• Journal of Radiation Industry
• /
• v.5 no.4
• /
• pp.353-357
• /
• 2011

Degradation of p-nitrophenol has been carried out using only gamma irradiation or gamma irradiation with $H_2O_2$ or $Na_2S_2O_8$. Effects of different operating parameters such as initial concentration ($50mg\;l^{-1}$, $100mg\;l^{-1}$, $200mg\;l^{-1}$, $300mg\;l^{-1}$, $400mg\;l^{-1}$, $500mg\;l^{-1}$ and $600mg\;l^{-1}$) on the extent of degradation has been investigated. At 5 kGy, $50mg\;l^{-1}$ p-nitrophenol was completely degraded, and the radiolytic degradation of p-nitrophenol was described by the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The combination of gamma irradiation with $H_2O_2$ or $Na_2S_2O_8$ leads to an enhanced effect, which remarkably increased the degradation efficiency of p-nitrophenol and TOC removal. However, at high $H_2O_2$ concentration, the efficacy of p-nitrophenol degradation is reduced because ${\cdot}OH$ radicals are scavenged by $H_2O_2$ and $Na_2S_2O_8$.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.50-60
• /
• 2017

This study evaluated the quality characteristics and antioxidant activities of Spergularia marina L. Griseb powder from halophyte plants added to noodles at ratios of 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0% in order to examine its applicability as a substitute for salt. For quality characteristics of noodles with Spergularia marina L. Griseb powder, pH increased (p<0.05) and salinity decreased (p<0.01) with higher added Spergularia marina L. Griseb powder content. Water absorption ratio decreased (p<0.01) while turbidity decreased (p<0.001) with greater addition of Spergularia marina L. Griseb powder. However, volume expansion ratio increased with greater addition of Spergularia marina L. Griseb powder, but there was no significant difference. For chromaticity, L value and a value decreased (p<0.001) while b value increased (p<0.001) with greater addition of Spergularia marina L. Griseb powder. For texture, hardness (p<0.001), gumminess (p<0.001), and cohesiveness (p<0.01) increased with greater amount of added Spergularia marina L. Griseb powder; however, there were no significant differences in adhesiveness, springiness, and chewiness according to the amount of added Spergularia marina L. Griseb powder. In the sensory evaluation, for color, the score was 5.55 points when 1.5% Spergularia marina L. Griseb powder was added, which was the best preference (p<0.001); for flavor, preference was best (5.64 points) when 2.0% Spergularia marina L. Griseb powder was added; for taste, preference was best (5.36 points) (p<0.001) when 2.0% Spergularia marina L. Griseb powder was added; for overall preference (overall quality) the score was 5.55 points when 1.0% Spergularia marina L. Griseb powder was added, which was the best preference (p<0.001). For antioxidant activities, antioxidant activities including total phenol content, total flavonoid content, and DPPH free radical scavenging activity increased (p<0.001) with the amount of added Spergularia marina L. Griseb powder. As a result of the above research, preference was the highest and quality was excellent overall when 1.0% Spergularia marina L. Griseb powder was added. Thus, addition of 1.0% Spergularia marina L. Griseb instead of salt would be desirable.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.25-29
• /
• 2015

Objectives: The pathophysiology of restless legs syndrome (RLS) has not been fully elucidated. Oxidative stress might play a role in the development of RLS and other antipsychotic-induced side effects such as tardive dyskinesia. In the present study, we investigated whether the glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene polymorphisms are associated with antipsychotic-induced RLS in schizophrenia. Methods: We assessed antipsychotic-induced RLS symptoms in 190 Korean schizophrenic patients using the diagnostic criteria of the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group. The GST-M1, GST-T1 and GST-P1 loci were analyzed using PCR-based methods. Results: We divided the subjects into 2 groups: those with RLS symptoms (n = 96) and those without RLS symptoms (n = 94). There were no significant differences in the distributions of the GST-M1 genotypes (${\chi}^2=3.56$, p = 0.059), GST-T1 (${\chi}^2=0.51$, p = 0.476) and GST-P1 (${\chi}^2=0.57$, p = 0.821) between the 2 groups. Comparison of the RLS score among genotypes of the GST-M1 (t = -1.54, p = 0.125), GST-T1 (t = -0.02, p = 0.985) and GST-P1 (F = 0.58, p = 0.560) revealed no significant difference. Conclusion: These data suggest that GST gene polymorphisms do not confer increased susceptibility to RLS symptoms in schizophrenic patients. Future studies are necessary to evaluate the possible influences of other candidate genes involved in the reactive oxygen species system.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.230-238
• /
• 1993

