruitment and propose tailored recruitment strategies reflecting the characteristics of the MZ generation, ultimately exploring sustainable development directions for the future military.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.509-517
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• 2020

This study examined Sino-globalization through the network analysis of Chinese immigrants, international students, and travelers. The data were collected from the United Nations for immigrants, UNESCO for international students, and Ministry of Culture and Tourism of China for travelers. Consequently, Chinese immigrants and international students' favorite destinations were advanced Western countries, and Chinese travelers showed a high preference for Asian regions. Specifically, Thailand was the most popular destination for traveling, while the U.S. appeared to be the main destination for Chinese immigrants and students. The QAP analysis results showed a statistically significant correlation between the immigrant network and international student network. MR-QAP analysis found a causal relationship between the two networks. These findings may serve as empirical evidence for the Chinese government to review potential opportunities and problems related to Sino-globalization and provide the basis for preparing policy measures for other countries. Subsequent studies should compensate for research limitations by analyzing specific factors affecting national choice of Chinese immigrants, students, and travelers. The economic, social, and cultural impacts of China's globalization on other countries need to be discussed using qualitative research.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.4 no.1 s.7
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• pp.1-30
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• 2004

In this paper, I have attempted to show how the environmental controversy surrounding the Saemangeurn Reclamation Project in Korea has been framed as narrow scientific debates. First of all, science, or specifically the Expert Review Pane, has played dual roles in the controversy. On the one hand, it has contributed to illuminating the future environmental impacts of reclamation, by so doing, to providing a momentum to reconsider the project. This has significant meaning that environmental concerns successfully checked the symbolic national project of developmental era through adopting a joint-investigation scheme that guaranteed participation of environmental groups on an equal footing with the government. On the other hand, by limiting the scope and participants of discussion, it fundamentally blocked the possibilities of public debates and deliberative decision-making with full considerations of the political, social, and cultural aspects of the controversy. I have shown that this is due to the realist belief shared by both the developers and the environmentalists in Korea that 'proper' science would disclose the truth. Environmental groups, in particular, were naive in evaluating the role of scientific expertise in the controversy and neglected the political role of the Expert Review Pane as a ritual. In opposition to the realist argument, I have shown through the analysis of the water quality debates concerning the future fresh water lakes that scientific 'facts' were not discovered but constructed through complex negotiations, conflicts, and compromises among related actors. The framing of the controversy as an experts' debate has resulted in the exclusion of an important actor from the discussion. Little attention has been paid throughout the controversy to the very people who have lived in the Saemangeum area for generations and will lose their livelihood all together soon. About 20,000 fishermen are living on the Saemangeum tidal flats.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.125-146
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• 2020

With the penetration of the Internet and e-commerce, a 'crowdfunding' has emerged as a new way of financing. Crowdfunding has the advantage for a person to able to a simple way to finance her/his an innovative product or service from crowd. However, the success rate for crowdfunding projects is less than half. In this study, we introduce social exchange theory to explore the impact of trust and perceived psychological risk on the intention to participate in a crowdfunding website. Different from previous studies that have focused on a crowdfunding creator, we consider two different perspectives of a project creator and a project supporter. In addition, we compare perceptions of crowdfunding in different cultural contexts by conducting survey in two different countries Korea and Austria. Result shows that trust in recommendation and trust in website have different impacts on the intention to participate from two different perspectives. It also shows that perception of the quality and transparency of information provided by crowdfunding website has greater impact on trust in Korea than that in Austria. In case of perception of psychological risk, it has a negative impact on Austria's intention to create or support a project. On the other hand, it has relatively small impact on the intention to support and does not affect the intention to create a project in Korea.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.21-45
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to verify how the vocational education for training industrial workforce as a national human resource development (NHRD) system has undergone a transition process in relation to the national economic, industrial, and socio-cultural contexts. First, how vocational education as an industrial workforce training system has changed in accordance with Korea's economic environment, industrial development, and social changes; second, what are the main factors that influenced the role and importance of vocational education; and third, vocational education as a system for training industrial workforce and training workforce in science and engineering were analyzed differently from the perspective of the NHRD model. To this end, domestic and international academic journal papers, research reports, and thesis were investigated and classified by period, and major changes in vocational education were analyzed in relation to economic, industrial, and social issues and policies by period. As a result of the research, first, as the industry advanced, the level of vocational education increased and the scope expanded. Second, vocational education tended to shrink gradually after the manufacturing industry base, and especially secondary vocational education tended to decline after the national industry focused on light industry. Third, since the 1970s, the diversification of the NHRD and jobs has resulted in wage gaps depending on the level of education, which has increased the preference for university education and avoided secondary vocational education. In addition, a NHRD model focusing on training science and engineering workforce was proposed to compare the existing NHRD model focusing on overall vocational education, and it was revealed that the NHRD needs to be subdivided into various fields or levels to derive a model and examine changes. From the results of the study, vocational education in Korea, especially in secondary vocational education, has declined due to large impacts on socio-cultural perception due to economic growth, enthusiasm for education, and external shocks such as the financial crisis, and the long-term effort to change this perception is suggested to overcome the crisis of vocational education.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.119-135
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• 2014

