• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.38-49
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• 2015

Seoul has 424 traffic fatalities in 2010 and 227 of them related to pedestrian crashes. In addition, it revealed that 40% of pedestrian fatalities occurred during jaywalking. Through the effective methods preventing jaywalking can save lots of people, and it can reduce social costs pertinent to pedestrian crashes. Therefore, this study is to suggest the methods preventing jaywalking through conducting literature reviews, human factors with pedestrian and vehicle characteristics, as well as geometric features of accident site or spot. Firstly, in order for examining the contributing factors of accident, this research conducts statistical analysis on pedestrian accidents specifically in jaywalking. Secondly, the analysis on human factors about pedestrian and drivers revealed that drivers with high speed play pivotal roles in pedestrian fatalities. Thirdly, Road and environment factors showed both expected and contradictory results through analyzing total numbers of lane or dry/icy pavement conditions. Consequently, this study can be used to prevent and alleviate pedestrian accidents as well as expected to be applied to future researches about pedestrian safety facilities.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.77-83
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• 2017

The Korea Expressway Corporation announced that road casualties on expressways in 2016 were 262 deaths, a 24% decrease compared to 343 deaths in 2015, thanks to the expansion of rest areas for sleepy drivers. And the installation of large-sized banners containing strong messages such as "dozing while driving means your death" helped to reduce the casualty caused by driving while drowsy by 35% compared to that in 2015. Accordingly, this study tried to analyze the impact of public advertisements designed to prohibit dozing while driving on expressways upon drivers, and to present a direction for improvement of such public advertisements in the future. Based on case studies and library researches, the study contemplated the effects of public advertisements on expressways at home and abroad. It was confirmed that the accident rate has been higher on straight roads than on curved roads and that the framing of negative messages using provocative images or slogans on traffic accidents has been considerably effective. In conclusion, if the installation of outdoor billboards for public advertisements at rest areas for sleepy drivers is institutionalized and the systematic provision of information by road section inside and outside of vehicles via Variable Message Sign (VMS) services on expressways, outdoor billboards, or navigation services (including smartphones) is available, it would be possible to maximize the effect of the public advertisements.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.185-195
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• 2017

In recent years, unexpected bridge fire accidents have increased because of augmenting the number of traffic volumes and hazardous materials by the increment in traffics and distribution business. Furthermore, in accordance with the effort of using the under space of bridges, the ratio of occupied by combustible materials like oil tanker or lorry has been increased. As a result, the occurrence of bridge fire has been growing drastically. In order to mitigate the accident of bridge fire, risk assessment of bridge fire has been studied, however, practical risk models considering safety from users' viewpoints were scarce. This study represented quantitative risk assessment model applicable to national road bridges in Korea. The primary factors with significant impacts on bridge fire accidents was chosen such as clearance height, materials of bridges, arrival time of fire truck and fire intensity. The selected factors were used for Fire Dynamics Simulation (FDS) and the peak temperature calculated by FDS in accordance with the fire duration and fire intensity. The risk assessment model in bridge fire reflected the FDS analysis results, the fire damage criteria, and the grade of fire truck arrival time was established. Response plans for bridge fire accidents according to the risk assessment output has been discussed. Lastly, distances between bridges and fire stations were calculated by GIS network analysis. Based on the suggested assessment model and methodology, sample bridges were selected and graded for the risk assessment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.562-565
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• 2022

Recently, the increasing number of overloaded vehicles on the road poses a risk to traffic safety, such as falling objects, road damage, and chain collisions due to the abnormal weight distribution, and can cause great damage once an accident occurs. However, this irregular weight distribution is not possible to be recognized with the current weight measurement system for vehicles on roads. To address this limitation, we propose to build an object detection-based AI model to identify overloaded vehicles that cause such social problems. In addition, we present a simple yet effective method to construct an object detection model for the large-scale vehicle images. In particular, we utilize the large-scale of vehicle image sets provided by open AI-Hub, which include the overloaded vehicles from the CCTV, black box, and hand-held camera point of view. We inspected the specific features of sizes of vehicles and types of image sources, and pre-processed these images to train a deep learning-based object detection model. Finally, we demonstrated that the detection performance of the overloaded vehicle was improved by about 23% compared to the one using raw data. From the result, we believe that public big data can be utilized more efficiently and applied to the development of an object detection-based overloaded vehicle detection model.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.192-207
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• 2023

Commercialization of level-4 (Lv.4) autonomous driving applications requires the definition of a safe road environment under which autonomous vehicles can operate safely. Thus, a risk assessment model is required to determine whether the operation of autonomous vehicles can provide safety to is sufficiently prepared for future real-life traffic problems. Although the risk factors of autonomous vehicles were selected and graded, the decision-making method was applied as qualitative data using a survey of experts in the field of autonomous driving due to the cause of the accident and difficulty in obtaining autonomous driving data. The fuzzy linguistic representation of decision-makers and the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP), which converts uncertainty into quantitative figures, were implemented to compensate for the AHP shortcomings of the multi-standard decision-making technique. Through the process of deriving the weights of the upper and lower attributes, the road alignment, which is a physical infrastructure, was analyzed as the most important risk factor in the operation risk of autonomous vehicles. In addition, the operation risk of autonomous vehicles was derived through the example of the risk of operating autonomous vehicles for the 5 areas to be evaluated.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.39C no.10
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• pp.948-956
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• 2014

