• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.154-160
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• 2017

This study was conducted to find out an alternative way of rapid and accurate analysis of chemical composition of permanent pastures in hilly grazing area. Near reflectance infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to evaluate the potential for predicting proximate analysis of permanent pastures in a vegetative stage. 386 pasture samples obtained from hilly grazing area in 2015 and 2016 were scanned for their visible-NIR spectra from 400~2,400nm. 163 samples with different spectral characteristics were selected and analysed for moisture, crude protein (CP), crude ash (CA), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF). Multiple linear regression was used with wet analysis data and spectra for developing the calibration and validation mode1. Wavelength of 400 to 2500nm and near infrared range with different critical T outlier value 2.5 and 1.5 were used for developing the most suitable equation. The important index in this experiment was SEC and SEP. The $R^2$ value for moisture, CP, CA, CF, Ash, ADF, NDF in calibration set was 0.86, 0.94, 0.91, 0.88, 0.48 and 0.93, respectively. The value in validation set was 0.66, 0.86, 0.83, 0.71, 0.35 and 0.88, respectively. The results of this experiment indicate that NIRS is a reliable analytical method to assess forage quality for CP, CF, NDF except ADF and moisture in permanent pastures when proper samples incorporated into the equation development.

• 모자간호학회지
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.21-33
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• 1992

This study was done to investigate how importantly midwives thought of Lamaze Method of Childbirth, how satisfactorily they performed their Lamaze Method of Childbirth and what inhibited their activities from being performed if not done satisfactorily. The subjects of this study were 76midwives at midwifery in Pusan, Deagu, Kyungnam and Kyungbok. Data were collected by using questionaire from Sep. 1 to Sep.30, 1991. The measurement tools was maded by the researcher based on Kim's scale for prenatal nursing activities. The statistical analysis was done with based statistical values likes frequencies, means, standard deviations and advanced methods such as Pearson's correlation coefficient, 1-test, F-test, F-test by using SPSS package program. The results of this study can be summarized as follows ; 1. The results of Investigating perception according to importance degree and performance degree of Lamaze Method of Childbring showed that midwives were slightly below both perception according to importance(2.17) and performance(2.16) of Lamaze Method of Childbirth 2. Inhibiting factors of Lamaze Method of Childbirth were abscence of husband(3.08), lack of teaching room(2.71), and lack of books or literature of Lamaze Method (2.58). 3. There appears to be a positive relation between perception according to importance degree and performance degree of Lamaze Method of Childbirth (r=0.69, P<0.01). There appears to be a negative relation between perception according to importance degree and inhibit factors of performance (r=-0.38, P<0.01). There appears to be a negative relation between performance and inhibit factors of performance (r=-0.22. P<0.01). 4. The item of highest perception defree in prenatal education is 1st, Consultation about sexual life (2.53), End, illustration of the importance of a bath and perinal cleanliness and Avoidance of excessive respiration method and also its comfortable application during uterine contractility(2.45). The item of lowest perception degree is about pregnant symptom sign and predicted date of birth (E.D.C.). On the other hand, The item of highest performance degree is education about nurtrition during pregnacy. 2nd, Illustration of the Importance of a bath and perineal cleanness(2.45). The lowest one is leaching the pregnant woman and her family about the role of husband and her family and also teaching the couple to learn exercise and respiration method (1.84). Though importance perception degree and performance degree is low. Midwives who wert subject in this research shoves that they perform general items concerning prenatal education well. 5. In the relationship between perception according to importance degree of Lamaze Method of Childbirth and the general characteristics of subjects, the differences in mean number of visiting pregnacies for 1 month. 6. In the relationship between performance degree of Lamaze Method of Childbirth and the general characteristics of subjects, the differences in age, marriage, and mean number of visiting pregnancies for 1 month. With the above information we see the importance of midwife prenatal care education and high correlation between performance degree and perception degree. When Lamaze prenatal education is well performed the number of pregnant woman who have follow-up, check-ups increase. Therefore in this research we can validity that there is a relation between Lamaze prenatal education and patient follow-up. This research showes in a situation where if one does not maximally perform a prenatal education there is a possibility that the popular use of midwife activities may encounter obstacles so the education to save new knowledge and training for prenatal education is needed as a function of Lamaze prenatal education, when a special Lamaze education is well performed for the pregnant woman, who follows-up at amidwife clinic. With the above conclusion we can suggest : 1. Continued research which minimized obstacles to Lamaze prenatal education is needed. 2. The official method of midwives is necessary.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.499-503
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• 2003

A high performance liquid chromatography gradient elution method with fluorescence detection for the determination of biotin in pure form and pharmaceutical preparations has been developed. BrMDMC gives intense fluorescence and the fluorescence was monitored with excitation at 360 nm and emission at 410 nm. The calibration curve for biotin shows good linearity over the range of 5 ~ 400 ng with correlation coefficient of 0.999. The detection limit of biotin was 2 ng and the result of recovery was 98.75% with relative standard deviation of 1.1%.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.279-282
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• 2000

