• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.17-37
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• 2024

This study examines the rise of the Body Positive Movement on TikTok and its role as a form of online content activism influencing the fashion design and industry. Through a combination of literature review and case study methodology, the study explores the expression techniques and thematic types of Body Positive Movement on TikTok. Reviews of literature, previous studies, online articles, fashion journals, and relevant search terms on TikTok informed a definition of Body Positive Movement and an analysis of its formation and rise. The research findings confirm the impact TikTok content on Body Positive Movement has on the fashion industry in addressing external factors (i.e., 'Appearance', 'Race', 'Aging', 'Physical Disability') and intrinsic factors (i.e., 'Acceptance of Diversity', 'Self-Esteem', 'Rejection of Stereotypes', 'Appropriate Representation', 'Information Provision'). The key external factor , 'Appearance', includes subcategories such as 'Body Shape', 'Body Hair', 'Skin', and 'Facial Features'. TikTok content creators on fashion creatively combine music, emojis, and visual storytelling to exhibit positive self-perception concerning these factors. A significant finding of the study is that short clips predominantly manifesting external factors differentiate into informative or enlightening videos associated with intrinsic factors. The study underscores Body Positive Movement's important influence on the fashion industry from design to presentation.

• 대한상한금궤의학회지
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.53-84
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• 2023

Objective : The purpose of this study is to explore the therapeutic potential of Shanghanlun for neuropsychiatric disorders through a comparative review of five neuropsychiatric disorder cases diagnosed with Greater yin disease pattern/syndrome (太陰病). Methods : We collected and compared five neuropsychiatric cases diagnosed and treated with Greater yin disease pattern/syndrome (太陰病) from four korean medicine clinics. Clinical symptoms common to the five cases were analyzed by connecting them with Shanghanlun provision 273 and 279. Results : In all five cases, the improvement of chief complaints and decrease in general anxiety were observed after administration of Gyejigajakyak-tang (桂枝加芍薬湯) and Gyejigadaehwang-tang (圭支加大黃湯). In addition, neuropsychiatric symptoms and physical symptoms that are mentioned in Shanghanlun provision 273 and 279 were confirmed in all five cases. Conclusions : We not only reconfirmed that the core features of Greater yin disease pattern/syndrome(太陰病) proposed in previous studies; zi-tong (自痛), yin-er (因爾), jie-ying (結硬), but also that the physical symptoms associated with fu-man (腹満), tu (吐) and zi-li (自利) were common in the presenting symptoms and past histories of the five patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.84 no.1
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• pp.110-126
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• 2023

Because of their small size, small bowel malignancies are often easily missed when radiologists read CT images, which can lead to errors in the normal small bowel due to their similar enhancement to the small bowel or non-specific enhancement. In addition, small bowel malignancies are sometimes mistaken for masses of other origins, such as the uterus, rectum, or omentum. In this article, we describe various small-bowel malignancies, their mimicking lesions and the typical and atypical features on CT imaging along with their clinical manifestations.

• International Journal of Heart Failure
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.93-106
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• 2024

Being commonly diagnosed in elderly women and associated with comorbidities as well as ageing-related cardio-vascular changes, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) has been recently considered as a distinct cardiogeriatric syndrome. Frailty is another frequent geriatric syndrome. HFpEF and frailty share common underlying mechanisms, often co-exist, and represent each other's risk factors. A threshold of 65 years old is usually used to screen patients for both frailty and HFpEF in research and clinical settings. However, both HFpEF and frailty are very heterogenous conditions that may develop at younger ages. In this review we aim to provide a broader overview on the coexistence of HFpEF and frailty throughout the lifetime. We hypothesize that HFpEF and frailty patients' profiles (young, elderly, superaged) represent a continuum of the common ageing process modified by cumulative exposure to risk factors resulting to a presentation of HFpEF and frailty at different ages. We believe, that suggested approach might stimulate assessment of frailty in HFpEF assessment and vice versa regardless of age and early implementation of targeted interventions. Future studies of pathophysiology, clinical features, and outcomes of frailty in HFpEF by age are needed.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.57-59
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• 2021

Carcinoid tumor is called as neuroendocrine tumor and is classified into neuroendocrine tumor Grade 1, neuroendocrine tumor Grade 2, and neuroendocrine carcinoma based on the differentiation of tumors. Recently, the incidence of rectal carcinoid tumor has been increasing probably due to the increased interest on screening colonoscopy and the advancement of endoscopic imaging technology. As the rectal carcinoid shows a wide range of clinical characteristics such as metastasis and long-term prognosis depending on the size and histologic features, it is a challenge to give a consistent diagnostic code in patients with the rectal carcinoid. If the rectal carcinoid tumor is less than 1 cm in size, it can be given as the code of definite malignancy or the code of uncertain malignant potential according to International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O) by World Health Organization (WHO). Because patients get different amount of benefit from the insurance company based on different diagnostic codes, this inconsistent coding system has caused a significant confusion in the clinical practice. In 2019, WHO updated ICD-O and Statistics Korea subsequently changed Korean Standard Classification of Diseases (KCD) including the code of rectal carcinoid tumors. This review will summarize what has been changed in recent ICD-O and KCD system regarding the rectal carcinoid tumor and surmise its clinical implication.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.339-346
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• 2022

