• Iberoamérica
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.83-114
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• 2019

Now Venezuela is the most attentional country in Latin America not only in our country but also all world. Unfortunately, the current crisis is a danger that threatening the venezuelan people's right to live, so most of the news is negative. Some analysts in Korea insist that everything is the result of invasion by US imperialism, others say it is a state of default due to excessive populism. The others also described as a power game of the powers of the world by the new Cold War. But most essential thing is that Sovereign of Venezuela, Venezuelan people are marginalized in this process. Venezuela's crisis seems to have been both a combination of internal and external factors, but internal factors been a main cause. The internal factors are the dictatorship and corruption of crony capitalism of nepotism which are considered historical ailments in Latin America. Chávez criticized the oligarchy, but paradoxically, the Chávezian or current ruling forces became another oligarchy. Unfortunately, Western powers such as the United States and the EU and Venezuela's current ruling powers are at an extreme confrontation, so can be seen using cliff-edge tactics. The best solution is the free and peaceful reelection of the president. After the patriarchal winter, which spring will come the Venezuelan people must decide.

• Journal of Daesoon Thought and the Religions of East Asia
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.115-132
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• 2022

Caodaism officially came into existence in 1926 in Southern Vietnam and soon became a spiritual phenomenon, in the sense of spiritual and social influence. Despite being sandwiched between political forces and ruling governments, Caodaism steadily grew far beyond its national boundary. After 95 years, Caodaism eventually reached Taiwan when a new small Cao Đài Congregation, approved by top Cao Đài Dignitaries in Vietnam, was established in Zhongli District, Taoyuan City by a group identifying as 'Vietnamese New Immigrants' in Taiwan. This article traced this religious organization's doctrine, philosophy, prophecy and relevant socio-cultural factors and found that (1) Caodaists see the successful spreading of Caodaism to Taiwan as having been prophesied long ago; (2) Caodaists believe that any human efforts by Cao Đài missionaries to spread Caodaism overseas without approval from Divinities could end up in failure; and (3) the similarities in social, cultural, and religious practices between the peoples of Vietnam and Taiwan lay a strong foundation for Caodaism to further develop in Taiwan.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.7-25
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• 2013

For the Palestinians, what is the impact of the Arab Spring? The revolution not only dislodged Mubarak from the presidency, but also changed Egyptian policy regarding Palestinians in Gaza. New Egyptian diplomacy has encouraged Hamas and Fatah, which had been in dispute, to seek reconciliation and has loosened the border control on humanitarian grounds. We focus on Palestinian voting attitudes in the wake of the Arab Spring. Despite the vast quantity of literature written about Palestinian politics since the first decade of the millennium, we know little about the determinants of Palestinian attitudes toward the divided governments in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. The Fatah government, in the West Bank, increased in popularity after submitting a request for UN recognition of Palestinian statehood. In Gaza, the Hamas government lost popularity because of mismanagement but won support through the success of its prisoner swap deal with Israel. However, evaluation of the ruling party does not depend only on one-time events. This research attempts to measure the impact of policy change in Gaza after the Arab Spring. We provide an account of our research on Palestinian attitudes toward the divided governments based on two sets of the original survey data conducted in May 2009 and June 2012. The paper sheds light on Palestinian attitudes and makes clear the effects of "democratization" in the Middle East and the effects of regional context factors on the occupied Palestinians.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.39
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• pp.115-142
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to explore the changes of values in Korea focused on the period from liberation in 1945 to industrialization in the late 1970s. Those periods classified into 'Transitional Era' and 'Industrial Era' based on historical events significantly influenced the changes of value system of Korean people or Korean society. In this study, not only main values and right people for society but also the way of changing value system in those periods were suggested by investigating factors of politics, economy and society. The results are as follows : First, main values and right people for society on each period were as follows : In Transitional Era, main values were manners and social norms, and right people for this period were practical intellectuals pursuing the principle of action-oriented truth-and- knowledge-seeking. In Industrial Era, on the other hand, main values were sincerity, diligence, self-help and collaboration, and right people for this period were skilled man having occupational ability which was essential for economic development. Second, lasting value in Transitional Era and Industrial Era was patriotism. The patriotism in early Transitional Era was appealed to nation and people because of the collapse of ruling system and the absence of leaders, however, the patriotism changed to loyalty towards a national leader or seniors after the formation of new ruling system by building nation and electing a leader. On the other hand, the patriotism of Industrial Era was distinctly defined purpose for carrying out national economic policy and overwhelming Democratic People's Republic of Korea with anti-communist spirit and unification will.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.7 no.12
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• pp.1-12
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• 2007

In this study, the use of wrapping cloth was studied by examining documents and drawings from the past that reflect the life of people of the time with a focus on "minbo" (a wrapping cloth used by civilians) and "gungbo" (a wrapping cloth used by the ruling class). Unlike the bag culture of industrialized society, wrapping cloth has diversity, dynamic and receptiveness to changes as well as coexistence of 2 and 3-dimension. Environment-friendliness of recyclability of the cloth used for making wrapping cloth is not found in any other traditional transportation device cultures of the world. Such polysemous elements converge into a various functions with the development of technology and raw material and allow a package design from a new perspective. This study analyzes the above factors from a package design perspective to suggest an innovative modern package design that has fusional, diverse features.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.35-40
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• 2010