Simple and precise high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) assay was developed and validated for the determination of a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, $lovastatin^{TM}$ and its active metabolite (mevinolinic acid) in human plasma. The method involved solid phase extraction of mevinolinic acid and internal standard using Sep-Pak Cartridge. Samples were analyzed by reversed-phase HPLC using $Capcell-Pak\;C_{18}$ column with ultraviolet detection at 238 nm. The quantitation limit of mevinolinic acid was 2 ng/ml and the calibration curve was linear over the range of 2-50 ng/ml $(r^2>0.999)$ with human plasma. The analyses of quality control samples indicated that the normal values could be predicted with an accuracy >97%. The intra- and inter-day coefficients of variation for the analyses were <10%. The average recoveries were similar (79%) for mevinolinic acid and methylmevinolinic acid. The method described has been successfully applied to the quantification of mevinolinic acid in about 1,000 human plasma samples over six-month period.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.239-253
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• 2002

Health care for women regularly focuses on the reproductive system to the exclusion of other health needs. The lack of research focusing on women's common health issues is a major problem to the enhanced optimal level of women's health. Health care providers have to recognize biological and social differences between men and women. This study was conducted to identify the baseline data and their correlation of health perception, health behavior, and health status of adult women for developing nursing intervention. The study was a descriptive correlational design. A convenient sampling method was used for collecting data from 103 adult women, over 18 years of age, during the period from Sep 1 to Nov 30, 2001. The study's subjects were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. The instruments for this study were the health perception scale modified by Lee(1985) based on the tool developed by Ware(1977) and Jenkins (1966), and the health behavior scale by Ko, Kumja(1987). Health status was measured by the short form Cornell Medical Index(CMI) modified by Nam, Hochang(1965). The data were analyzed SPSS PC+, by frequency, mean, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficients. Also, the Duncan test was utilized for a post hoc test of ANOVA. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The mean score for health perception was 3.02(S.D=0.39) on a 5 point scale. 2. The mean score for health behavior was 3.08(S.D=0.43) on a 5 point scale. 3. The mean score for health status was 18.54 on 58 items. The mean score for physical symptoms of a subscale of health status was 11.30 on 36 items and the mean score for psychological symptoms was 7.37 on 22 items. 4. The relationship of sociodemographic variables to health perception. health behavior, and health status of women.: 1) There were significant differences in the scores of health perception by disease experience(t=-3.37, p=0.00). 2) There were significant differences in the scores of health behavior by age(F=10.52, p=0.00), height(F=4.73, p=0.01), marital status(t=-5.56, p=0.00), educational background(t=2.90, p=0.00), and drinking or non-drinking(t=2.17, p=0.03). 3) There were significant differences in the scores of health status by educational background(t=2.28, p=0.02) and disease experience(t=2.61, p=0.01). 5. Health perception showed significant positive correlation with health behavior(r=0.39, p=0.00). Health perception showed significant negative correlation with health status(r=-0.44, p=0.00), that is, the more women perceived health, the less she complained about unhealthy symptoms. Health behavior had no significant correlation with health status but showed a positive correlation with psychological symptoms of a subscale of health status(r=-0.19, p=0.05). Many of the leading causes of disease are preventable through changes in health perception and behavior. The need to increase individual awareness of relationships among health perception, health behavior, and health status and to enhance knowledge regarding the long-term effects of positive health behaviors, is an important nursing strategy for women's health promotion.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.764-768
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• 2001

Physiological effects of Korean black soybean pigment were investigated. Major anthocyanin pigments of Korean black soybean were extracted with 1% HCl for 24 hours at $4^{\circ}C$. Inhibitory effects of angiotensin converting enzyme ($IC_{50}$) were 0.22 mg/mL (Kumjungkong #1), 0.28 mg/mL (Ilpumkumjungkong) and 0.38 mg/mL (Milyang #95). Inhibitory effects xanthine oxidase ($IC_{50}$) were 0.118 mg/mL (Kumjungkong #1), 0.165 mg/mL (Ilpumkumjungkong) and 0.163 mg/mL (Milyang #95). The cPLA2 inhibitory effects ($IC_{50}$) were $19.7\;{\mu}g/mL$, $10.7\;{\mu}g/mL$ and $25.3\;{\mu}g/mL$. The cytotoxic effects of anthocyanins from Milyang #95 were 66.0% against human colon cell line (HT29), 58.2% against human liver cell line (HepG2) and 64.4% against mouse liver cell line (Hepa), respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.16-23
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• 2009