To develop multifunctional microorganisms for effective wastewater treatment, the cell of P. aeruginosa P1 enable to accumulate lead in its cell were conjugated with the cell of P. fluorescens S1 enable to degrade efficiently synthetic detergents. The plasmids of the P. aeruginosa P1 and the P. fluorescens S1 were found in the cell of the conjugants when determined by agarose gel electrophoresis. The conjugants obtained from P. fluorescens S1 as a recipient cell and P. aeruginosa P1 as a donor cell possessed the ability to degrade synthetic detergents as well as to accumulate lead.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.164-172
• /
• 2002

The objective of this study was to investigate the sensory and quality characteristics of Solsulgi containing different ratios of ingredients such as pine leaves power(1, 2, and 3%), sugar, and water. The results of sensory evaluation showed that Solsulgi containing 1% pine leaves powder had the higher scores in overall acceptability, color and flavor preference. In the textural analysis of Solsulgi, the springiness, chewiness, gumminess, and hardness were decreased by adding pine leaves powder. The hunter's color L value of Solsulgi was decreased by the increase of pine leaves powder. The more pine leaves powder was added, the redness and yellowness of Solsulgi were increased. The moisture content of Solsulgi was higher in the samples with 3% pine leaves powder than those with 1 %.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.61 no.1
• /
• pp.8-14
• /
• 1983

This study was to diagnose the ontogenetic ability of drought tolerance in trees, and was to investigate the seasonal changes in tissue-water relations parameters, ${\pi}_o$, ${\pi}_p$, $E_{max}$, $N_s/DW$, $V_o/W_s$ and $RWC_{(tlp)}$, obtained from P-V curves on the Pinus koraiensis and Abies holophylla shoots. The results obtained are as follows; 1) Seasonal changes of original osmotic pressure at maximum turgot, ${\pi}_o$, were -1.2 to -1.6 MPa in Pinus koraiensis and -1.4 to -1.7 MPa in Abies holophylla. 2) Seasonal changes of osmotic pressure at incipient plasmolysis, ${\pi}_p$, were -1.8 to -2.1 MPa in Pinus koraiensis and -1.6 to -2.1 MPa in Abies holophylla. 3) Seasonal changes of relative water content at incipient plasmolysis, $RWC_{(tlp)}$, were 70 to 77% in Pinus koraiensis and 69 to 85% in Abies holophylla. 4) Seasonal changes of maximum bulk modulus of elasticity at maximum hydration, $E_{max}$, were 2.2 to 6.3 MPa in Pinus koraiensis and 3.1 to 7.9 MPa in Abies holophylla. 5) Seasonal changes of number of osmoles of solute in symplasm versus dry weight, $N_s/DW$, were 0.5 to 1.3 in Pinus koraiensis and 0.3 to 1.0 in Abies holophylla. 6) Seasonal changes of original osmotic water volume versus total water volume (symplasmic and apoplastic water), $V_o/W_s$, were 55 to 65%r in Pinus koraiensis and 40 to 65% in Abies holophylla. Consequently, as the comparative values of ${\pi}_o$, ${\pi}_p$, $E_{max}$, $N_s/DW$, $V_o/W_s$, and $RWC_{(tlp)}$, it might be suggested that Abies holophylla shoot could have more or less a greater ability of drought tolerance as compared with Pinus koraiensis shoot.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.69-82
• /
• 1984

