• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 1996

This study examines the spatial characteristics of postal office patronage in rural areas. in the light of future possible relocation and closures of the postal facilities. Most of private services have flown out small rural central places due to the decrease of supporting population, and there consequently remain only a few public services including government-run post offices at the Myon seats, the lowest level among rural central places in Korea. The small local population and its further decline undermine the rationale for maintaining such public services in depleted rural areas. For the worse of it, the government recently plans to transform the postal system to a quasi-private, corporational structure. One can fear that the profit-seeking nature of the new postal corporation will inevitably force to close many of such small rural facilities. The study first analysed nation-wide censuses of postal offices for the years of 1986 and 1992. The postal services examined are per capita number of postal stamps and revenue stamps sold, and letters, parcels, telegrams and monetary transactions handled at the post offices. It is found that, while the usage of postal services has increased substantially throughout the nation during the period of 1986-1992, the increment has largely been occurred by urban post offices rather than by those in Gun seats (i.e., rural counties); and that the gap of the service levels between urban and rural post offices is ever widening. The study further examined the service differentials among the post offices within rural counties to find that those post offices adjacent to the county (Gun) seats and larger urban centers rendered less amount of services than remote rural post offices, indicating that rural residents tend to partonize larger centers more and more than local Myon seats. At the second stage of the study, questionnaire surveys were conducted in Muju, Kimpo, and Hongsung-Gun's. These three counties are meant to represent respectively the remote, suburban, and intermediary counties in Korea. The analyses of survey data reveal that the postal hinterlands of the county seats extend to much of nearby Myons, the subdivisions of a Gun. It is also found that the extent of postal hinterlands of the three counties and the magnitude of patronage and quite different from each other depending upon the topography, population density, and the propinquity of the counties to metropolitan centers. The findings suggest to reappraise the current flat allocation scheme of public facilites to each of rural subdivisions throughout the nation. A detailed analysis on the travel behavior of the survey respondents yields that age is the most salient variable to distinguish activity spaces of rural residents. The activity spaces of older respondents tend to be more limited within their Myon, whereas those of younger respondents extend across the Myon boundary, toward the central towns and even distant larger cities. The very existence of several activity spaces in rural areas calls for an attention in the future locational decisions of public facilities. The locational criteria, employed by the Ministry of Communication of Korean government to establish a post office, are the size of hinterland population and the distance from adjacent postal facilities. The present study findings suggest two additional criteria: the order in rural central place hierarchy and the propinquity to the upper-level centers of the central hierarchy. These old and new criteria are complementary each other in that the former criteria are employed to determine new office locations, whereas the latter are appropriate to determine facility relocation and closures.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.45-53
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• 2014

This study classifies the types of visitors to experiential fishing villages and analyses the features and target marketing strategies by categorical groups. Seven factors are extracted by Factor Analysis and the results of Cluster Analysis indicate the classification of five groups. The first group puts emphasis on the family connection, so family centered facilities and programs are necessary. The second group is composed of surrounding area residents whose purpose of visit is unclear. So environmentally friendly village development programs to encourage local patriotism are necessary. The third group puts emphasis on the necessary facilities and programs for experiencing the fishing village and traditional play, etc. The fourth group emphasizes programs related with the region and the means to satisfy visitor's aesthetic desires. Finally, the fifth group aims at various desires that are generally felt in experiential fishing villages. So this group requires marketing strategies from the public point of view. The existing research mostly surveys rural tourism villages, but this study highlights the difference in dealing with fishing villages as opposed to rural villages, from the perspective of industry and settlement.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.432-435
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• 2006

Potential application topics of KOMPSAT-3 image in the field of precision agriculture are suggested. The topics can be categorized as fundamental and applied ones that have contents of static and dynamic characteristics respectively. As fundamental topics, precision information of agriculture that is related to farmland and its crop attributes, precision information of rural infrastructure that is related to rural village and its facilities, precision information of stream environment that is related to rural water resources and its facilities, and precision information of eco-environment that is especially related to riparian ecology and environmental status are included. As applied topics, precision rural water resources that has thematic contents of continuous and event-based runoff, spatial and temporal soil moisture and evapotranspiration, precision agricultural watershed environment that has the contents of spatial and temporal soil loss, sediment and pollutants transport, and precision temporal and spatial crop growth that has the contents of temporal crop texture, spectral reflectance, leaf area index, spatial crop protein information.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.65-75
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• 2015

The purposes of carrying out this research were the efficient formation and management of the house gardens of the farming villages in the future by stereotyping the house gardens of the farming villages and the garden spaces and the facilities through the analysis of the present situation of the farm villages and the suggestion of the basic materials for the improvement of the farming village environments. As a result, there were the limitations that this research had been limited to the garden spaces of the farm village houses, without considering all the environments of the farm villages. It was thought that, if, based on these results, the researches for drawing the item of the concrete creation of the gardens and the management are proceeded with through the in-depth analysis in the vein of the relationship between the farm village homestead gardens and the villages in the future, this will prove helpful in practically formulating and putting into practice the policies for supplying the farm village gardens for the farm villages.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.43-54
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• 2013