The porous pellets were prepared from porphyry by slurry foaming method. The effect of sintering temperatures on pore structure of porous porphyry pellets with different extension ratio ($E_R$) was investigated by specific surface area, water absorption and porosity, which changed with sintering temperatures. When the sintering temperatures increased from $975^{\circ}C$ to $1075^{\circ}C$, specific surface area and water absorption of the all samples decreased. In case of the sample with an equal sintering temperature, $E_R=3.0$ pellets had little influence on pore structure compared to the $E_R=2.0$ pellets. As a results, it was shown by SEM that facilitated formation of micro pores at $E_R=2.0$ pellets shrunk increasingly after sintering process. At $E_R=3.0$ and sintering temperature at $1025^{\circ}C$, optimum conditions of the porous porphyry porous pellets was found. Also, Escherichia coli removal efficiency of the silver-containing porphoyry porous pellets was measured for the feasibility as a antibacterial media. The antibacterial activity of prepared silver-containing sample was maintained above 90% for 40 days.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.297-304
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• 1987

A study was carried out to find out the relationship between arginine vasopressin (AVP) release and plasma osmolality in 15 young men (age: 21.4 yr). After an overnight fasting, wale. (20 ml/kg) was imbibed, and venous blood and urine samples were collected every 30 min for 90 min. then 5% saline was infused (0.06 ml/min/kg) for 120 min. AVP was extracted on Sep-Pak column and measured by radioimmunoassay. Under basal condition, plasma osmolality (pOsm), AVP (pAVP) and aldosterone (pAldo) levels were 286.5 mOsm/kg, 1.1 pg/ml, and 140 pg/ml, respectively. pAVP became undetectable during maximum water diuresis, and increased in response to hypertonic saline infusion. pAVP level began to increase when pOsm was above 280 mOsm/kg. Changes in urinary AVP excretion (uAVP) was parallel to pAVP levels. The fall in pAVP was followed by a decrease in uAVP, uOsm and an increase in free water clearance, while the later rise in pAVP was followed by an increase in uAVP, uOsm and a decrease in free water clearance. When pooling all data together, relationships between pAVP and pOsm, and uAVP and uOsm were best expressed by an exponential relationship (r=0.78, 0.86, respectively). pAldo level decreased to 71 pg/ml after water ingestion, and decreased further to 30 pg/ml 2 hr after 5% saline infusion. Even at the same pNa, pAldo level during dehydration state was significantly higher than during hydration state. Negative exponential relation (r=-0.59) was observed between pAldo and pNa. Response to change in body fluid volume was greater in aldosterone than in AVP release.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.164-180
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• 1991

For the purpose of contributing to the promotion of health of the employees working at the same kind of department store or similar type of business and the people utilizing them and preparing the basic data for the establishment of mangagement measure by assessing the level of air pollusion at indoor and outodoor of four department store among the distribution service business in Pusan area, authors measured the concentration of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, formaldehyde and total suspanded particle according to the measuring height of variable at indoor and outodoor from Aug. 1990. to sep. an. d Jan, 1991 to Feb.: for each two months in summer and winter, and studied by dividing the variable factor into atmospheric factor (temperature, humidity and air velociy) The results are as follows ; 1. The mean concentration of air pollutants at indoor to total subjects was nitrogen dioxide 31.1ppb, sulfur dioxide 51.7ppb, formaldehyde 162.lppb and total suspanded particle $67.7{\mu}g/m^3$, and it was higher in winter than in summer (P>0.05) 2. The mean concentration of formaldehyde to total subjects was higher indoors than outdoors (P<0.001), in case of nitrogen dioxide there was no significant difference and sulfur dioxide and total suspanded particle were higher outdoors than indoors (P<0.05) 3. The concentration of nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide proved to be a adverse correlation, reducing with height. 4. According to the result questioned about the exposure concentration of pollutant and the general symptom caused by the pollutant, nitorgen dioxide and symptom proved to be a positive correlation (P<0.09).

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.38-45
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• 2023

In this study, the removal efficiency of road sweeping and sand filter facility for removing total suspended solid (TSS) as nonpoint source pollution from expressway was evaluated for the last 10 years (2012~2021) using ROADMOD. ROADMOD is a screening level model and was calibrated for runoff rate and TSS loading both at the inlet, which is the loading from the drainage area, and the outlet, from the sand filter facility. The drainage area is 715 m² and the dimensions of sand filter facility are 1.5 m (wide) × 3.8 m (length) × 1.5 m (depth). The monitoring period for model calibration was the rainfall event during Aug. 31~Sep. 1, 2021 and the amount of rainfall was 74.5 mm. As a result of calibration, the determination coefficients (R²) of the flow rate were 0.66 and 0.86, for the inlet and outlet, respectively, and those of TSS loading were 0.50 and 0.84, for the inlet and outlet, respectively. Considering that ROADMOD is a screening level model, the calibration results were reasonable to evaluate the best management practices (BMPs) on the expressway. Using ROADMOD simulation results for 2012~2021, the average yearly runoff rate from the expressway was 82% and removal efficiency was 9% for road sweeping, 35% for sand filter facility, and 39% for both road sweeping and sand filter facility.