• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.321-322
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• 1996

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1998.10b
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• pp.275-276
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• 1998

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.228-232
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• 2001

Gastrointestinal involvement occurs in two thirds of children with Henoch-Sch$\"{o}$nlein purpura (HSP) and intussusception is by far the most common abdominal complication. Intussusception in HSP almost originates in the small bowel, which is in contrast with idiopathic intussusception. Earlier diagnosis and prompt treatment of intra-abdominal complications can reduce the mortality and ultrasound is the imaging modality of choice in evaluation the bowel manifestations of HSP. We report a case of jejuno-jejunal intussusception associated with HSP in a 5-year-old boy who presented with diffuse abdominal pain and vomiting after a few days of HSP onset. Abdominal ultrasound demonstrated intussusception in the jejunum with well defined target appearance because of the thickened intussusceptum, which disappeared on the computerized tomographic examination checked approximately 24 hours later. A brief review of literature was made.

• BMB Reports
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.221-226
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• 1995

Dopamine mediates inhibitory responses in Helix aspersa neurons from the right parietal lobe ("F-lobe") of the circumoesophageal ganglia. The effects appeared as a dose-dependent hyperpolarization of the plasma membrane and a decrease in the occurrence of spontaneous action potentials. The average hyperpolarization with 5 ${\mu}m$ dopamine was -12 mV (${\pm}1.5$mV, S.D., n=12). Dopamine also modulated the currents 'responsible for shaping the action potentials in these neurons. When dopamine was added and action potentials were triggered by an injection of current, the initial depolarization was slowed, the amplitude and the duration of action potentials were decreased, and the after-hyperpolarization was more pronounced. The amplitude and the duration of action potential were reduced about 15 mV and about 13% by 5 ${\mu}m$ dopamine, respectively. The effects of dopamine on the resting membrane potentials and the action potentials of Helix neurons were dose-dependent in the concentration range 0.1 ${\mu}m$ to 50 ${\mu}m$. In order to show 1) that the effects of dopamine were mediated by dopamine receptors rather than by direct action on ionic channels and 2) which type of dopamine receptor might be responsible for the various effects, we assayed the ability of mammalian dopamine receptor antagonists, SCH-23390 (antagonist of D1 receptor) and spiperone (antagonist of D2 receptor), to block the dopamine-dependent changes. The D1 and D2 antagonists partially inhibited the dopamine-dependent hyperpolarization and the decrease in action potential amplitude. They both completely blocked the decrease in action potential duration and the increase in action potential after-hyperpolarization. The dopamine-induced slowdown of the depolarization in the initial phase of the action potentials was less effected by SCH-23390 and spiperone. From the results we suggest 1) that Helix F-lobe neurons may have a single type of dopamine receptor that binds both SCH-23390 and spiperone and 2) that the dopamine receptor of Helix F-lobe neurons may be homologous with and primitive to the family of mammalian dopamine receptors.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.125-131
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• 2006

Purpose : High interleukin-1 beta(IL-$1{\beta}$) expression in the skin biopsy specimens of patients with Henoch-$Sch\ddot{o}nlein$ Purpura(HSP) has been observed. We examined IL-$1{\beta}$ gene polymorphism in patients with HSP. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between IL-$1{\beta}$ gene polymorphism and renal involvement in HSP. Methods : Patients from mideast Korea with HSP were studied. All patients had at least 6 months of follow up. Patients and ethnically matched controls were genotyped for IL-$1{\beta}$ gene polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP). Results : Thirty-four patients(all younger than 15 years old) who had been diagnosed with HSP and 27 controls were examined. No allele or genotype differences between the HSP and control groups were observed. No significant association between the carriage of IL-$1{\beta}$(-511) T allele and renal involvement(P=0.525, OR:1.417, CI:0.545-3.686) was found. Conclusion : In unselected patients with HSP, carriage of IL-$1{\beta}$(-511) T allele does not appear to influence renal involvement.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.97-97
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• 2001

