• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.11 no.12
• /
• pp.1281-1289
• /
• 2002

This study was conducted to evaluate water quality in the Keum River using multivariate analysis. The analysis data in Keum river made use of surveyed data by the ministry of environment from January 1994 to December 2001. Thirteen water quality parameter were determined on each sample. The results was summarized as follow; Water quality in the Keum River could be explained up to 71.39% by four factors which were included in loading of organic matter and nutrients by the tributaries (32.88%), seasonal variation (16.09%), loading of pathogenic bacteria by domestic sewage of Gapcheon (13.39%) and internal metabolism in estuary as lakes(9.03%). For spatial variation of factor score, four group was classified by each factor characterization. Station 1 and 2 was influenced by Daechung dam, station 3 was affected by domestic sewage of Gapcheon, station 10~12 was affected by estuary dyke and the rest station. The result of cluster analysis by station was classified into four group that has different water quality characteristics. In monthly cluster analysis, three group was classified according to seasonal characteristic. Also, in yearly cluster analysis, three group was classified. It is necessary to control the pollutant loadings by Gapcheon inflow domestic sewage in Daejeon city for the sake of water quality management of Keum river.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.23-43
• /
• 2016

As a result of the growth of Internet data and the rapid development of Internet technology, "big data" analysis has gained prominence as a major approach for evaluating and mining enormous data for various purposes. Especially, in recent years, people tend to share their experiences related to their leisure activities while also reviewing others' inputs concerning their activities. Therefore, by referring to others' leisure activity-related experiences, they are able to gather information that might guarantee them better leisure activities in the future. This phenomenon has appeared throughout many aspects of leisure activities such as movies, traveling, accommodation, and dining. Apart from blogs and social networking sites, many other websites provide a wealth of information related to leisure activities. Most of these websites provide information of each product in various formats depending on different purposes and perspectives. Generally, most of the websites provide the average ratings and detailed reviews of users who actually used products/services, and these ratings and reviews can actually support the decision of potential customers in purchasing the same products/services. However, the existing websites offering information on leisure activities only provide the rating and review based on one stage of a set of evaluation criteria. Therefore, to identify the main issue for each evaluation criterion as well as the characteristics of specific elements comprising each criterion, users have to read a large number of reviews. In particular, as most of the users search for the characteristics of the detailed elements for one or more specific evaluation criteria based on their priorities, they must spend a great deal of time and effort to obtain the desired information by reading more reviews and understanding the contents of such reviews. Although some websites break down the evaluation criteria and direct the user to input their reviews according to different levels of criteria, there exist excessive amounts of input sections that make the whole process inconvenient for the users. Further, problems may arise if a user does not follow the instructions for the input sections or fill in the wrong input sections. Finally, treating the evaluation criteria breakdown as a realistic alternative is difficult, because identifying all the detailed criteria for each evaluation criterion is a challenging task. For example, if a review about a certain hotel has been written, people tend to only write one-stage reviews for various components such as accessibility, rooms, services, or food. These might be the reviews for most frequently asked questions, such as distance between the nearest subway station or condition of the bathroom, but they still lack detailed information for these questions. In addition, in case a breakdown of the evaluation criteria was provided along with various input sections, the user might only fill in the evaluation criterion for accessibility or fill in the wrong information such as information regarding rooms in the evaluation criteria for accessibility. Thus, the reliability of the segmented review will be greatly reduced. In this study, we propose an approach to overcome the limitations of the existing leisure activity information websites, namely, (1) the reliability of reviews for each evaluation criteria and (2) the difficulty of identifying the detailed contents that make up the evaluation criteria. In our proposed methodology, we first identify the review content and construct the lexicon for each evaluation criterion by using the terms that are frequently used for each criterion. Next, the sentences in the review documents containing the terms in the constructed lexicon are decomposed into review units, which are then reconstructed by using the evaluation criteria. Finally, the issues of the constructed review units by evaluation criteria are derived and the summary results are provided. Apart from the derived issues, the review units are also provided. Therefore, this approach aims to help users save on time and effort, because they will only be reading the relevant information they need for each evaluation criterion rather than go through the entire text of review. Our proposed methodology is based on the topic modeling, which is being actively used in text analysis. The review is decomposed into sentence units rather than considering the whole review as a document unit. After being decomposed into individual review units, the review units are reorganized according to each evaluation criterion and then used in the subsequent analysis. This work largely differs from the existing topic modeling-based studies. In this paper, we collected 423 reviews from hotel information websites and decomposed these reviews into 4,860 review units. We then reorganized the review units according to six different evaluation criteria. By applying these review units in our methodology, the analysis results can be introduced, and the utility of proposed methodology can be demonstrated.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.147-161
• /
• 2020

