• 가정과삶의질연구
• /
• 제28권6호
• /
• pp.207-220
• /
• 2010

This study is intended to create a tool which can identify the concept of consumption life level and to develop a standardized scale to measure consumption life level. Based on it, the concept and perspective of consumption life level was formed and then the scale for measuring it was developed. To develop the scale, the scale was firstly formed by extracting questions through a literature survey, and verifying validity through experts' opinions. Then the final scale was developed by conducting a questionnaire survey for consumers. A preliminary 27-item scale was developed through a literature review. 1000 consumers responded to an online survey using the preliminary scale. This research was made with the intention of not only supplying academic data on the consumer's consumption life level but also understanding the consumer's basic behavior patterns. Then a series of tests: test-retest, item-to-total correlation, and Cronbach's reliability coefficient and factor analysis were conducted using the survey data and the final 20-item scale was constructed in the end. The consumer's consumption life level scale consisted of 4 factors.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제21권10호
• /
• pp.421-432
• /
• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 초등학교 고학년 학생의 인터넷 게임 및 스마트폰 이용실태를 파악하고자 하였다. 2018년 10월 6일부터 2019년 9월 30일까지 K 지역 소재 16개 초등학교에 재학 중인 4~6학년 1,618명을 대상으로 자료를 수집하였고, 기술통계와 빈도분석, Chi-square를 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과, 인터넷 게임중독 자가진단척도(I-GUESS)는 고위험군이 6.1%로 나타났고, 스마트폰 과의존 척도(S-scale)는 잠재적 위험군 10.1%, 고위험군 0.8%로 나타났다. 인터넷 게임 및 스마트폰 사용과 관련된 신체적 문제는 36.0%가 경험했다고 응답했고, 눈의 피로가 20.4%로 가장 높았다. 정서적 문제는 18.5%에서 경험했다고 응답했으며, 분노가 6.8%로 가장 높았다. 사회적 문제는 21.8%가 경험한 것으로 파악되었고, 부모와의 갈등이 10.3%로 가장 높게 보고되었다. S-scale 점수와 I-GUESS 점수에 따른 주 사용 콘텐츠를 조사한 결과, S-scale 점수와 I-GUESS 점수가 높을수록 중계방송콘텐츠를 가장 많이 사용하는 것으로 나타났다. I-GUESS와 S-Scale 간의 상관관계에서는 I-GUESS와 S-Scale 간의 상관관계에서는 I-GUESS 점수가 고위험군 일수록, S-scale의 고위험군 비율도 높게 나타났으며, S-scale 점수가 고위험군 일수록 I-GUESS 점수의 고위험군 비율도 높은 것으로 나타났다. 향후, 이러한 변수를 고려하여 예방의 관점에서 초등학생을 위한 중재 프로그램 및 부모 교육 컨텐츠 개발이 시급함을 제언코자 한다.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.151-162
• /
• 2010

Objective : Bell's palsy is common and has many clinic study. but bell's palsy prognosis is not enough specific. So this study was evaluated bell's palsy prognosis, treatment number, sequela of normal group and bad prognosis group. Methods : From June 2009 to June 2010, patients who visited Dong-seo Oriental Medicine ENT. A clinic study was done on patient who were diagnosed bell's palsy, onset 2weeks within when first visited OPD and treated 3 times over in Dong-seo Oriental Medicine Cental. To evaluate grade of paralysis, House-Brackman Scale was used. We classified treatment numbers of each HB-Scale group, normal gIVroup and bad prognosis group. Results : The distribution of Onset HB-Scale : Gr II 26.25%, Gr III 67.5%, Gr IV 6.25% Onset HB-Scale Gr II patients completely recover 100% Onset HB-Scale Gr III patients completely recover 64.8%, improved 27.8%, nothing change 7.4% Onset HB-Scale Gr IV patients completely recover 40%, improved 60% Onset HB-Scale Gr II & IV patients recovery percentage make no difference of normal group (Group A) and bad prognosis. Onset HB-Scale Gr III patients completely recover Group A 66.7%, Group B 52.9%, improved Group A 23.2%, Group 35.3%, noting change Group A 5.1%, Group B 11.8% Onset HB-Scale Gr II patients has no sequela. Onset HB-Scale Gr III & IV patients has tendency that they treat more times, more improving and less sequela probability Conclusion : Onset HB-Scale is the indicator of acute bell's palsy prognosis.

• Ocean and Polar Research
• /
• 제39권1호
• /
• pp.61-71
• /
• 2017

This study estimates the cost function through offshore fishery cost data and analyzed the economies of scale of Korea's offshore fishery. For the estimation of the cost function, translog cost function was used, and the analysis implemented the panel analysis of the panel data. Also, annual economies of scale of the offshore fishery and economies of scale of 14 offshore fisheries in 2015 were analyzed using translog cost function coefficient estimation. The analysis result of economies of scale of Korea's offshore fishery showed that with the exception of 2003, economies of scale exist in all periods of time. However, as it almost reaches the minimum efficient scale, it was revealed that further scale expansion will bring inefficiency. Thus, according to the analysis result, Korea's offshore fishery requires a scale reduction policy rather than scale expansion policy, and this seems to coincide with the current government's fishery reconstruction policy and its practice such as the fishing vessel buyback program. The analysis result of economies of scale of each offshore fishery in 2015 showed that economies of scale of each offshore fishery exists with the exception of five trawl fisheries such as large pair-trawl and large otter trawl and large purse seines. This strongly suggests that the five fisheries and Large Purse Seines with non performing economies of scale need urgent scale reduction and should be the first target for the government's fishery reconstruction policy.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국진공학회 2001년도 창립10주년 제20회 학술발표회
• /
• pp.214-214
• /
• 2001

• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제31권7호
• /
• pp.767-771
• /
• 1994

In a salb-preheating furnace of steel-making industry, the oxidation/degradation behavior of Cr3C2 ceramic composited dkid button reaction with scale in Fe-oxide system occurs and was thermodynamically examined. The reaction of scale with Cr3C2 skid button produces Cr3C2(s) and C(s), and Co gas is then evolved from the reaction of C(s) with Fe-scale. Cr3C2(s) from oxidation of Cr3C2(s) reacted with Fe-oxide(s) becomes high-melting chromite. The chromite acts as protection layer against further oxidation and improves resistance of the reaction of Cr3C2 skid button with Fe-scale.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.145-155
• /
• 2016

Background: Asia is on track to become the region with the most elderly people in the world. The elderly population will reach 922.7 million by the middle of this century. Therefore, they will be cared for by the today's youth. Negative attitudes toward older people can make adolescents more uncomfortable relating to them. Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate validity and reliability of Kogan's attitude toward old people among nursing students in Thailand, Myanmar, and Indonesia. Methods: Content validation of the 34-item Kogan's attitude toward old people was examined by three geriatric nursing experts. The reliability was evaluated on 600 nursing students, from nursing colleges in Thailand (200), Myanmar (200), and Indonesia (200). Findings: The attitude scores towards the elderly ranged from 34 to 238. All of the 34 items were found to have significant item-to-total correlations (p< .05). The reliability results were as follows: In Thailand, Cronbach's alpha was .70 for the total scale, .72 for the positive scale, and .68 for the negative scale. In Myanmar, Cronbach's alpha was .68 for the total scale, .65 for the positive scale, and .66 for the negative scale. In Indonesia, Cronbach's alpha was .66 for the total scale, .71 for the positive scale, and .72 for the negative scale. Conclusions: These findings suggest that Kogan's attitude toward old people is reliable and valid for nursing students from Thailand, Myanmar, and Indonesia. However, Kogan's attitude toward old people should be revised by these countries, including changing wording on all items for better reliability. The revised version must then be tested for reliability and validity.

• 가정과삶의질연구
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.127-139
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study was to develop a standardized scale to measure consume's impulse purchasing in internet shopping mall. As internet shopping is expanding rapidly, the consumer's impulse purchasing in the internet shopping is also increased. A preliminary 26-item scale was developed through a literature review. 1230 consumers responded to an online survey using the preliminary scale. This research was made with the intention of not only supplying the academic data on the consumer's impulse purchasing but also understanding the consume's basic behavior patterns in internet shopping mall. Then A series of tests, such as test-retest, item-to-total correlation, Cronbach's reliability coefficient and factor analysis, were conducted using the survey data. The final scale with 20-items was constructed in the end. The consume's impulse purchasing in internet shopping mall Scale for Consumers consisted of 4 factors.

• 음성과학
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.227-236
• /
• 2005

For the exact assessment and diagnosis of stuttering, not only speech disfluency but also the attitude of stuttering has to be considered. However, clinical researches and studies about stuttering have tend to center around disfluency. Relatively little attention was paid to the communication attitude of stuttering. In this paper, we will attempt to investigate that the Modified Erickson Scale of Communication Attitudes(S-24) is available in Korean stutterer. The S-24 was administrated to 27 adults with stuttering and 27 normal adults. Based on the item analysis of S-24, 4 items which have the low item discrimination coefficient and are little difference between stutterer group and normal group were excepted from the scale. To test validity of the reconstructed communication attitude scale, we estimated a internal consistency and carried out correlation analyses and discrimination analyses. We found that the reconstructed scale had a high internal consistency(a = .8701), was consisted six components(explanatory power = 66.59% of total variation), correlated with the PSI at .439 and with the SESAS at -.527, and correctly classified between stutterers and normal adults at 92.6%. Consequently, the reconstructed communication attitude scale is a useful scale to assess stutterer's communication attitude in Korea.

• 아동학회지
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.37-62
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to develop an appropriate scale for evaluating early years children's English textbooks and to confirm the validity and reliability for the scale thus developed. The scale was administered to 563 Korean early childhood English teachers. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) of the 24 item scale demonstrated Cronbach' ${\alpha}$ = .94 for internal consistency of the total items. Confimatory Factor Analysis (CFA) supported a four-factor structure. Cross-Validation for the retest accepted the four-factors. Those four factors were as follows; Contents & Organization as factor 1, Illustrations & Designs as factor 2, Materials & Topics, as factor 3 and Objectives as factor 4. The author suggests that these afore mentioned factors will prove to be most useful for evaluating the children's English textbooks which are apparently published in an often quite indiscriminant manner.