• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.321-329
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• 2024

This study attempted to obtain implications for digital education policy by reviewing the Framework Acts and Enforcement Decrees related to digital education. To this end, the following were explored. First, the concept and components of digital competency were reviewed. Second, the Framework Acts and Enforcement Decrees related to digital education policy were reviewed using the above concepts. Third, the characteristics and implications of the Framework Acts and Enforcement Decrees for digital education were explored. The results are as follows: Korea's digital education policy tried to reflect the categories that digital competency must cover, even its function and dysfunction role. However, to achieve their purpose, it is necessary to maintain consistency with related laws or policies. We identified that amendments to the Basic Act and related articles are essential to effectively enforce the Digital-Based Distance Education Activation Basic Act. A reevaluation of the correlation between Article 10, emphasizing digital media literacy education, and Article 5 of the enforcement decree is necessary. Revision of the enforcement decree to align with Article 10's objectives is vital to ensure proactive measures for promoting digital literacy and competence as mandated by the Basic Act.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.336-345
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• 2020

Vessel Traf ic Services (VTS) is a system for ship safety and accident prevention. The International Maritime Organization (IMO), the International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and the Lighthouse Authorities (IALA) established regulations related to VTS from an early stage. On December 3, 2019, South Korea enacted a special act called the "Act on Vessel Traffic Services (VTS Act)," which will take ef ect on June 4, 2020. In this paper, the background of this act's enactment is examined and its provisions are critically reviewed. In particular, the study intensively examines the reasons the immunity provisions for the VTS operator were removed and the current direction of improvements to the VTS Act is presented in terms of its feasibility. Most countries that do not have an Act related to VTS and its operator, refer to that of Korea. Therefore, it is necessary to reinforce the structures and definition of the VTS Act, as well as the immunity provisions for the VTS operator. The latter were removed during the National Assembly's legislation process, but were included in the initial bill, and should be reflected in subsequent revisions of the VTS Act.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.125-153
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• 2012

The adult guardianship system has been introduced through amendments of Korean Civil Code for the first time in the March 2011(Act No. 10429, 7. 1. 2013. enforcement). The adult guardianship system has the main purposes to provide a lot of help vulnerable adults and elderly, and protect them on the welfare related with property act, treatment, care, etc. There could be a controversy about whether the protection Legal Guardian's consent(formerly known as the Mental Health Act) or permission of the Family Court(revised Civil Code) are required to, or the Mental Health Act should be revised, when mental patient will be hospitalized forcibly. The author proposes that mental patient with Adult guardians should be determined by Legal Guardian's consent and approval of the Family Court, but mental patient without Adult guardians could be determined by Legal Guardian's consent. The issue of Withdrawing of life-sustaining treatment could be occurred due to the aging society and the development of modern medicine, and this has provided difficult, various problems to mankind in Legal, ethical, and social welfare aspects. The need of Death with dignity law or Natural death law has been reduced for a revision of the Civil Code. Therefore, on the issue of Withdrawing of life-sustaining treatment, in the future, intervention of the court is necessary in accordance with the revised Civil Code Section, and Organ Transplantation Act and the brain death criteria may serve as an important criterion.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.37-47
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• 2022

The Act on the Punishment of Serious Accidents to Prevent Large-scale Disasters, including Ferry Sewol and Taean Thermal Power Plant, passed the National Assembly on January 8, 2021, and has been in effect since January 27, 2022. However, the law, in which the representative of the headquarters is unlimitedly responsible for each worker's accident, is somewhat unreasonable at a time when a company owns dozens to hundreds of construction sites due to the nature of the construction industry. I agree with the purpose of enacting the law to reduce chronic serious accidents at construction sites, but it is necessary to carefully reconsider the implementation of the law in that punishment alone cannot achieve industrial safety. Previous studies focused on revising the Occupational Safety and Health Act, but there are few studies on the impact on the construction industry after the implementation of the Serious Accident Act. Therefore, this study attempts to derive problems related to the application of the Serious Accident Act and present improvement measures. To this end, after analyzing previous studies, SWOT analysis was performed by applying the Delphi method to derive strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. In addition, the results of two surveys of safety experts such as public institutions, academia, and companies were reflected, and its countermeasures were presented as follows. S/O strategy: establishing on-site execution capabilities of health and safety management system; W/O strategy: expanding legal and system execution checks; S/T strategy: establishing a risk response system; W/T strategy: expanding consulting by external specialized institutions

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.59-64
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• 2018