In order to help elementary students understand the astronomical unit in depth, this study applied backward design 2.0 to check the effect on students' science academic achievement, performance evaluation, and science class satisfaction. As a result of the study, there was no statistically significant difference in the science achievement test, but the average score of the experimental group has improved. As a result of the performance evaluation test, there was a statistically significant difference because the feedback was well provided through the process-focused assessment and it helped in-depth understanding. As a result of the science class satisfaction test, there was a statistically significant difference in the areas of science curriculum and peer relation except for the science teacher area. This is because a differentiated science curriculum was designed through analysis of achievement standards, and various teaching methods of student-centered were implemented to reach achievement standards. We hope this study will focus on the impact of backward design 2.0 on learners in elementary science classes and help find ways to effectively apply backward design 2.0 in the field.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.161-165
• /
• 2020

Although research using meta-analysis is increasing in the field of rehabilitation science, not all meta-analytical papers are of the same quality. In particular, although meta-analysis is a research method with the highest level of evidence, it may be possible to derive distorted conclusions or alternatives by simply integrating representative values without considering heterogeneity among individual studies. This study analyzed the current status of meta-analysis papers on the subject of language arbitration published in Korea from January 2010 to June 2019, and used A Measurement Tool to Assess the Methodological Quality of Systematic Review (AMSTAR). As a result of evaluating the methodological quality of the final five papers, the average of 7.4 points out of 11 points was found above average. In order to raise the qualitative level of Meta-analysis in speech-language pathology in the future, it is necessary to include verification of publication bias and specification of conflicts of interest.

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.187-195
• /
• 2010

To assess health risk for the intake among residents after the Hebei Spirit oil spill, 16 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in seafood samples from oil contaminated bay were determined by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MSD) and samples were personally collected and purchased by residents. Samples were hydrolyzed with KOH and extracted with methylene chloride. The extracted solution were cleaned up using silica/florisil column and 16 PAHs were eluted by methylene chloride : n-hexane (1:9) mixture and determined by GC-MSD in Selected Ion Monitoring (SIM) mode. The mean recoveries for 16 PAHs ranged from 79% to 85%. The 16 PAHs levels in 126 samples ranged from 0.17 to $6.04\;{\mu}g$/kg and the TEQBaP (Toxic EQuivalents) levels in 126 samples were calculated using benzo(a)pyrene toxic equivalency factor for individual 16 PAHs and ranged from 0 to $0.91\;{\mu}gTEQ$/kg. The average Benzo(a)pyrene dietary exposure of residents was $5.5{\times}10^{-8}\;mg/kg$ bw/day and the average PAHs chronic dietary exposure was $1.3{\times}10^{-5}\;mg$ TEQ/kg bw/day. The margin of exposure (MOE) and the excess cancer risk and were $1.8{\times}10^6$ and $9.8{\times}10^{-8}$, respectively. Therefore, the assessment result was considered as low concern for health risk.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
• /
• v.7 no.6
• /
• pp.59-68
• /
• 2004

Cooperative web-based learning is an teaching strategy in which small teams, each of students with different levels of ability, use a variety of learning activities to improve their understanding of a subject via the web. The objective of this paper is to propose new assessment items for evaluating students fairly in cooperative web-based learning. As a result, improved academic achievement, improved behavior and attendance, and increased self-confidence can be made in cooperative web-based learning due to the fair assessment, In this paper, the environment and instructional strategies for successful learning are firstly examined. In addition, the existing evaluation items in traditional classroom are also analyzed in order to develop new evaluation criteria in the web. Based on these analyzed items, we propose new evaluation items for cooperative web-based learning. In addition, the proposed items related to participant ratio, cooperability, and accountability are analyzed according to team organization styles and instructional models.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.25-35
• /
• 2020