Today, Intelligent Vehicle Detection System seeks to reduce the negative factors, such as accidents over to get the traffic information of existing system. This paper proposes detection algorithm for the illegal U-turn vehicles which can cause critical accident among violations of road traffic laws. We predicted that if calculated optical flow vectors were shown on the illegal U-turn path, they would be cause of the illegal U-turn vehicles. To reduce the high computational complexity, we use the algorithm of pyramid Lucas-Kanade. This algorithm only track the key-points likely corners. Because of the high computational complexity, we detect center lane first through the color information and progressive probabilistic hough transform and apply to the around of center lane. And then we select vectors on illegal U-turn path and calculate reliability to check whether vectors is cause of the illegal U-turn vehicles or not. Finally, In order to evaluate the algorithm, we calculate process time of the type of algorithm and prove that proposed algorithm is efficiently.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.6D
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• pp.549-556
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• 2012

Longitudinal tunnels are defined as tunnels with length of over 1km. Because of Korea's topographical conditions and as safety measures for linear design, many tunnels are inevitably being constructed in Korea. The number of longitudinal tunnels constructed on expressways amounted to 104 as of the end of 2010 with a total length of 192km. Given the increasing demand for tunnels and the increasing length of tunnels, a safety evaluation of longitudinal tunnels needs to be conducted. As such, this study selected design elements, transportation environment and delineation system as elements to check and tried to determine factors influencing road crashes. For this, tunnels have been classified based on history of crashes; ones with crashes and ones without crashes and statistically meaningful explanatory variables were selected. By using these variables, a logit model was development in order to better grasp the factors that directly and strongly influence crashes. The result, related to crashes as well as the analysis were utility tunnel interior materials of driving lane and passing lane, which are related to driver's visibility, lateral width widening to consolidate space in a tunnel, and annual average daily traffic (AADT) per lane. These results may be used in the future as analysis indicators when drawing up plans to prevent crashes in longitudinal tunnels.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.223-233
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• 2014

This study empirically analyzes the relationships among the road and traffic experts' personal characteristics, the driving behavior and factors being expected to have an effect on the satisfaction about roundabout operation. The factors are drawn and grouped through the principle component analysis to clarify driving environment satisfaction on roundabout operation. Each group is named as personal attribute, driving behavior attribute, and satisfaction. After the variables are refined by confirmatory factor analysis, satisfaction model is developed with personal attribute and driving behavior attributes as exogenous variables and roundabout driving awareness and emotion attributes as endogenous variables. As a result, driving satisfaction of roundabout operation is directly influenced by delay reduction, safety improvement, capacity increase, sight improvement, severity accident reduction, and bicycle convenience and indirectly gender, age, driving time, and driving experience. Law obeyance, driving concession, traffic sign obeyance, and interposition do not statistically shows significant on satisfaction. As a result of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), the turning radius of geometry and the driving behavior are important elements for roundabout safety.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.435-443
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• 2013

While rural highways carry on lower traffic volumes, the deviations of running speeds between vehicles appear to be higher on rural highways than urban highways. The speed characteristic of rural highways is adding to pedestrian-related accidents which occur on a crosswalk with poor sight distance due to the limits of car headlights and lighting. Specially, the aged was mostly occupied in nighttime-related accidents on crosswalks, and pedestrians crossing on the far side of approaching vehicles appear to have the probability of fatality higher than the near side. An alternative is needed to resolve the compounded accidents, and then this study is to establish a new approach to an optimum lighting environment on a crosswalk to improve pedestrian safety. This study was conducted by a survey and a field study on the lighting of existing crosswalks. The field study shows that the existing lighting has the problem of wasting energy and impeding walking due to glare. The survey shows that nighttime sight distance on a crosswalk is required to improve and that road users prefer to be brighter pedestrian waiting space together with the crosswalk. Thus, a lighting environment that is not too bright and illuminates the crosswalk and the pedestrian waiting space is needed to implement.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.45-54
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• 2020

This study investigated basic data on walking characteristics, including walking speed and cognitive-response for the elderly, and based on these, the time of walking signal was calculated. The on-site survey examined the actual pedestrian crossing speed using a stopwatch, and the age was divided into groups of ordinary people and the elderly. Analysis of the data showed that the average walking speed for the general public was 1.29 m/s, while the average walking speed for the elderly was 1.13 m/s, higher than that of the general public. In addition, the lower speed of the 15th percentile was analyzed to 1.01 m/s for the general population and 0.85 m/s for the elderly, showing a lower walking speed than the standard for the general area and 0.8 m/s for the protected area. However, for senior citizens who use walking sticks or wheelchairs, the speed of the lower 15th-percentile is 0.73 m/s, which is lower than the current standard of protected areas, according to the analysis.