School closings in rural area continue to occur due to drops in population in those areas. Many studies have been done in order to effectively utilize such closed schools. However, there is a lack of studies targeting operators of the closed facilities for revitalization. Therefore, the goal of this research is understanding the real operational status of and finding solutions for the closed schools after studying the current operational status of the closed schools by conducting surveys with their operators. The survey was performed with closed-school-operators in Chungcheongnam-Do as the target; and the analysis was conducted regarding the acquisition type of the closed schools (purchase, lease), building condition, repair and construction status, annual visitors, operational days, operational fees, seasonal ups and downs, operational profits, and satisfaction of local government support. The results showed that there were differences with visitors and operational days along acquisition types as well as low operational profits and seasonal ups and downs including dissatisfaction of local government support. In this study, institutional and political improvement measurements were suggested for the effective operation of the closed facilities based on the main results.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.9-16
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• 2017

There are an increasing number of healthcare facilaties, especially branch offices, in rural areas to serve the aging population living there. However, there has been a gradual decline in the ratios of recognition, satisfaction and utilization by people who live in the regions. A significant reason of declining the ratios should be the population decline, but the most of population hierarchy shows the groups of elderly people over 60. This result appears to be limited to visit the public health centers. According to the result of population hierarchy, a branch office of public health center has been re-established as a complex welfare facility which can be fulfilled in the functions of basic medical supports and cultural supports. This research is focused on collecting the meaningful information of the status of physical facilities and utilization with 15branch offices of public health care centers in the rural regions near the city of Ik-San city. In addition, this research has a purpose of getting fundamental data for future architectural plans of the branch offices in rural regions with the results about the status of facility operation systems and users' needs.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.65-73
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• 2002

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.21-31
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• 2012

According to the decrease in birth rate and reduction of population in rural area, primary schools have brought about many problems for decrease of number of student, and environment of education have became deteriorated. Accordingly, primary schools be required improvement, and it should be altered placement of schools because it change number of student, distance and time of attending school, and formation of school zone are changed by alternating of human and physical environment. Merger and abolition of primary school is inevitable for change of placement standard to primary school and qualitative improvement of environment of education in rural area. This study suggests the effective space planning methods for unified school and appropriate utilization alternatives for closed school following after the merger and abolition of small rural schools. In doing so, it explores the present models of merger and abolition through analysis of all sort of actual condition and the possibilities for various utilizations of the abolished schools. It proposes a classroom-operation type fused the comprehensive class and departmental class system for merged primary schools in rural area. It also suggests the re-use methods of closed school facilities for students and community. Finally, it emphasizes that in order to success the policy of the merger and abolition of small schools, it be attributed to the social-cultural environment based on local residents and community and required provision of a variety of utilization plans reflecting local specifics and guarantee of local residents' participation and selection.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.217-226
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• 2015

As the aging society is globally increasing, the guide for the aged-friendly city is suggested by WHO and many cities are preparing to meet with it. The base of this guide for an age-friendly city is an active aging. This study examined how degree the neighborhood environment is age-friendly from older persons' standpoints. The data were collected through the interview with old persons who aged more than 65 years, 117 persons in an urban area and 110 ones in a rural area. The age-friendly degree of neighborhood environment was examined from two aspects. One is how close 12 neighborhood facilities were from the elderly's houses. Another one is how degree the elderly were considered in 4 areas: pedestrian road, traffic, the amount of housing for the elderly, and space layouts of their houses. Findings were as follows. First, the elderly related neighborhood facilities in urban area were closer located to old persons' houses than in rural area, except the senior center. Second, in case of the age-friendly degree of their neighborhood environments, the space layout of house was the highest, and then traffic, pedestrian road, and the amount of housing for the elderly, in order. The consideration degree of wheelchair users was the lowest. Third, the age-friendly degree of pedestrian road, traffic, and room layout of house in rural area were higher than in urban area. However, the amount of housing for the elderly in urban area was higher than in rural area.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.133-145
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to assess residents' perception of the revitalization projects of the rural center and to evaluate their views of the projects' importance and their levels of satisfaction with how they have been carried out. In this study, we measured the residents' perceptions and preferences regarding these projects by using Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA). Results showed that residents' perceptions and satisfaction were the highest for the projects providing welfare facilities, even though this project has little relevance to the overall project goal. Residents were dissatisfied with construction projects such as the building of cultural facilities and urban parks, even while recognizing their importance. It is necessary to establish what problem the people perceive and to manage them appropriately. Next, the residents did not appreciate the community empowerment projects, nor did they evaluate the contents of the program positively. It can therefore be seen that the community empowerment projects have not been carried out well. Finally, the street landscape improvement project was not successfully implemented compared to other projects. The residents have negatively perceived the installation of facilities that they do not want, rarely use, or are poorly operated. this shows that the evaluation of residents is significant. They become the users of the revitalization project for the rural center. It is necessary to overcome problems such as project items chosen by professionals without local consultation and obvious design in the revitalization project of the local center. There is a need to ascertain the residents' opinion of each project and to encourage them to participate directly in the management operation.