Since the earliest reports, advanced clipping systems have been developed, and it is possible to choose among many models with different structural and technical features. The main drawback of through-the-scope clips is their small size, which allows the compression of limited amounts of tissue needed for large-size vessel treatment. Therefore, the over-the-scope clip system was realized, allowing a larger and stronger mechanical compression of large tissue areas, with excellent results in achieving a definitive hemostasis in difficult cases. Many studies have analyzed the indications and efficacy of two-pronged endoclips and have shown good results for initial and permanent hemostasis. The aim of this review was to provide updated information on indications, positioning techniques, and results of clip application for endoscopic treatment of upper gastrointestinal non-variceal bleeding lesions.

• Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.231-262
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• 2022

There is a wide spectrum of congenital anomalies or variations of the aortic arch, ranging from non-symptomatic variations that are mostly detected incidentally to clinically symptomatic variations that cause severe respiratory distress or esophageal compression. Some of these may be accompanied by other congenital heart diseases or chromosomal anomalies. The widespread use of multidetector computed tomography (CT) in clinical practice has resulted in incidental detection of several variations of the aortic arch in adults. Thus, radiologists and clinicians should be aware of the classification of aortic arch anomalies and carefully look for imaging features associated with a high risk of clinical symptoms. Understanding the embryological development of the aortic arch aids in the classification of various subtypes of aortic arch anomalies and variants. For accurate diagnosis and precise evaluation of aortic arch anomalies, cross-sectional imaging modalities, such as multidetector CT or magnetic resonance imaging, play an important role by providing three-dimensional reconstructed images. In this review, we describe the embryological development of the thoracic aorta and discuss variations and anomalies of the aortic arch along with their clinical implications.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.136-142
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• 2024

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the patterns of use of oral aripiprazole treatment in children and adolescents diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) at a university medical center in Korea. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 164 outpatient children and adolescents diagnosed with ASD by child and adolescent psychiatrists. Patient demographic characteristics, clinical features, age and dose of aripiprazole treatment, associated adverse events, and concomitant medications, etc. were evaluated. Results: Aripiprazole treatment was initiated at a mean age of 7.64 years, at a mean initial dose of 1.15 mg. Methylphenidate was often co-administered with aripiprazole. The most commonly reported adverse effects were increased appetite and weight gain, which in some cases led to discontinuation of medication. Conclusion: A follow-up study is warranted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of aripiprazole treatment in Korean children and adolescents diagnosed with ASD, and it is crucial to consider their clinical characteristics and response to treatment in the evaluation.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.25 no.9
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• pp.807-823
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• 2024

Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is a category of immune-mediated disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) affecting children and adults. It is characterized by the subacute onset of altered mentation, neurocognitive issues, refractory seizures/drug-resistant epilepsy, movement disorders, and/or autonomic dysfunction. AE is mediated by autoantibodies targeting specific surface components or intracytoplasmic antigens in the CNS, leading to functional or structural alterations. Multiple triggers that induce autoimmunity have been described, which are mainly parainfectious and paraneoplastic. The imaging features of AE often overlap with each other and with other common causes of encephalitis/encephalopathy (infections and toxic-metabolic etiologies). Limbic encephalitis is the most common imaging finding shared by most of these entities. Cortical, basal ganglia, diencephalon, and brainstem involvement may also be present. Cerebellar involvement is rare and is often a part of paraneoplastic degeneration. Owing to an improved understanding of AE, their incidence and detection have increased. Hence, in an appropriate setting, a high degree of suspicion is crucial when reporting clinical MRIs to ensure prompt treatment and better patient outcomes. In this review, we discuss the pathophysiology of AE and common etiologies encountered in clinical practice.

• Journal of Medicine and Life Science
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.53-61
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• 2024

With the rapid development of technology and societal change, a shift from traditional classroom instruction to more diverse educational methods in medical education is necessary. As an effective approach to providing flexibility and accessibility while maintaining the benefits of face-to-face interactions, blended learning, which integrates online and offline learning, has gained attention. This study examines the current status and best practices of the aforementioned blended learning, analyzes its application in domestic and international contexts, and derives effective instructional design strategies. A comprehensive review of previous research and empirical cases reveals a conceptual framework and core principles for designing such blended learning. Key considerations include strategic integration of online and offline activities, facilitation of self-directed learning and interaction, effective use of technology, and continuous quality improvement. Furthermore, we suggest contextually relevant strategies, such as designing curricula focused on clinical reasoning, providing iterative practice opportunities, enhancing reflection, and fostering future competencies. The case analysis establishes that blended learning is implemented in various forms across different medical schools and curricula. Common features include the linkage of online and offline learning, incorporation of learner-centered methods, and emphasis on practical competencies. However, the limited number of cases suggests that generalizations may be premature. Successful implementation requires multifaceted efforts, including gradual introduction, faculty support, flexible curricula, safety measures, and institutional support. Accumulating empirical research and evidence of their effectiveness can facilitate their wider dissemination. This study provides implications and future directions for innovative medical education using hybrid learning.