This study collected 217 cases of court ruling statements for the cases over which administrative litigations were made regarding the acknowledgment of cerebral and cardiovascular diseases arising out of duty against Korea Labor Welfare Corporation and analyzed the factors of occurrence of cerebral hemorrhage and infarction and the Court cases of cancelation and dismissal of the litigation. As a result, due to seasonal factors, cerebral hemorrhage occurred more in the winter while cerebral infarction, in spring. The incidences for each age group were the higest in people in their 40s for cerebral hemorrhage while in those in their 50s for cerebral infarction, it turned that the incidence inside the places of business was the highest. The average days from application for care and family benefits until the confirmation of the case was 31 months on average for 34 canceled cases while 23 months for 183 dismissed ones, and the average number of months working until the occurrence of accident was 80.8 months for the 34 canceled cases while 77.6 for the 183 dismissed ones. This study has a significance in that it analyzed leading cases of confirmed administrative litigations in some cases applied for diseases due to occupational cases after the occurrence of cerebral and cardiovascular diseases but not approved, through which it is expected to be used as the basic data to reduce time and economic loss generated by the litigations to judge the acknowledgment of diseases due to occupational cases.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.58 no.3
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• pp.131-148
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• 2008

Each stylistic period through history has its own unique look. The characteristic look of each period is completed and visualized with its prevailing ideologies, aesthetic consciousness and morality by means of 'form'. A period expresses its characteristics in accordance with form according to the widespread preferences of the time. Among the various cultural factors that form the look of the time, those that the period holds as ideal aesthetic values create the concept of 'ideal beauty' for that period. This study begins by establishing the conceptual definition of 'ideal beauty' and develops the premise that dress reflected ideal beauty. To attain the goal of the study, the selected objects are dresses represented in paintings, the actual garments from the Renaissance to Baroque periods and written references about art, art history, and history of costume. The results, based upon a theoretical study of the zeitgeist and aesthetic values of the 16th and 17th centuries, are as follows: first, ideal beauty influences the substance and form that constitute dress style. It is a byproduct of the spirit of time, the zeitgeist. The concept of ideal beauty is born within the lifestyle pursued by the ruling class and focuses on the body as an epitome of beauty, moral values, custom, lifestyle and taste as it becomes visualized via form. Second, the aspect of dress representing the ideal beauty of particular time varied according to the times. In both periods, power and dignity were used to achieve the ideal aesthetic values. In the Renaissance, power was expressed by the horizontal extension of dress (i.e. wide farthingales and sleeves) and in the Baroque period, by vertical extension (i.e. long and tall wigs, fontanges and trains). It can be said that fashion in both periods achieved an ideal, such as power and dignity, via the same means, by extending dress sizes, but the ways in which those ideals were portrayed in each period's dress yielded very contrary styles. It is understood through this study that ideal beauty influenced the dress style of the Renaissance and Baroque periods and played a decisive role in determining its forms and symbolic meanings.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 2011

The present study introduces a comparison between 3D R-tree and octree which are noticeable candidates to index large point clouds gathered from a 3D terrestrial laser scanner. A query method, which is to find neighboring points within given distances, was devised for the comparison, and time lapses for the query along with memory usages were checked. From tests conducted on point clouds scanned from a building and a stone pagoda, it was shown that octree has the advantage of fast generation and query while 3D R-tree is more memory-efficient. Both index and leaf capacity were revealed to be ruling factors to get the best performance of 3D R-tree, while the number of level was of oetree.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.309-317
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• 2012

Objective: The aim of this paper is to inquire into the influences form factors and control types affect a search time and comfort at list menu of full touch phone. Background: Various studies have been proceeded that are related to the optimum touch area for enhancing usability of control and legibility in mobile touch device. In the environment of list menu which is widely used to provide various information effectively, however, not only comprehensive consideration for legibility and control is to be seek but also research for control type which is to scroll a list. Method: This study executed form factor experiment to inquire into the influence that font size, height of row and fixed area affect searching time and comfort in the while information processing even if the information on the list is unsorted in alphabetical order. Among the result of form factor experiment, control type experiment was executed by selecting shortest performance time, highest legibility comfort and control comfort. Control type experiment was implemented to figure out the influence which existing flicking type, scrolling bar type, newly established button page type and button raw types affect performance time and subjective comfort depending on location of the information. Results: Font size 12pt, height of row 7mm and fixed area 15mm was shortest performance time and got highest comfort and legibility score in form factor experiment. A Button page which was newly proposed type was shortest performance time and got highest comprehensive comfort in control type experiment. Conclusion: Form factor experiment showed similar results with the study through reading a long passage of character or controlling a grid icon type. However, height of row turned out to affect not only touch area for control but also legibility by ruling space between the lines. Button page type which was newly proposed showed shortest performance time and got highest comprehensive comfort. Because Button page type needs few finger movements than other control types and implements search in the fixed form, unlikely other type which list keeps moving. Application: This study should be applied in deciding form factors and control type for scroll when designing a list menu of full touch phone.

• Korean Journal of Legislative Studies
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.67-88
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• 2009

This study aims at examining what factors have an effect on congressional voting behaviors. In particular, the study closely investigates the Whole Reform Bill on the Law of Local Educational Self-Governing because the bill attracts a lot of attentions. Above all, the bill contains direct election of superintendents of educational affairs and members of a board of education. Likewise, the education committee is converted into a standing committee of the local assembly due to the passage of the bill. The reason the study mainly focuses on the bill is because in general, bills on the floor are approved with significant high in favor; however, the bill was passed with opposition. The study examines factors having an influence on legislators' voting decision. Statistical results show that the ruling party played a significant role in passing the bill. Also, the results exhibit that legislators with high careers and proportional members were in favor of the bill compared with other legislators. Although the study examined only particular bill passed by the National Assembly, it gave an opportunity to look at voting behaviors of legislators. Hopefully, the study contributes to the understanding of congressional voting behaviors.