• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.111-117
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• 2015

This study investigated quality characteristics of commercial frozen chopped garlic. We collected six kinds of commercial frozen chopped garlic, four of which were domestic and the remaining two made in China. The moisture contents and drip loss of domestic frozen chopped garlic were significantly lower than those of Chinese garlic. Drip loss was positively correlated with moisture content (r=0.918, P<0.01). Total pyruvate contents of frozen chopped garlic ranged from $118.69{\pm}5.97{\sim}224.81{\pm}9.92{\mu}mol/g$ in domestic garlic and $75.27{\pm}5.91{\sim}79.35{\pm}1.79{\mu}mol/g$ in Chinese garlic. Allicin contents of frozen chopped garlic ranged from $8.91{\pm}0.34{\sim}13.09{\pm}0.35mg/g$ in domestic garlic and $5.91{\pm}0.08{\sim}6.05{\pm}0.27mg/g$ in Chinese garlic. Total thiosulfinate content of commercial frozen chopped garlic ranged from $0.60{\pm}0.07{\sim}1.33{\pm}0.12$ optical density/g. Total thiosulfinate content of commercial frozen chopped garlic was positively correlated with allicin content (r=0.892, P<0.01). Flavor patterns of commercial frozen chopped garlic measured by an electronic nose showed no difference between domestic and Chinese garlics.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.393-408
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• 2009

The drastic growth of transnational marriage since the mid-1990s has been a new challenge to Korea. This article aims to provide a comprehension of new ethnicity by focusing on transnational marriage migration in Korea. A steep increase of foreign brides from China and Southeast countries such as Vietnam and the Philippines can be understood in terms of globalization from below. In this context, Korean trend is similar to Taiwan and Japanese ones. But, there are also some differences between them. The inflow of foreign brides has been gradually weakened since 2005 in Korea, as Taiwan has experienced since 2003. In the ratio of foreign brides among total marriage in Korea, rural area show in average two-fold higher than urban areas. However, most foreign brides have settled down in urban areas in aspect of absolute number. Korean Chinese wives most densely concentrate in urban area, followed by Chinese wives, Nevertheless, there are significant differences among foreign brides' residential areas with their nationalities. In this point, the geography of new ethnicity with foreign brides in Korea is likely to be a multi-dimensional space.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.123-129
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• 2014

Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng) and American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) are widely used medicinal plants with similar morphology but different medicinal efficacy. Roots, flowers, and processed products of Korean and American ginseng can be difficult to differentiate from each other, leading to illegal trade in which one species is sold as the other. This study was carried out to develop convenient and reliable chloroplast genome-derived DNA markers for authentication of Korean and American ginseng in commercial processed products. One codominant marker could reproducibly identify both species and intentional mixtures of the two species. We further developed a set of species-unique dominant DNA markers. Each species-specific dominant marker could detect 1% cross contamination with other species by low resolution agarose gel electrophoresis or quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Both markers were successfully applied to evaluate the original species from various processed ginseng products purchased from markets in Korea and China. We believe that high-throughput application of this marker system will eradicate illegal trade and promote confident marketing for both species to increase the value of Korean as well as American ginseng in Korea and worldwide.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.29-38
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• 2007

Recently, the tropospheric ozone has gained a global attention for its adverse effect on vegetation as well as its contribution to the global warming. Although a number of studies have been carried out for the urban ozone, the effect of ozone on vegetation is still largely unknown in Korea. The present work aimed at performing the first evaluation of forest damage by ozone using the national air monitoring data from the year 2000 to the year 2005. Moreover, it also explored the relevance of adverse effect of ozone to the recent events on leaf chlorosis of black locust, Robinia pseudo-acacia, leading to early foliage widely observed in Korea since 2001. In the nineties, forest damages caused by ozone such as leaf chlorosis occurred in Europe and North America and led to invoke comprehensive field and laboratory studies. As a result, AOT40, implying the accumulated dose over a threshold 40 ppb, was developed to assess the forest damage by ozone. 19 air monitoring stations were selected across Korea to calculate AOT40 from the year 2000 to the year 2005. The calculated AOT40 generally increased during April and May and reached the maximum after May. The increase of AOT40 diminished substantially from the mid-June as the rainy season started. The calculated AOT40 in the nine rural sites from the year 2002 to th ε year 2005 ranged from 6.8 to 29.4 ppm-hr. And all the AOT40 at th ε year 2005 exceeded the critical value of 10 ppm-hr for forest damage. Morevoer the calculated AOT40 of Korea appeared higher than the AOT40 of Europe in the year 2004/2005 and comparable to the AOT40 of China in the year 2000. Despite the high levels of the calculated AOT40 since the year 2001 and the consistency of time of seasons between high AOT40 values and occurrence of chlorosis of black locust, further studies are required to conclude that the chlorosis of black locust occurred from the year 2001 to the year 2005 were resulted from a damage by ozone.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.7385-7393
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• 2013