Listeria monocytogenes can asymptomatically inhabit the human intestine as a commensal bacterium. However, the mechanism by which L. monocytogenes is able to inhabit the intestine without pathogenic symptoms remains unclear. We compared the invasion efficiency of L. monocytogenes strains with the 268- and 385-bp-long actA gene. Clinical strains SMFM-CI-3 and SMFM-CI-6 with 268-bp actA isolated from patients with listeriosis, and strains SMFM-SI-1 and SMFM-SI-2 with the 385-bp gene isolated from carcasses, were used for inoculum preparation. The invasion efficiency of these strains was evaluated using Caco-2 cells (intestinal epithelial cell line), prepared as normal and healthy cells with tightened tight junctions and senescent cells with loose tight junctions that were loosened by adriamycin treatment. The invasion efficiency of L. monocytogenes strains with the 268-bp-long actA gene was 1.1-2.6-times lower than that of the strains with the 385-bp-long gene in normal and healthy cells. However, the invasion efficiency of both types of strains did not differ in senescent cells. Thus, L. monocytogenes strains with the 268-bp-long actA gene can inhabit the intestine asymptomatically as a commensal bacterium, but they may invade the intestinal epithelial cells and cause listeriosis in senescent cells.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.335-358
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• 2013

School library is the place of educational meeting and cultural communication. School Libraries Promotion Act legislated in 2007 bring about library law's unity absence, the subject of works, arrangement standard of professional personnel, establishment of contents and scope, and matter of qualification and so on. This study investigated the process established of School Libraries Promotion Act, a proposal bill, a purpose bill, and the main contents. As a result it is to propose revision of bill after analysis of the question enacted School Libraries Promotion Act.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.26 no.1_2
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• pp.395-400
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• 2008

Although the properties of flatness and condition (E) for Sacts over a monoid S are incomparable, Liu([10]) showed that necessary and sufficient condition for a monoid S over which all left S-acts that satisfy condition (E) are flat is the regularity of S. But the problem of describing a monoid over which all cyclic flat left S-acts satisfy condition (E) is still open. Thus the purpose of this paper is to characterize monoids over which all cyclic flat right S-acts satisfy condition (E).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.55-61
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• 2023

Although corporate punishment-related systems are being implemented in several countries, such as South Korea's Serious Accidents Punishment Act (SAPA), related research has mainly focused on legal issues. This study aimed to compare and analyze the SAPA and Singapore's Workplace Safety and Health Act (WSHA) and Code of Practice on Chief Executives' and Board of Directors' Workplace Safety and Health Duties (WSHD). In addition, it was attempted to draw implications to enhance the effectiveness of the CEO's safety and health duties. For this study, a comparative analysis was conducted in 3 steps. In step 1, similar overseas systems were investigated. In step 2, the system contents were classified into four viewpoints (DUTY, RESOURCE, Other factors, and Main contents), and comparison items were derived from each viewpoint. In step 3, the viewpoints were compared, and implications were derived. The following three implications were derived through comparative analyses. 1) In WSHD, additional explanation and calibration of measures clarify the CEO's role, and 2) It is easy to use for the CEO's duties by providing the resources directly. 3) Penalties for violating the proposed duties are entrusted to the existing higher-level laws. Considering this, providing detailed content and related information for the CEO would possibly improve the SAPA to fulfill his/her duties through announcements from related organizations in the future.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.433-445
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• 2015

Objectives: The major objectives of this study are to review the issues surrounding trade secret claims in the Chemicals Control Act and Amendment on Occupational Safety and Health Act(1917-227) and to propose a way of improving the reliability of chemical information in MSDSs, labels and National Chemical Survey results. Materials: To review the issues on trade secret claims, we made an analysis frame which was divided into three steps: Value and Problem Recognition; New Regulation Design; and Enforcement and Amendment. We then compared Korean issues with issues from the United States' Hazard Communication Standard and Emergency Planning & Community Right-to-Know Act, Canada's Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System and Hazardous Materials Information Review Act and the European Union's Regulation on Classification, Labelling and Packaging of substances and Mixtures. Results: The stage of right-to-know development in Korea has passed the Value and Problem Recognition phase, so efforts are needed to elaborately design new regulation. Conclusions: We recommend two ways to improve right-to-know in Korea. First, strict examination of the quality of documents for trade secret claims is very important. Second, trade secrets should be limited to less-hazardous substances.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.74-80
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• 2000

In Korea we didn't have fundamental legal system on telecommunication until 'Communication Act'(Act No. 923) of Dec. 1961. After then, with rapid advances of technology and increases of request to telecommunication services in the field of telecommunication, circumstances around the telecommunication market have been changed. The market has been enlarged and slowed. Regulating of that field has been diverse and complex, Specially, as WTO went into effect, it's been recognized that standardization is more important for correspond to openness and liberalization in the field of telecommunication. In our country, national industry standardization began with 'Industry Standard Act of 1961', but it put mainly importance in manufacturing standard or industry standard till 1980's. Telecommunication standardization began to be active as TTA was set up in 1989. Now regulating rules to telecommunication standard are including 'the Fundamental Act of Information Promotion', 'Telecommunication Act', 'Act relating to Telecommunication Network Use Promotion, etc:, 'Software Industry Advancement Act','Knowledge Information Resource Act'. In this paper, we will survey regulating rules to telecommunication standard and Produce the future proposal to that.