• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.726-741
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to provide instructive theoretical models for art (music) education institutions especially when unpredictable risks, such as pandemics, occur again. Based on the customer behavior theory of the business-to-business-to-customer (B2B2C) platform, and in combination with the technology acceptance model (TAM) and expectation confirmation model (ECM), this study proposes an online education model from the perspective of art education. The framework is based on the three decision-making processes of the customer, and includes the product owner, content owner, and customer area. This paper highlights the factors that influence customers in making decisions when art education institutions are product owners. Regression analysis was introduced to study the factors influencing the expectation confirmation, and the overall fitting testing and six hypotheses testing of 385 effective samples were performed using the structural equation modeling (SEM). The results show that the course-design and after-service positively influenced the expectation confirmation, and the domain image positively influenced the continuance behavior. Negative emotions skipped the mediator (expectation confirmation) and directly exerted a significant negative impact on customers' willingness to continue system usage (continuance behavior). In addition, expectation confirmation positively influenced continuance behavior. The paths of detailed items comprising course-design, after-service, and negative emotion were also analyzed and discussed. In this path analysis, ordinary art learners did not believe that AI partners can play a very good auxiliary role. The findings contribute to the scope of information systems acting as an art education platform academically, and provide effective and theoretical support for the actual operation of art education institutions.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.207-212
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• 2022

Background: The public now imposes higher demands on the government than in the past, which has created the role overload faced by low-ranking government employees in China. This research investigates the relationship between role overload and health among low-ranking government employees and explores the mediating effects of burnout. Methods: It draws on a survey of 2064 low-ranking government employees by probability proportionate to size sampling in China's Shandong Province. Structural equation modeling (SEM) methods are used to analyze the data. Results: Both role overload and burnout were found to have negative effects on low-ranking government employees' health; however, the associations varied among the three age groups (less than 36, between 36 and 45, and over 45). Those over 45 reported the highest level of both physical and psychological health, while the youngest age group (less than 36) reported the lowest level of health. Role overload has a direct influence on health among government employees over 45 but not among those below 45. Burnout's mediating effects between role overload and health are significant among all age groups, but most significant among the youngest civil servants below 36. Conclusions: The findings evidenced that both role overload and burnout affect low-ranking government employees' self-reported physical and psychological health. In addition, the effect of age differences in coping with role stressors and burnout should be considered.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.77-88
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• 2022

In response to the significant COVID-19 outbreak, countries have enforced the use of E-learning systems as an alternative to traditional learning; to contain the virus and minimize the infection rate while maintaining the continuity of the learning experience. However, the effective adoption of E-learning systems requires a well-understanding of critical factors, especially in times of crisis. In this regard, this study intends to assess the success of the E-learning system adoption by Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) during the crisis of COVID-19 by utilizing the Information Systems Success (ISS) model. This study's adopted model consists of nine interdependent dimensions, namely: Technical System Quality, Information Quality, Service Quality, Learner Quality, Perceived Satisfaction, Perceived Usefulness, System Use, Intention to Use, and System Success. An electronic survey was distributed among higher education students from different universities in Saudi Arabia to explore each model's dimension. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) has been applied via SmartPLS software to test the causal relationships between dimensions. This study's main results revealed that students' Service Quality, Learner Quality, and the Intention to Use by students are essential drives for E-learning System Use during the Covid-19 pandemic. Meanwhile, the Intention to Use the system is significantly influenced by Perceived Satisfaction and Perceived Usefulness dimensions. Further, Perceived Satisfaction, Perceived Usefulness, and System Use are interdependent, and all three have a significant positive impact on E-learning System Success.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.89-109
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• 2022

Many companies are trying to enter into overseas markets to overcome the limited size of domestic markets. However, there are many barriers to enter the overseas markets such as difficulty to find buyers and make contract with them, payment risks, unfriendly foreign policies, and etc. Companies have used to various strategies to get opportunities of overseas markets. One of them is UN public procurement. Despite many advantages, limited number of companies are participating in the procurement. Individual governments are providing policies to support local companies to participate in the UN public procurement. However it is not easy to encourage firms, especially SMEs to participate in the procurement. This study is designed to analyze firm and product determinants of participating in UN public procurement. Based on literature reviews and empirical findings, this study shows social responsibility and global orientation can play an important role regarding the participation. In addition, the positive relationship between UN public procurement participation and sustainability in a given firm could be empirically supported. Last, we suggest combining country- and industry-level data to investigate UN public procurement participation as an interesting topic for future research. This study represents various determinants to encourage UN public procurement participation. They may contribute to enhance firm performance such as sustainability.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.464-480
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• 2022