Background: Only few epidemiological data on primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors in Shanghai have been reported. Methods: All cases of primary CNS tumors that were registered at Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) were collected (1973-2007: urban Shanghai; 2003-2007: whole Shanghai city). Trends were analyzed using joinpoint analysis and rates were stratified by age, gender and region. Histological data were collected from both CDC and Huashan Hospital. Results: From 1973 to 2007, the five-year average incidence rate in urban Shanghai increased in both genders, especially in the elderly population. Joinpoint analysis showed the age-adjusted incidence rate for males increased first but then plateaued, whilst rates for females continued increasing over the 35 years. For the five-year status quo (2003-2007), rural had a higher age-adjusted incidence rate than urban populations, and females higher than males, especially those with advanced age. According to CDC (2003-2007) and Huashan Hospital (1951-2011), the two most common histological subtypes were neuroepithelial tumors (with male predominance) and meningiomas (with female predominance). Conclusions: In Shanghai, a steadily increased incidence rate of primary CNS tumors was observed in general, and in the elderly and female population in particular.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.3-8
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• 1990

Seven specimens of salmon(Oncorhynchus keta) purchased directly, in Oct. 10. 1990, in the Taep'o port. Kang-won-do were examined for infection state of anisakid larvae and classification of extracted larvae according to morphological characters. The results were as follows. 1) From seven salmon 202 anisakid larvae were found, and mean infection number of anisakid larvae per individual salmon was 28.86. 2) From total extracted anisakid larvae 198 larvae(98%) were found in muscle. Therefore the distribution of anisakid larvae in intestine was extremely rare compared to in muscle. 3) The percentage of anisakid larvae in II, IV muscle region was 93% and from this we could surmise that most anisakid larvae in salmon did not penetrate to the very distanted muscle from intestine. 4) Three types of anisakid larvae(Anisakis Type I, Contracaecum Type B, Contracaecum Type D) were identified and, among them, Contracaecum Type B was the first recording type in Korea 5) Larvae of Contracaecum it genus were found only in intestine. Therefore it surmised that penetration neture to muscle of Contracaecum larvae was less than that of Anisakis Type I.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.765-769
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• 2015

Anaplasma species are obligate intracellular pathogens that can cause tick-borne diseases in mammalian hosts. To date, very few studies of their occurrence in Korean native goats (Capra aegagrus hircus) have been reported. In the present study, we investigated Anaplasma infection of Korean native goats on Jeju Island, Republic of Korea, and performed phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences. Our results showed that Anaplasma infection was found mostly in adult female goats. The phylogenetic tree revealed that the 7 sequences identified in Korean native goats could belong to Anaplasma sp. and were distinct from A. marginale, A. centrale, and A. ovis. The results indicated that the sequences identified to belong to Anaplasma were closely related to sequences isolated from goats in China and were clustered within the same group. To our knowledge, this is the first study to detect Anaplasma sp. infection in Korean native goats.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.70-78
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• 1991

Antibody changes in experimental anisakiasis were observed by ELlSA and SDS-PAGE/EITB using various antigens : whole worm extract antigen(WWE), somatic antigen(SOM), excretory-secretory antign(ES), and hemoglobin antigen(HB) of Anisakis Type 1. The results obtained were as follows. l) Serum levels of IgG antibody by ELISA increased from 1st week of infection and reached their maximum titer at 5th week after infection, and decreased gradually thereafter. 2) The best result expressed as positive/negative ratio could be obtained when ES antigen was used. 3) Silver stained SDS-PAGE of each antigen showed at least 20 protein bands : In WWE, 286, 278, 262, 38, 18 Kd bands ; In SOM, 38 Kd band : In ES, 286, 65, 13 Kd bands ; In Hb, 61, 55, 38, 28, 26, 22, 20, 16, 15 Kd bands iepntibied as were major bands. 4) By EITB using WWE, Serum antibody recognized major protein with molecular weight of 86 Kd and 16 Kd. Using ES, 69, 59, 16 Kd bands were observed and using Hb, 28 Kd band was observed as specific band. In conclusion, excretory-secretory antigen(ES) of Anisakis larvae was most usable for ELISA.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.209-213
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• 2017

Congenital tremor (CT) is a sporadic neurodegenerative disease reported in suckling piglets worldwide. Since atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) was first identified in US in 2015, it has also subsequently detected in Europe and China as a causative pathogen for CT in suckling piglets. Three new-born piglets died from severe tremor was submitted to Chonbuk National University-Veterinary Diagnostic Center (CBNU-VDC) and various tissues (lung, lymph node, brain, intestine) were tested with panpestivirus RT-PCR and APPV NS5B-specific RT-PCR. All of the samples were positive by both of the PCR tests and the partial NS5B sequences of APPV were confirmed by sequencing on the PCR products of APPV NS5B-specific RT-PCR. Therefore, we report the first identification of APPV from a case of CT in suckling piglets in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.321-328
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• 1996

As a first step for improvement of breeding and productivity of Epimedii Herba, the patterns of components and the difference in icariin, a main component of this plant, in compliance with seasons and places of collection were evaluated by HPLC. As a result, the patterns of components in samples collected in July-September were shown to be markedly increased compared to those collected in May. Corresponding to the alternations of the pattern, the amount of icariin, which was estimated to be 0.017% in May was found to be increased markedly up to 0.82% in September. The samples collected at Chul-won district showed the highest icariin contents (0.94%), however, those collected in China was only 50% level (0.4%) of domestic ones. These results strongly suggest that the quality of Epimedii Herba might be quite different with respect to the seasons and places of the collection.