This study is aimed at understanding the factors behind deciding to accept a social network service (SNS) from the viewpoint of tourists who are users of tourism SNS. The study also seeks to clarify the effects these deduced factors have on the intention of users to continuously use SNS. To this end, individual properties (such as self-efficacy, socio-cultural effects, social presence and people's innovativeness), systematic properties (like system quality and information quality)and usefulness/availability were used as factors with regard to the decision to accept tourism SNS based on previous studies and efforts were made to structurally clarify the effects of such previous factors on people's intention to continuously use SNS through perceived value and satisfaction. SNS had significant effects on satisfaction and, furthermore, significantly affected tourists' intention to continuously use it. Based on such study results, factors behind deciding to accept SNS from the viewpoint of tourists affected customers' perceived value and satisfaction and ultimately affected their intention to continuously use SNS. To achieve the purpose of the study, a survey was conducted on about 250 Busan residents who had used SNS in relation to tourist activities, such as exhibitions, conventions, accommodation, trips, aviation service and transportation. According to an empirical study, factors behind deciding to accept tourism SNS, including individual properties, systematic properties and usefulness/availability had statistically significant effects on perceived value. The usefulness/availability factor had the largest influence, in particular, followed by the systematic factor and individual factor. The value perceived in the process of using tourism SNS had significant effects on satisfaction and, furthermore, significantly affected tourists' intention to continuously use it. Based on such study results, factors behind deciding to accept SNS from the viewpoint of tourists affected customers' perceived value and satisfaction and ultimately affected their intention to continuously use SNS.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.93-112
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• 2014

As personal data breach reared up as a problem domestically and globally, organizations appointing chief privacy officers (CPOs) are increasing. Related Korean laws, 'Personal Data Protection Act' and 'the Act on Promotion of Information and Communication Network Utilization and Information Protection, etc.' require personal data processing organizations to appoint CPOs. Research on the characteristics and role of CPO is called for because of the importance of CPO being emphasized. There are many researches on top management's role and their impact on organizational performance using the Upper Echelon theory. This study investigates what influence the characteristics of CPO gives on the organizational privacy performance. CPO's definition varies depending on industry, organization size, required responsibility and power. This study defines CPO as 'a person who takes responsibility for all the duties on handling the organization's privacy,' This research assumes that CPO characteristics such as role, personality and background knowledge have an influence on the organizational privacy performance. This study applies the part relevant to the upper echelon's characteristics and performance of the executives (CEOs, CIOs etc.) for CPO. First, following Mintzberg and other managerial role classification, information, strategic, and diplomacy roles are defined as the role of CPO. Second, the "Big Five" taxonomy on individual's personality was suggested in 1990. Among these five personalities, extraversion and conscientiousness are drawn as the personality characteristics of CPO. Third, advance study suggests complex knowledge of technology, law and business is necessary for CPO. Technical, legal, and business background knowledge are drawn as the background knowledge of CPO. To test this model empirically, 120 samples of data collected from CPOs of domestic organizations are used. Factor analysis is carried out and convergent validity and discriminant validity were verified using SPSS and Smart PLS, and the causal relationships between the CPO's role, personality, background knowledge and the organizational privacy performance are analyzed as well. The result of the analysis shows that CPO's diplomacy role and strategic role have significant impacts on organizational privacy performance. This reveals that CPO's active communication with other organizations is needed. Differentiated privacy policy or strategy of organizations is also important. Legal background knowledge and technical background knowledge were also found to be significant determinants to organizational privacy performance. In addition, CPOs conscientiousness has a positive impact on organizational privacy performance. The practical implication of this study is as follows: First, the research can be a yardstick for judgment when companies select CPOs and vest authority in them. Second, not only companies but also CPOs can judge what ability they should concentrate on for development of their career relevant to their job through results of this research. Cultural social value, citizen's consensus on the right to privacy, expected CPO's role will change in process of time. In future study, long-term time-series analysis based research can reveal these changes and can also offer practical implications for government and private organization's policy making on information privacy.