With the steady development of Artificial Intelligence (AI), online stores are adopting chatbot services as virtual shopping assistants. This study proposes the concept of para-social presence to explore the undiscovered role of fashion chatbots' emotional and relational characteristics on service acceptance. Based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), this study investigates the effect of a chatbot's para-social presence on service acceptance intention through consumers' beliefs. The web-based experiment was conducted on adult consumers who experienced chatbot services in an online shopping situation. A total of 247 responses were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modeling, and multi-group SEM by AMOS 21.0 and SPSS 23.0. The findings illustrate that the chatbot's intimacy positively influenced consumers' perceived enjoyment, while the chatbot's understanding had a significant effect on perceived usefulness and ease of use. The chatbot's involvement had a positive effect on all consumer beliefs. Moreover, perceived ease of use had a positive influence on usefulness. A greater level of perceived usefulness and enjoyment positively heightened consumers' service acceptance intention. This study also verifies the moderating role of a need for human interaction. Consumers with a high need for human interaction have a relatively low tendency to perceive chatbot services as useful.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.744-755
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• 2022

This study sought to verify the shopping values that tourists pursue by purchasing at travel destinations based on tourists' motivation and identify the effects of these values on the types of fashion items preferred by tourists. Furthermore, this study verified the tourist shopping behavior of three Asian countries-Korea, China, and Japan-from a cross-cultural perspective. To obtain a sample that represents tourist shoppers in each country, a survey was conducted on adult men and women in their 20s to 60s, and 986 subjects were collected: 300 Koreans, 385 Chinese, and 301 Japanese. Factor analysis, structural equation modeling, and multigroup SEM were performed on the collected data using SPSS Statistics and AMOS. Based on escaping-seeking theory, tourist intentions were divided into escaping and seeking motivations, and tourist shopping values were divided into functional, emotional, and social. The shopping items were divided into materials and experiential goods to understand the difference between the types preferred by tourists according to the perceived value. In addition, differences in tourist shopping behaviors according to the three nationalities were identified. The findings illustrate that the escaping motive affects emotional and social values, whereas the seeking motive affects all three. Moreover, it was confirmed that functional and emotional values affect preference for material and experiential goods, but social value only affects preference for material goods. For the cross-cultural study, differences in tourist shopping behavior according to nationality were identified.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.77-100
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• 2023

Purpose - Using the Model of Goal-Directed Behavior (MGB), this study identifies the critical factors that influence consumer intention to purchase an electric vehicle (EV). This study also provides differentiated policy implications to the Korean and Chinese governments and EV-related companies for the expansion of the EV market in both countries by comparing consumers' perceptions of EV purchase intentions. Design/methodology - Our extended MGB model adds to the standard model consideration of financial incentives, perceived risks, and environmental concerns. An online survey was conducted of Korean and Chinese consumers. Based on the collected responses, all tested hypotheses were verified using PLS-SEM (Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling). Differences in the path analysis results between Korea and China were compared and verified using Henseler's MGA (multi-group analysis), the parametric test, and the Welch-Satterthwaite test. Findings - The most critical factor that influences the intent to purchase an EV in consumers from both countries is personal desire. PBC and SN were identified as the critical factors that respectively increase personal desire in Korea and China. In addition, in Korea, among the three factors EC, FIP, and PR, environmental concerns were found to have the most significant impact on attitudes and purchase intention. In contrast, in China, economic factors (specifically financial incentives) had greater importance than environmental issues. Originality/value - This study has academic contributions in that it presents a new research model that includes financial incentive policies, environmental concerns, and perceived risk variables based on the MGB to explore consumers' purchase intentions. This study can also make a practical contribution in that it provides some meaningful implications to the governments and EV-related companies of both countries based on the differences in the analysis results of the Korean and Chinese markets.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.59-63
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• 2020