Since the introduction and operation of BF certification, a total of 6,432 certificates has been issued until February 2020, of which educational research facilities make 1,091 cases (754 preliminary certification, 337 main certification) out of 6,237 buildings, acquiring BF certification of about 20%. Qualitative evaluation is conducted with focus on the three items of BF-certified building evaluation index, which are medium facilities, internal facilities, and sanitary facilities, and major keywords are the deducted through the Text Mining analysis of the derived results. As a result, problems with access paths occurred in the case of the facilities, and assessment indicators for users were found to be necessary among the assessment of the steps of the internal facilities. Finally, we could see that sanitation facilities needed to improve toilets installed in residential development facilities. Based on the results obtained, the study seeks to suggest directions for improving the evaluation index required for BF-certified school facilities.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.312-315
• /
• 2014

The present study demonstrated the development and validation of the method for the quantification of phenol in food using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). After spiking of internal standard (Phenol-$d_5$) to food, those samples were extracted with organic solvent mixture (acetone : dichloromethane = 1 : 1, v/v) using ultra sonic extractor and cleaned by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) technique. The amount of phenol was determined by GC/MS. To validate the developed method, we evaluated parameters were the selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, and recovery. To demonstrate the selectivity of the method, blank samples of rice, corn, and fish(mackerel) were prepared and subjected to GC-MS analysis. To verify the linearity of the method, six different standard concentrations of phenol at 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 2.5 mg/kg were evaluated. The correlation coefficient ($r^2$) of calibration curve was 0.9999. The recovery rate for phenol standard calculated by internal standard method were 82.2~101.5% for samples fortified with 0.25, 0.50, and 1.0 mg/kg, respectively. Also the repeatability and reproducibility for validation of precision were 0.2~5.5%. According to the result of the validation, this established method was suitable for AOAC guideline. The limit of detection (LOD) for phenol analysis were 0.03~0.1 mg/kg, and the limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.1~0.3 mg/kg. Therefore, we established the optimal analysis method for determination of phenol in food using GPC and GC/MS.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.289-293
• /
• 2010

3-MCPD created in manufacture process was regulated in our country about soy sauce and HVP. The latest paper reported that Bound 3-MCPD is created as intermediate. Germany common risk assesment reported that Bound 3-MCPD must be reduced because Bound 3-MCPD can be created in estimation circle when this is hydrolyzed in human body, but the data about the toxity of Bound 3-MCPD is lack. Therefore, We analysis about 209 items food such as soy sauce, seasoning food and meat-eating manufactured goods using bound 3-MCPD analysis method developed recently. As result of survey, bound 3-MCPD detected in 8 items among 44 traditional sauce (0.02~0.28ppm), 8 of soup 12 items (0.01~0.96ppm), in 22 items of sauce 60 items (0.01~0.55ppm), in 16 items of meat-eating manufactured foods 30 items (0.04~0.18ppm), in 20 items of snack cookies 28 items (0.09~1.43ppm), in 8 in roasted oil foods 10 items (0.04~1.22ppm), in 6 items of peanut processed food 10 items (0.06~0.25ppm), in 1 of vegetable cream 15 items (0.05ppm). Detected level was lower than the result of monitored by other countries.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.17 no.8
• /
• pp.857-869
• /
• 2008

The objective of this research is to apply more scientific, quantitative methods and procedures of environmental investigation to the development of the natural environment and the improvement of the human environment during the establishment of a sewage treatment plant and special facilities using environmental accounting. This research was performed to develop a method of strategic environmental assessment on the operation of sewage treatment plant and reuse of shellfish seeding areas through the use of environmental accounting based on EMERGY evaluation. The result was applied to marine environment policy in order to evaluate the real wealth of the regional environment and economy for both the present phase and the proposed developed phase. Using results from the comparison of EMERGY indices between the present situation and future scenarios, cost benefit analysis was performed for three different scenarios: (I) construction of a new sewage treatment plant, (2) relocation and recovery of the shellfish seeding area, and (3) relocation and re-seeding of shellfish area and construction of a new sewage treatment plant. Cost-benefit ratios of the three scenarios are 1.88, 0.94, and 1.38, respectively.