The general fearfulness of hospitalized school-age children and the emotional anxiety of their mothers were investigated and compared to those of normal children and their mothers, in order to provide theoretical basis for establishing comprehensive nursing care of hospitalized children including their mothers. The present study was carried out from Sept. 5th to Oct. 3rd, 1983. A total of 81 hospital I zed children and their mothers were investigated and 95 normal elementary school children and their mothers as control group were surveyed The general fearfulness of children and the emotional anniety of their mothers were measured through questionaire by using Geer's FSS-Ⅱscale and Spielberger's STAI scale, respectively. The results were analyzed by computer using S.P.S.S. program and summarized as follows: 1. The emotional anxiety of the mothers of hospitalized children was greater than that of normal children's mothers. (P=0.000). 2. The general fearfulness of hospitalized children was greater than that of normal children (p=0.000) 3. The general fearfulness of hospitalized children varied with children's age and sex, mother's age and mother's experience of hospitalization. a) The general fearfulness of the hospitalized children at the age of 7∼9 was greater than that of the age 10∼12. (P=0.020) b) Girl's scored greater fearfulness than boys. (p=0.037) c) The younger mother's age resulted in the higher children fearfulness. (P= 0.0059). d) When the mothers did not have experience of hospitalization, the children's fearfulness was high. (P=0.014) 4. The anxiety-state of hospitalized children's mother was proportionally reacted to their anxiety-trait. (r=0.694, p=0.000) 5. The relationship between mother's emotional anxiety and their hospitalized children's general fearfulness failed to show statistical significance. (r= 0.1184, P＞0.05). These results indicated that the general fearfulness of hospitalized children was affected by environmental factors beside mother's emotional anxiety. An extensive study on the factors influencing the general fearfulness of hospitalized children is needed.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.27-37
• /
• 2009

Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children. We retrospectively analyzed the results of neuroblastoma treatment of 191 patients (116 males and 75 females) treated between January 1986 and December 2005 at the Department of Pediatric Surgery and the Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital. The mean age at diagnosis was 3.1 years (0.1 yrs - 13.5 yrs). Forty-seven patients were under 1 year of age. The mean follow-up period was 57.3 months (24 days - 19.1 yrs). Patients were classified into two groups according to the completeness of resection of the primary tumor; (1) gross total resection (GTR) and (2) incomplete resection (IR). The number of patients in stages I, II, III, IV, IV-S were 17 (8.9 %), 12 (6.3 %), 43 (22.5 %), 114 (59.7 %), 4 (2.1 %), respectively. GTR was achieved in 120 patients and IR in 71 (22 stage III, 47 stage IV, 1 stage IV-S, 1 brain). Overall survival (OS) was 65.2 % and event-free survival (EFS) was 48.6 %. EFS were 100 %, 75 %, 66.8 %, 31.3 %, 75 % at stage I, II, III, IV, IV-S, respectively. There was no significant difference in EFS according to the completeness of resection. EFS was improved in GTR group (p=ns) of stage III, but by contrast, stage IV patients showed worse EFS in GTR group. EFS was improved significantly after the introduction of autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) (58.1% vs. 40.6%, p=.029). The EFS improved significantly after the introduction of ASCT in IR group (p=.009) rather than GTR group (p=ns). The EFS of the patients under 1 year of age (N=47) was better than the patients over 1 year of age (N=144) significantly (75.5 % vs. 39.4 %, p=.0034). The prognosis of neuroblastoma was related to the INSS stage and age at diagnosis. The survival of IR group significantly improved after ASCT.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.96-101
• /
• 2011

S-Adenosyl-L-methionine synthtase (SAM-s) catalyzes the biosynthesis of SAM from ATP and L-methionine. SAM plays important roles in the primary and secondary metabolism of cells. A metK encoding a SAM-s was searched from Streptomyces natalensis producing natamycin, a predominantly a strong antifungal agent, inhibiting the growth of both yeasts and molds and preventing the formation of aflatoxin in filamentous fungi. To obtain the metK of S. natalensis, PCR using primers designed from the two highly conserved regions for metK genes of Streptomyces strains was carried out, and an intact 1.2-kb metK gene of S. natalensis was cloned by genomic Southern hybridization with PCR product as a probe. To identify the function of the cloned metK gene, it was inserted into pSET152ET for its high expression in the Streptomyces strain, and then introduced into S. lividans TK24 as a host by transconjugation using E. coli ET12567(pUZ8002). The high expression of metK in S. lividans TK24 induced actinorhodin production on R5 solid medium, and its amount in R4 liquid medium was 10-fold higher than that by exconjugant including only pSET152ET.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.47-58
• /
• 1992

The autocorrelation function structures of bilinear time series model BL(p, q, r, s), $r \geq s$ are obtained and shown to be analogous to those of ARMA(p, l), l=max(q, s). Simulation studies are performed to investigate the adequacy of Akaike information criteria for identification between ARMA(p, l) and BL(p, q, r, s) models and for determination of orders of BL(p, q, r, s) models. It is suggested that the model of having minimum Akaike information criteria is selected for a suitable model.