최근 세계경제의 중장기적 본 연구는 창업가의 유아기·청소년기를 거쳐 생애 전 과정에 영향을 미치는 부모, 동료, 지도자를 주요 타자로 선정하여 이러한 사람들과의 애착이 창업가의 회복탄력성에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 실증적 분석을 통하여 알아보고자 하였다. 구체적으로 제시하자면 이 연구의 목적은 다음의 세 가지로 요약된다. 첫째, 우리나라 창업가들이 가지는 부모, 친구, 지도자와의 애착에 대해 파악한다. 둘째, 세 분류의 집단과의 애착이 각각 창업가의 회복탄력성에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 확인한다. 셋째, 애착을 형성한 이들 세 집단 중 창업가의 심리적 요인에 가장 긍정정인 영향을 미치는지 파악하여 심리적 대인관계를 통한 창업가의 과정에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 대하여 실증분석을 실시하였다. 또한 이 과정에서 기업가적 회복탄력성이 미치는 조절 효과를 함께 고찰해보고자 한다. 이를 위해 창업을 한지 2년 이상이 된 창업자를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 수집된 자료의 분석을 위해, SPSS 19.0 프로그램을 사용하여 변인들간의 상관분석과 t 검정을 실시하였으며, AMOS 18.0 프로그램을 사용하여 구조방정식 모형(Structural Equation Modeling; SEM)을 분석하였다. 본 연구는 창업가에 중요한 영향을 미치는 대상으로서 부모, 동료 및 지도자와의 애착 정도가 창업가의 회복탄력성에 미치는 영향력을 하나의 모형에서 동시에 살펴봄으로써, 회복탄력성을 높이기 위해서는 창업가의 부모와의 관계, 동료와의 관계 그리고 지도자와의 관계를 긍정적으로 형성하고 유지하는 것이 중요함을 확인하였다. 또한, 부애착이 창업가의 회복탄력성에 모해착과 동료애착에 비해 상대적으로 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 발견된 본 연구 결과는 아버지 역할을 강조하는 최근의 경향을 반영하는 것으로, 창업가의 회복탄력성과 관련한 아버지의 역항의 중요성을 시사한다. 본 연구 결과는 창업가의 회복탄력성을 높이기 위한 다양한 중재적 노력에 기여할 수 있는 기초 정보를 제공할 수 있을 것이다. 또한, 창업가의 회복탄력성을 높이기 위한 아버지와의 애착 프로그램과 동료 및 지도자와의 관계 향상 프로그램의 기초자료로써 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.433-441
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• 2022

This study not only examines the intermediating process of the association between ethical leadership and safety behavior, but also tries to find a factor which moderates the positive influence of ethical leadership. To achieve it, this paper tried to identify the mediating effect of employee's psychological safety between ethical leadership and safety behavior, as well as the moderating influence of moral identity in the ethical leadership-psychological safety link. By utilizing 3-wave survey data from 227 employees in Korean companies with conducting structural equation modeling(SEM), this paper found that ethical leadership had a positive influence on safety behavior through mediating effect of psychological safety. In addition, employee's moral identity positively moderated the positive impact of ethical leadership on psychological safety.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.631-652
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• 2023

In the two-condition within-subject mediation design, pairs of variables such as mediator and outcome are observed under two treatment conditions. The main objective of the design is to investigate the indirect effects of the condition difference (sum) on the outcome difference (sum) through the mediator difference (sum) for comparison of two treatment conditions. The natural condition variables mean the original variables, while the rotated condition variables mean the difference and the sum of two natural variables. The outcome difference (sum) is expressed as a linear model regressed on two natural (rotated) mediators as a parallel two-mediator design in two condition approaches: the natural condition approach uses regressors as the natural condition variables, while the rotated condition approach uses regressors as the rotated condition variables. In each condition approach, the total indirect effect on the outcome difference (sum) can be expressed as the sum of two individual indirect effects: within- and cross-condition indirect effects. The total indirect effects on the outcome difference (sum) for both condition approaches are the same. The invariance of the total indirect effect makes it possible to analyze the nature of two pairs of individual indirect effects induced from the natural conditions and the rotated conditions. The two-condition within-subject design is extended to the addition of a between-subject moderator. Probing of the conditional indirect effects given the moderator values is implemented by plotting the bootstrap confidence intervals of indirect effects against the moderator values. The expected indirect effect with respect to the moderator is derived to provide the overall effect of moderator on the indirect effect. The model coefficients are estimated by the structural equation modeling approach and their statistical significance is tested using the bias-corrected bootstrap confidence intervals. All procedures are evaluated using function lavaan() of package {lavaan} in R.