This Study was attempted to investigate tile effect of dopamine, SKF 81297, a dopamine D$_1$-receptor agonist, and TNPA, a dopamine D$_2$-receptor agonist, on the blood pressure in rat. Dopamine exhibited the hypertensive action in proportion to the doses of 1.0, 3.0 arid 10.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg i.v., these hypertensive action of dopamine was blocked significantly by SCH 23390, a dopamine D$_1$-receptor antagonist, on the other hand, more potentiated by raclopride, a dopamine D$_1$-receptor antagonist. SKF 81297 produced hypertensive action in a dose of 1.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg i.v., wherease hypotensive action in proportion to administered doses 3.0 and 10.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg i.v., these hypertensive action of SKF 81297 in a dose of 1.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg i.v. was not influenced by SCH 23390 or raclopride, but hypotensive action of SKF 81297 in tile doses of 3.0 and 10.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg i.v. was weakened significantly by SCH 23390, but more strenthened by raclopride. TNPA showed the hypotensive action in inverse proportion to administered doses of 1.0, 3.0 and 10.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg i.v., these hypotensive action was reversed to hypertensive action in inverse proportion to the administered doses of TNPA by SCH 23390 and raclopride.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.3 no.6
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• pp.583-589
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• 2019

We report experimental results on 940-nm 350-mW AlGaAs/InGaAs transverse single-mode laser diodes (LDs) adopting graded-index separate confinement heterostructures (GRIN-SCH) and p,n-clad asymmetric structures, with improved temperature and small-divergence beam characteristics under high-output-power operation, for a three-dimensional (3D) motion-recognition sensor. The GRIN-SCH design provides good carrier confinement and prevents current leakage by adding a grading layer between cladding and waveguide layers. The asymmetric design, which differs in refractive-index distribution of p-n cladding layers, reduces the divergence angle at high-power operation and widens the transverse mode distribution to decrease the power density around emission facets. At an optical power of 350 mW under continuous-wave (CW) operation, Gaussian narrow far-field patterns (FFP) are measured with the full width at half maximum vertical divergence angle to be 18 degrees. A threshold current (I_th) of 65 mA, slope efficiency (SE) of 0.98 mW/mA, and operating current (I_op) of 400 mA are obtained at room temperature. Also, we could achieve catastrophic optical damage (COD) of 850 mW and long-term reliability of 60℃ with a TO-56 package.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.252-259
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• 2006

Gap junctions are distributed within various cells and function as electrical synapses by freely exchanging small molecules. In the retina, the practical role of gap junctions in an animal's motion detection has not been investigated very much. In this study, optometer response (OMR) was used to Investigate the effects of drugs which modulate electrical synapses between retinal ceils. An Injection of carbenoxolone, 8-Br-cAMP, sodium nitroprusside (SNP) or 8-Br-cGMP decreased goldfish's OMR in both light and dark conditions. In light conditions, an intravitreal injection of dopamine, SKF-38393 or eticlopride decreased OMR and that of SCH-23390 increased it. In dark conditions, the injections produced opposite results: dopamine, SKF-38393 and eticlopride increased OMR and SCH-23390 caused OMR to decrease. These results indicate that gap junctions between retinal cells have an Important role in goldfish's motion detection.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.58-63
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• 2008

Henoch-Sch$\ddot{o}$nlein purpura (HSP) is a leukocytoclastic vasculitis of small vessels with deposition of IgA, commonly resulting in skin, joint, gastrointestinal, and kidney involvement. HSP is an uncommon disorder in adults and accounts for 0.6% to 2% of adult nephropathy. We report a case of HSP with acute renal failure successfully treated with corticosteroid. In this case, the patient presented with vasculitic purpuric rash on lower extremity, arthralgia in the wrist, abdominal pain, hematochezia, oliguria and azotemia. Abdominal CT showed wall thickening of the small and large bowels. Skin biopsy revealed leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Percutaneous renal biopsy showed no crescent formation, but mesangial IgA and $C_3$ deposits were observed by immunofluorescence. The patient was treated with corticosteroid (1mg/kg per day) and hemodialysis. After treatment, renal function improved and purpuric lesion, arthralgia and abdominal pain disappeared. Thus, when adults present with purpuric rash and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN), HSP should be a diagnostic consideration.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.230-235
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• 2010

Patients with moderate to severe degrees of Henoch-Sch$\ddot{o}$nlein purpura (HSP) nephritis receive high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy (IMPT). Although the regimen is generally safe and effective, various complications occasionally develop. administration of excessive corticosteroid can induce urinary potassium wasting leading to hypokalemia. Polyuria, one of the complications of hypokalemia, is related to both increased thirst and mild nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. And hypokalemia itself also impairs the maximal renal urinary concentration ability. Although polyuria or nocturia after IMPT is not common, it is correctable immediately by oral potassium supplementation. Therefore, during IMPT, careful history taking of nocturia as well as monitoring urine volume, serum and urine potassium level at regular follow-up are necessary because even mild hypokalemia can provoke urine concentrating ability defect. We experienced a case of 11 year-old boy with HSP nephritis who suffered from hypokalemia-induced polyuria with nocturia right after IMPT.